scholarly journals Isolation of Food-Borne Microorganisms from Atlantic Mackerel and Disinfection of the Raw Fish by Radiation, Low Temperature and Combination Treatments

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
Manik Hossain ◽  
M Kamruzzaman Munshi ◽  
Rasheda Yasmin Shilpi ◽  
Harun Or-Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Frozen Storage ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Faecal Coliform ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Combination Treatments

An investigation was undertaken for the isolation and identification of fish-borne microorganisms from mackerel fish (Scomberomorus guttatus) collected from Savar Bazar. Radiation, low temperature (-20°C) and combination treatments were then applied for the decontamination of associated organisms. The ranges of total viable bacterial count, total coliform count, total faecal coliform count and total staphylococcal count varied from 6.5 x 104 to 1.04 x 105, 2 x 102 to 4.0 x 102, 0 to 1 x 102 and 4.4 x 104 to 3.8 x 104 cfu/g respectively, while the total fungal count was nil. Sixty-four bacterial isolates were identified including Staphylococcus (19%), Micrococcus (11%), Enterobacter (8%), Klebsiella (17%), Bacillus (19%), Escherichia (17%) and Pseudomonas (9%). To disinfect the microorganisms, the samples were irradiated at different doses (0-10.0 kGy) of gamma irradiation. Total coliform and total faecal coliform bacteria were inactivated below the detectable level at 2.5 kGy of irradiation. The number of total viable bacteria decreased by three logs when irradiated at 5.0 kGy and the number of Staphylococcus bacteria were eliminated completely after the irradiation dose of 5.0 kGy. During frozen storage, the total viable bacterial counts were gradually declined in all the samples. After six months of storage the bacterial counts were decreased about one log in all of the samples. It has been observed that combination treatments (irradiation and freezing) are more effective than the single treatment for eliminating the fish-borne bacteria. Keywords: Mackerel fish; Microbial contamination; Irradiation; Low temperatureDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v25i2.4871 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 25, Number 2, December 2008, pp 105-109

scholarly journals Effects of frozen storage, radiation and their combined Treatments on microorganisms of freshwater mola fish Amblypharyngodon mola

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mansurul Haque ◽  
MG Sorrowar ◽  
Harun Ur Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Frozen Storage ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Faecal Coliform ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Combined Treatments ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Coliform Count

The study revealed that the total viable bacterial count, staphylococcal count, coliform count, faecal coliform count, Aeromonas count and total fungal counts varied from 8.8×107 to 1.27×108, 2.7×106 to 4.2×106, 9.0×104 to 1.03×105, 4.8×105 to 7.3×105, 2.7×105 to 5.0×105 and 1.6×103 to 3.5×103 cfu/gm, respectively. Seventy six bacterial strains were isolated and identified, where Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus varians, Aeromonas hydrophila, Klebsiella ozaenae, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Bacillus megaterium, Klebsiella edwardsii, Pseudomonas aerugenosa and Micrococcus radiodurans were 16 (21.06%), 11 (14.47%), 9 (11.82%), 6 (7.89%), 6 (7.89%), 8 (10.53%), 6 (7.89%), 4 (5.26%), 7 (9.21%) and 3 ( 3.95% ), respectively. Total coliform, faecal coliform, Aeromonas bacteria and total fungi were found to be totally inactivated by the irradiation dose of 2.5 kGy onwards and total viable bacteria and staphylococcal bacteria were eliminated completely at the irradiation dose of 7.5 kGy. The bacterial counts were shown to be gradually decreased in all the samples from initial to final storage. The combined treatments were found more effective than that of the single treatment for reducing or eliminating the associated bacteria. The moisture contents of the studied fish were found nearly similar during initial and final storage periods and also at different radiation doses but the total protein contents decreased during final storage period and also at different radiation doses. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v37i1.15677 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 37, No. 1, 21-31, 2013

scholarly journals Microbial evaluation of some kinds of canned milk available in the markets of Al-Diwaniya city

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
H. H. H. H. Al-Fattly
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
High Bacterial Count

