scholarly journals Phytosociological features of frigana vegetation of Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-286
Author(s):  
MT Jabbarov ◽  
AS Ibragimov ◽  
FH Nabieva ◽  
VV Atamov ◽  
S Karaman Erkul
Keyword(s):  
Floristic Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Thymus Kotschyanus ◽  
Rhus Coriaria ◽  
Characteristic Species ◽  
Juniperus Polycarpos ◽  
Autonomous Republic

The phytosociological and floristic properties of mountain xerophyte plant associations (Frigana) spread on the territory of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan were investigated. These unions are dominated by barbed and grassy plants. On the other hand Acantholimon spp., Astragalus spp. and Onobrychis cornuta are common in the area and dominant in the mountainous regions of Nakhchivan. The major parts of Shahbuz, Julfa and Ordubad are dominanted by vegetation. In the floristic composition of the frigana units the shrubs are dominant and the characteristic species are: Pyrus oxyprion, Astragalus microcephalus, Astragalus aureus, Juniperus polycarpos, Rhamnus pallasii, Atraphaxis spinosa, Acantholimon bracteatum, Rhus coriaria, Acer ibericum, Lonicera iberica, Prangos ferulacea, Thymus kotschyanus etc. The frigana units dominate the region's vegetation. The mountainous xerophyte vegetation encompasses strongly torn by relief, rocky slopes, and talus of the territory of the mountains. The continentalization of the climate after the glacial era, as well as the advent of anthropogenic activity, appears to be effective in expanding the range of vegetation. Although skeleton is the only plant bitumen in the rocky slopes, it is important to protect the dive lining of the slopes along the slopes and to prevent the wash away and spoilage residues.

scholarly journals Effect of fire on a monodominant floating mat of Cyperus giganteus Vahl in a neotropical wetland

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rocha ◽  
CC. Santos Júnior ◽  
GA. Damasceno-Júnior ◽  
VJ. Pott ◽  
A. Pott
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Characteristic Species ◽  
Cyperus Giganteus ◽  
Pantanal Wetland ◽  
Floating Mat ◽  
Adult Plants

The rhizomatous Cyperus giganteus, abundant in the Pantanal wetland, can dominate extense floodable areas as monodominant communities. The Jacadigo lake has a large area of C. giganteus, where we performed an evaluation on community structure during two months in 2010, before it was hit by a wildfire which top-killed the vegetation, compared to ten months post-fire. We utilized 40 plots of 1m × 1m, along permanent trails, assessing two strata: the upper, near the inflorescence of adult plants, and the lower, close to the water level. Our results show that fire does not affect dominance of C. giganteus, as it maintained the same cover as before fire; species richness is not much altered either - 28 before fire and 34 thereafter. Fire changed the floristic composition, due to the annual variation of species and the ability of some plants to colonize gaps and to regrow after fire from underground organs and seeds. The stratification of the vegetation with characteristic species of upper and lower strata was similar after fire.

Subsidence in the European Area

1934 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
R. G. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Outer Layer ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dense Layer ◽  
Total Thickness ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
European Area ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Granitic Layer ◽  
Sedimentary Layer

The structure of the earth was supposed by Suess to be tripartite, there was an outer layer of rocks mainly granitic, the sal, or sial as it is usually now called. This rested, or “floated”, on a dense layer called the sima, of basaltic character, within which was the earth’s core, or nife, metallic in nature. Such a simple conception has been modified in the light of later knowledge: geologically there is much evidence pointing to the existence of several shells of increasing density within the crust. This is to some extent supported by the evidence of seismology, the layers below the upper sedimentary layer being the Granitic, the Intermediate (of tachylyte or diorite) and Lower Layers (dunite, peridotite, or eclogite) (1). According to the latest information there are four layers intermediate between the granitic and lower layers: the thickness of the sedimentary layer varies from about 2 to 6 kilometres in mountainous regions: the thickness of the granitic layer varies, being about 10 to 12 kilometres in Central Europe. In low-lying regions the total thickness of these two layers is probably about 6 kilometres less than in mountainous regions: “the thicknesses of the other layers are very difficult to determine; the upper two probably have together a thickness of about 15 kilometres, but the others can hardly be determined from the observations” (2).