This study aimed to compare bacterial contamination indicators such as (total bacterial count, total coliform count and faecal coliform count) for some canned milk belonging to different origins (Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Kuwait, and Saudi) available in the markets of aDiwaniya city, in comparison with standards parameters and determine the validity of these products for human consumption. Through the results of the current study observed that Kuwaiti canned milk was a high bacterial count (62 × 10 ^ 4)CFU\ml, followed by Syrian canned milk (54 × 10^ 4) CFU\ml and Jordan milk (52 × 10 ^ 4) CFU\ml and Saudi milk with bacterial content (53 × 10 ^ 4) CFU\ml, (51 × 10 ^ 4) CFU\ml and (50 × 10 ^ 4) CFU\ml, respectively, to three types of Saudi canned milk, as for the Iraqi local milk has the amount of bacterial count (42× 10 ^ 4) CFU\ml. Isolation and Identification of contaminated bacteria include (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus spp., Klebsiella. pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Through these indicators, the samples of imported milk was above the standard level of contamination and therefore out the standard of health, either the local milk it contains a less proportion of contamination from the importer, this was due to being produced locally and thus the short period of storage and quick access to the consumer

scholarly journals Enumeration of Total and Faecal Coliform Bacteria in Drinking Water of Khairpur City

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Hussain Shar ◽  
Yasmeen F Kazi ◽  
Miandad Zardari ◽  
Irshad Hussain Soomro
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Faecal Coliform ◽  
World Health ◽  
Source Distribution ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Health Organization

Total coliform (TC) and faecal coliform (FC) bacteria were analyzed in drinking water of Khairpur city. Ninty samples were collected from main reservoir (source), distribution line and consumer taps. pH and residual chlorine of water samples were also determined. For bacteriological analysis inductively membrane filtration (MF) method was used for total coliform (TC) as well as faecal (FC) coliform bacteria. All samples were found contaminated with total coliform (TC) and faecal coliform (FC) and the counts were higher than the maximum microbial contaminant level (MMCL) established by World Health Organization (WHO). It was observed that pH was within the limits of WHO standard (6.5-8.5). The residual chlorine was not detected in any sample of drinking water. Bacteriologically the water quality of the drinking water is unsatisfactory.Keywords: Coliform, Escherichia coli, Water quality, Contamination, SanitationDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i2.1266

scholarly journals Microbiological Profile of the Traditionally Collected Industrial Raw Milk from the Milk Pocket Zones of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gouranga C Chanda ◽  
Gazi M Noor Uddin ◽  
Aparna Deb ◽  
Tahmina Bilkis ◽  
Sharmin Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Standard Plate Count ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Standard Plate ◽  
Viable Bacteria

The study was aimed to evaluate the bacteriological profile of the traditionally collected industrial raw milk from the milk pocket zones of Bangladesh. About 365 raw milk samples were collected from the milk tanker, who brought raw milk from the mother chilling centre where raw milk was chilled at 4°C following traditional method. All milk samples were subjected to perform standard plate count and total coliform count. The average standard plate count was found to be 4.37 x 106 cfu/ml and the highest occurrence of standard plate count was found to be 6.70 x 106 cfu/ml in October and the lowest (3.28 x 106 cfu/ml) in March. The highest occurrence of total viable bacteria was found to be 5.64 x 106 cfu/ml in autumn and the lowest was found to be 3.78 x 106 cfu/ml in summer. On the other hand, the average of the coliform bacterial count was found to be 3.88 x 105 cfu/ml with the highest (5.70 x 105 cfu/ml) occurrence in May and the lowest (1.90 x 105 cfu/ml) in January. Moreover, the highest occurrence of coliform count was found to be 4.84 x 105 cfu/ml in rainy season and the lowest was 2.75 x 105 cfu/ml found in winter.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v25i1.4849 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 25, Number 1, June 2008, pp 17-20

scholarly journals The health-related microbiological quality of bottled drinking water sold in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel R. Kassenga
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Faecal Coliform ◽  
Coliform Bacteria

The consumption of bottled and plastic-bagged drinking water in Tanzania has increased largely because of the deteriorating quality of tap water. It is uncertain whether these water products are safe for drinking. In this study, the microbiological quality of bottled and plastic-bagged drinking water sold in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, was investigated. One hundred and thirty samples representing 13 brands of bottled water collected from shops, supermarkets and street vendors were analysed for total coliform and faecal coliform organisms as well as heterotrophic bacteria. These were compared with 61 samples of tap water. Heterotrophic bacteria were detected in 92% of the bottled water samples analysed. Total and faecal coliform bacteria were present in 4.6% and 3.6%, respectively, of samples analysed with a tendency for higher contamination rates in plastic-bagged drinking water. Microbiological quality of tap water was found to be worse compared with bottled water, with 49.2% and 26.2% of sampling points showing the presence of total coliform and faecal coliform organisms, respectively. The results suggest caution and vigilance to avert outbreaks of waterborne diseases from these types of drinking water.

scholarly journals Bacteriological quality of water in private wells and boreholes in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Adi Agyo ◽  
Raph Agbo Ofukwu ◽  
Anthony Ekle J. Okoh ◽  
Charity A. Agada
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
World Health ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Private Wells

Aim: This study aimed at examined the presence of coliform bacteria in private wells and boreholes (BH) in peri-urban areas of Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria, using the approaches of most probable number (MPN) index and coliform count. Materials and Methods: Seven hundred and sixty-eight water samples were randomly collected during a 1-year period from non-cased wells, burn brick cased wells (BBW), concrete cased wells, and BH in four locations; A, B, C, and D during the wet and dry seasons. One liter of water was obtained from each well at every visit to the four sites, and eight water samples were collected from each visit. The samples were analyzed using multiple tube fermentation methods and pour plate techniques to determine the MPN of coliform/100 ml of water, reading from the MPN statistics table. Results: One-way analysis of variance statistics was applied using Duncan's new multiple range test to separate the means where there was a significant difference. The result revealed that the MPN index and total coliform counts in all the wells in the locations were above the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limit for potable water. The highest MPN index of 54.807 was recorded in Location A and followed by 42.679 in Location B. The MPN index in Locations C and D was 36.740 and 30.943, respectively. There was significantly (p=0.000) higher total coliform count in the wet season (41.48±7.09) than in the dry season (38.33±2.83). Conclusion: This study shows the presence of coliform bacteria isolates in all the wells and BH that exceeded the WHO permissible limits for drinking water. The water from these sources is unsafe for drinking except after dosing with appropriate germicides. Sensitization of the population on the actions they can take to make the water safe for domestic use is suggested.

scholarly journals Identification of Microbial Contamination Sources in Distilled Spirits

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ancuța ROTAR ◽  
Cristina Anamaria SEMENIUC ◽  
Elena MUDURA ◽  
Teodora COLDEA ◽  
Carmen LAZÄ‚R POP
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
High Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Content ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Distilled Spirits ◽  
Total Yeast

Due to their high alcohol content, distilled spirits are not susceptible to microbial contamination. Because moulds were found in samples of vodka and spirit drinks, the present study was conducted to identify the sources of microbial contamination during the manufacturing process. Total bacterial count (TBC), total yeast and mould count (TYMC) and total coliform count (TCC) were determined in water and from different processing area surfaces, TBC and TYMC in the air of processing areas and TYMC in distilled spirits samples. The source of microbial contamination of distilled spirits was microaeroflora from processing areas.

scholarly journals Bacteriological Quality Analysis of Water in Storage Tanks in A University Community, South Southern - Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Ofonime M. Ogba ◽  
Oluwayemisi A. Olorode ◽  
Mary P. Okon ◽  
Nse O. Umoh
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Nutrient Agar ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Filtration Method ◽  
Coliform Count