Are mesic communities less drought-resistant? A study on moisture relationships in dry sclerophyll forest at Inglewood, South Australia

1962 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
HA Martin ◽  
RL Specht
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Sclerophyll Forest ◽  
Characteristic Species ◽  
Drought Resistant ◽  
Soil Moisture Reserves

Soil moisture changes under two adjacent forest associations (Eucalyptus obliqua association in the more mesic environment, E. elaeophora association in the more xeric sites) were recorded in the Inglewood area of the Mount Lofty Ranges, South Australia. The evidence indicated that the E. obliqua association had a higher index of evapotranspiration (Itr = Etr/Ew0.75) over most of the range of available water (soil moisture + rainfall) than the E. elaeophora association. The more mesic association consequently completely exhausted the stored soil moisture during periods of low rainfall and had to survive a drought period every year. The other association did not deplete the soil moisture reserves and in an average year, no drought occurred. Characteristic species of the more mesic association must be able to survive this drought period especially during the seedling stage.

scholarly journals Survey of the Aphid Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Costa Rica with Information on Their Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea): Plant Associations

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Zamora Mejías ◽  
Paul E. Hanson ◽  
Petr Starý
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Exotic Species ◽  
Central America ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lysiphlebus Testaceipes ◽  
Aphidius Colemani ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Aphid Parasitoids

Species of Aphidiinae (Braconidae) have never been surveyed in Central America. Here we present the results of an initial inventory of the aphidiine species of Costa Rica and record the presence of ten species (four undetermined), in six genera. The material was obtained by rearing aphids from both crop and noncrop plants throughout the country. In total 2832 aphidiine specimens were reared from 24 species of aphids.Aphidius colemaniandLysiphlebus testaceipes, which are probably not native to Costa Rica, accounted for nearly 90% of all the specimens. Many of the other aphidiines are also probably exotic species, as are most of their host aphids.

OBSERVATIONS ON THE CHIRONOMIDAE (DIPTERA) INHABITING THE LEAF AXILS OF TWO SPECIES OF BROMELIACEAE ON ST. JOHN, U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS

1971 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Virgin Islands ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Dry Areas

AbstractOn St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands, the leaf axils of two species of Bromeliaceae were sampled for dipterous larvae. One half of the collections were made from the axils of Tillandsia utriculata, restricted almost entirely to the dry, coastal portions of the island, and the other half from Aechmea lingulata, found in the moist mountainous regions. Three species of Chironomidae, representing three subfamilies, and five other families of nematocerous larvae were found. Though species of Diptera were found throughout the island, the Chironomidae and Ceratopogonidae were restricted to the dry areas, and the Culicidae were found predominantly in Aechmea lingulata, on Bordeaux Mountain.

scholarly journals “THE LAWYER MONOPOLY” SHOULD IT BE MOVED?

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Period ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One ◽  
Representation Of Interests ◽  
Autonomous Republic

The article deals with the debate on the so-called “lawyer monopoly” on representation of interests in court. The Law of Ukraine "On Amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine (on Justice)" adopted on June 2016, dated June 2, 2016, No. 1401-VIII literally divided the legal community into two camps: "for" and "against" the so-called "monopoly of the Bar". It should not be denied that both supporters of this reform and its opponents have strong arguments in favor of their beliefs. In the last four years, both camps have made new arguments in support of their point of view. But every year, since the passage of the aforementioned law, calls for change have become louder. This is due to the fact that, on the one hand, the aforementioned law introduced a gradual transition to representation in all judicial instances only by a lawyer and a prosecutor, and on the other, by the fact that the proposal to exclude the rule of “lawyer monopoly” from the Constitution of Ukraine was one of the first bills of President Vladimir Zelensky. Several steps have now been taken to abolish this "monopoly" but the whole path has not yet been completed. Thus, from January 1, 2020 the Law of Ukraine 390-IX “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on Expanding the Possibilities of Self-Representation in the Court of State Authorities, Bodies of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Local Self-Government Bodies and Other Legal Entities, Whatever Their Order, came into force creation ”, but the bill announced by the President No. 1013 of 29.08.2019 still remains within the walls of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. This leads to some contradictions and inconsistencies in court cases regarding who can participate in litigation. In the article the author highlights the advantages and disadvantages of "lawyer's monopoly", as well as the problematic issues of the so-called transition period.

scholarly journals Species of the genus Epilobium (Onagraceae) in plant communities in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-22
Author(s):  
M.M. Fedoronchuk ◽  
◽  
N.B. Klimovych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Vegetation Development ◽  
Characteristic Species ◽  
New Habitats ◽  
Class E

To assess the coenotic peculiarities of species of the genus Epilobium (Onagraceae), in particular their coenotic amplitudes in the syntaxa of vegetation of Ukraine, 986 relevés from literature sources were analyzed. The names of syntaxa are provided in accordance with the Prodromus of the vegetation of Ukraine. Species of the genus Epilobium are widely represented in many plant communities and participate in the formation of natural, semi-natural and ruderal coenoses, where they are often diagnostic or characteristic species of associations, alliances, orders and classes of vegetation, or only present in their floristic composition. Epilobium species are present in 28 classes, which is evidence of their broad coenotic amplitudes and representation in different vegetation types: wetland, grassland, halophytic, forest, shrubs, chasmophytic, alpine, and anthropogenic (synanthropic). The widest coenotic amplitudes were revealed in such species as: E. hirsutum, E. palustre, E. angustifolium, E. parviflorum, E. tetragonum, E. montanum, E. alsinifolium, and E. collinum. According to the range of coenotic amplitude, all species can be subdivided into three groups: hemistenotopic, which occur within one class (E. adenocaulon, E. dodonaei, E. lamyi, E. nutans), hemi-eurytopic (within two or three classes) – E. alpestre, E. roseum, and eurytopic (within more than three classes) – E. alsinifolium, E. angustifolium, E. collinum, E. hirsutum, E. montanum, E. palustre, E. parviflorum, E. tetragonum. As for participation of species in the coenosis, the vast majority of them are assectators, and only a small portion can be temporary edificators (in some groups, at certain successive stages of vegetation development: E. angustifolium). Plants of Epilobium species can reproduce rapidly, both vegetatively and by seeds, which promotes their active colonization of new habitats. However, they usually do not tolerate increased shading and coenotic competition with other plant species, so their strategy is mainly ruderal.

scholarly journals HIGH NATURE VALUE GRASSLANDS FROM ARRHENATHERION ALLIANCE IDENTIFIED IN MUREŞ COUNTY

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Silvia Oroian ◽  
Mihaela Samarghitan ◽  
MARIANA Hiritiu ◽  
SANDA Cosarca ◽  
CORNELIU Tanase
Keyword(s):  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Hay Meadows ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Current State ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Value ◽  
Forage Value ◽  
Sanguisorba Officinalis

Arrhenatherion alliance meadows are recognized to be among the best pastures in our country due to high productivity and good nutrition value. The research was conducted in several areas of Mures County. The studied grasslands were classified into two types of Natura 2000 habitats: 6510 Lowland hay meadows (Alopecurus pratensis, Sanguisorba officinalis) and 6520 Mountain hay meadows. The identified phytocoenosis belong to two plant associations: Arrhenatheretum elatioris Br.-Bl. Ex Scherrer 1925 and Poo Trisetetum flavescentis (Knapp 1951) Oberd. 1957. The analysis of data collected in the field reveals that the current state of conservation of the two types of habitat is good and very good. Habitats in a good and very good state of preservation is distinguish by a great floristic composition: approx. 100-150 cormophyte species with good and very good forage value. As habitats are more susceptible to the management applied and any changes to land use can affect habitat quality (eg abandoning  mowing and turning the land into pasture), the ecological functions of this habitat will be satisfied as long as they are mowed after Poaceae species matured.

scholarly journals Long-Term Changes in the Composition, Ecology, and Structure of Pinus mugo Scrubs in the Apennines (Italy)

Diversity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Calabrese ◽  
Maria Carranza ◽  
Alberto Evangelista ◽  
Marco Marchetti ◽  
Adriano Stinca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Detrended Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
Arid Grasslands

Mountain ecosystems are vulnerable because of land-use and climate change. In this study, we performed a re-visitation study using historical and newly collected vegetation plots to explore the primary trends in the floristic, ecological, and structural features of Mediterranean Pinus mugo krummholz over past decades. The plant community composition over time (1992 vs. 2016–17) was analyzed by a detrended correspondence analysis followed by a statistical comparison of time steps and an analysis of the contribution of each species to temporal differences. Ecological and structural changes were analyzed by a permutational multivariate analysis of variance followed by a post hoc comparison. We observed relevant changes in the floristic composition, structure, and ecological characteristics of Pinus mugo scrub. Some subalpine and treeline species that characterize the early stages of Pinus mugo succession declined as several warm-adapted species increased. Furthermore, these changes were most likely due to the natural evolution of high-mountain krummholz combined with a thermophilization process occurring in alpine habitats. In contrast, a small group of cold-adapted species also increased, probably because the patchy spatial pattern of Pinus mugo scrubs gives rise to “mesic patches” in a matrix of arid grasslands. The re-visitation approach adopted for long-term analysis in this study can potentially be applied to other mountainous regions to better understand long-term ecological changes in high alpine vegetation.

To Russia with love

Focaal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (70) ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Demant Frederiksen
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Online Dating ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Port City ◽  
The West ◽  
Geographical Mobility ◽  
Regional Center ◽  
Autonomous Republic ◽  
Gain Access

Among young unemployed or underemployed men in the port city of Batumi, the regional center of the Autonomous Republic of Ajara in Georgia, the Black Sea is a social and imaginary horizon that signifies both geographical mobility and confinement. Since Georgia gained independence, Batumi went from being a Soviet borderland to being an opening to the West. However, due to visa regulations, “the West”—and the opportunities associated with it—has long been limited to the other Black Sea countries of Turkey and Ukraine. Following the August 2008 war, Russia, although being a much more desirable destination, became out of reach for the majority of these men. Through the notions of social and geographical horizons, this article argues that the young men, despite their sense of confinement, manage to forge alternative connections to Russia via Internet sites, where the online dating of Russian women was used as a means to gain access to Russia via marriage.

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