The use of unsafe water supplies and microbial contaminated water may pose serious health challenge to users. The aim of the study was to determine the level of bacterial contamination of the various water sources and the suitability for human use and consumption in University of Calabar Community, Nigeria. A total of 30 water samples were obtained from the University storage tanks and analysed for the presence of bacteria. The level of feacal coliform count, total coliform count and heterotrophic bacterial count was analysed using membrane filtration method and standard culture method on a differential and selective media. The samples were cultured on MacConkey and Nutrient agar. The isolates obtained from the above media were subcultured into slants of nutrient agar. Isolates were subjected to Gram staining and biochemical tests. The feacal coliform, Escherichia coli was isolated from all the water samples. Total coliform counts ranged from 1cfu/ml - 92cfu/ml while total heterotrophic bacterial count ranged from 1cfu/ml to 161cfu/ml. The bacteria species isolated were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus species, Enterobacter aerogenes, Coagulase negative Staphylococcus, Proteus species, Lactobacillus species and Listeria species. The results obtained from this study have shown high level of bacterial load which makes the water unsuitable for human consumption. Further treatment may be needed as the bacteria isolates from the water samples point to feacal contamination which may be due to inadequate treatment of water, contamination while in the storage tanks or passage through contaminated pipes supplying the community. The consumers may be at high risks of enteric bacterial infections.

MICROBIOLOGICAL, CHEMICAL, AND ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FROZEN BREADED RAW SHRIMP1,2

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 253-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Vanderzant ◽  
A. W. Matthys ◽  
B. F. Cobb
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Frozen Storage ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
Frozen Shrimp ◽  
Raw Shrimp

Thirty percent of the samples of fresh or frozen shrimp received for processing into breaded shrimp had bacterial counts in excess of 106/g. The bacterial counts of 56% of plant processed samples of frozen breaded raw shrimp exceeded 106/g. Counts with plate incubation at 7 or 25 C were significantly higher than at 35 C. Little relationship existed between aerobic plate counts and coliform or enterococcal counts. Neither Salmonella nor Vibrio parahaemolyticus was isolated from plant processed samples. Frozen storage of breaded shrimp for 3 to 12 months caused minor reductions in aerobic plate count and coliform count and only minor changes in trimethylamine nitrogen (TMN), total volatile nitrogen (TVN), and odor scores. When frozen breaded raw shrimp were exposed to elevated temperatures (0–10 C) increases in count occurred at 0 C after 3–5 days, at 5.5 C after 2–3 days, and at 10 C after 1–2 days. Coliform bacteria increased at 5.5 C, Escherichia coli and enterococci at 10 C. In samples held at 0–10 C, marked increases in TMN and TVN and decreases in pH value occurred when bacterial counts had increased sharply and when off-odors became noticeable. Gram-positive forms, Bacillus, Microbacterium, Micrococcus, and coryneform bacteria were predominant in retail samples. Many of these samples showed evidence of repeated thawing and freezing. Of the retail samples, 52% had aerobic plate counts of 106/g or higher.

scholarly journals Environmental Contaminants in Hospital Settings and Progress in Disinfecting Techniques

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Messina ◽  
Emma Ceriale ◽  
Daniele Lenzi ◽  
Sandra Burgassi ◽  
Elena Azzolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Count ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Hospital Units ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Medical devices, such as stethoscopes, and other objects found in hospital, such as computer keyboards and telephone handsets, may be reservoirs of bacteria for healthcare-associated infections. In this cross-over study involving an Italian teaching hospital we evaluated microbial contamination (total bacterial count (TBC) at 36°C/22°C,Staphylococcusspp., moulds,Enterococcusspp.,Pseudomonasspp.,E. coli, total coliform bacteria,Acinetobacterspp., andClostridium difficile) of these devices before and after cleaning and differences in contamination between hospital units and between stethoscopes and keyboards plus handsets. We analysed 37 telephone handsets, 27 computer keyboards, and 35 stethoscopes, comparing their contamination in four hospital units. Wilcoxon signed-rank and Mann-Whitney tests were used. Before cleaning, many samples were positive forStaphylococcusspp. and coliforms. After cleaning, CFUs decreased to zero in most comparisons. The first aid unit had the highest and intensive care the lowest contamination (P<0.01). Keyboards and handsets had higher TBC at 22°C (P=0.046) and mould contamination (P=0.002) than stethoscopes. Healthcare professionals should disinfect stethoscopes and other possible sources of bacterial healthcare-associated infections. The cleaning technique used was effective in reducing bacterial contamination. Units with high patient turnover, such as first aid, should practise stricter hygiene.

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