scholarly journals Identification of Microbial Contamination Sources in Distilled Spirits

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ancuța ROTAR ◽  
Cristina Anamaria SEMENIUC ◽  
Elena MUDURA ◽  
Teodora COLDEA ◽  
Carmen LAZÄ‚R POP
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
High Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Content ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Distilled Spirits ◽  
Total Yeast

Due to their high alcohol content, distilled spirits are not susceptible to microbial contamination. Because moulds were found in samples of vodka and spirit drinks, the present study was conducted to identify the sources of microbial contamination during the manufacturing process. Total bacterial count (TBC), total yeast and mould count (TYMC) and total coliform count (TCC) were determined in water and from different processing area surfaces, TBC and TYMC in the air of processing areas and TYMC in distilled spirits samples. The source of microbial contamination of distilled spirits was microaeroflora from processing areas.

Spatial Assessment of Public Water Supplies in Densely Populated Areas of Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeri

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T O Agbabiaka
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Faecal Coliform Count

Water samples collected from public tap supplies at densely populated areas within Ilorin metropolis were analyzed for potability and safety. The study covered a period of twenty-four months. Physicochemical parameters such as pH, turbidity, residual chlorine, colour, suspended solids and total hardness were determined. The pH of the samples ranged from 7.0 - 7.90 while the range for residual chlorine was 0.5 - 10 mg/l. The suspended solids and total hardness ranged from 0.79 - 46.0 mg/l and 7.0 - 34mg/l respectively. Turbidity of the samples ranged from 0 – 5 NTU, while the colour range was 0 - 5 HU and temperature range was 21 - 300C. The results show that only four (20%) of the twenty samples were potable and free from pathogens while Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp. , Salmonella sp. , Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigellla sp. and Enterobacter aerogenes were detected in sixteen (80%) of the samples. The viable total bacterial count ranged between 0.00 – 2.6 x 102 cfu/ml, total coliform count ranged from 0 – 75 MPN/100ml while faecal coliform count ranged from 0.00 – 2.3 x 102 cfu/ml. The presence of coliforms in the samples is indicative of faecal and non-faecal contamination along the supply network, which in some cases could be due to leaching from contaminated environment into corroded pipes along the distribution network used for conveying the treated water that passed through drainage system.

scholarly journals Microbial evaluation of some kinds of canned milk available in the markets of Al-Diwaniya city

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
H. H. H. H. Al-Fattly
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
High Bacterial Count

This study aimed to compare bacterial contamination indicators such as (total bacterial count, total coliform count and faecal coliform count) for some canned milk belonging to different origins (Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Kuwait, and Saudi) available in the markets of aDiwaniya city, in comparison with standards parameters and determine the validity of these products for human consumption. Through the results of the current study observed that Kuwaiti canned milk was a high bacterial count (62 × 10 ^ 4)CFU\ml, followed by Syrian canned milk (54 × 10^ 4) CFU\ml and Jordan milk (52 × 10 ^ 4) CFU\ml and Saudi milk with bacterial content (53 × 10 ^ 4) CFU\ml, (51 × 10 ^ 4) CFU\ml and (50 × 10 ^ 4) CFU\ml, respectively, to three types of Saudi canned milk, as for the Iraqi local milk has the amount of bacterial count (42× 10 ^ 4) CFU\ml. Isolation and Identification of contaminated bacteria include (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus spp., Klebsiella. pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Through these indicators, the samples of imported milk was above the standard level of contamination and therefore out the standard of health, either the local milk it contains a less proportion of contamination from the importer, this was due to being produced locally and thus the short period of storage and quick access to the consumer

Investigation of microbial contamination of Powdered Infant Formula during different storage periods after opening

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Khalid Al-atrash
Keyword(s):  
Infant Formula ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Powdered Infant Formula ◽  
Total Viable Count ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Significant Difference

The present study was carried out to knowing effect different storage periods of the microbial quality for the Powdered Infant Formula (PIF) after opening the tin, and ensuring from the safety note (after opening, use within 3 weeks). Thirty (30) samples of (PIF) from category (1 – 6 months) in five different types are collected from pharmacies and local markets in Baquba city / Iraq, which are used as substitutes for breast milk during the first day of opening the tin powders such as Total viable count, Total coliform count, Salmonella count and Yeast and Molds count. These experiments repeated at each week of same samples within (5) weeks. Results were obtained at opening the tin, Total viable count (less than 0.05 1.0 x 103 ±1.5x10 CFU/g) were significantly higher than Total Coliform count (less than 0.05 ± 0.3 x 10 CFU/g) and Total Salmonella count (less than 0.05 0 x 10 CFU/g) and Yeasts and Molds (less than 0.05 ± 0.3 x 10 CFU/g). while results obtained at fifth week were (less than 0.05 8.8 x 103 ±5.5x102 CFU/g), (less than 0.05 0.9 x 102 ± 0.4x101 CFU/g), (less than 0.05 0 x 10 CFU/g), (less than 0.05 9.5 x 10 ± 1.2x101 CFU /g) respectively. All samples of (PIF) having non-significant difference. These results compared to Iraqi Quality Standards (IQS), all the results from the opening samples to fifth week were within the range of IQS and USA Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and as indicates the hygienic condition of (PIF) without risk level for human health. also observed increase in microbial contamination in each week because increase the moisture content for powdered milk. Can be used more than 3 weeks after opening if stored in good conditions with good hygienic practices during milk preparation.

scholarly journals Impact of policy-induced structural change on milk quality: evidence from the Flemish dairy sector

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart Van der Straeten ◽  
Jeroen Buysse ◽  
Guido Van Huylenbroeck ◽  
Ludwig Lauwers
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Exchange Policy ◽  
The Impact

This paper uses a Markov chain model to analyse the dynamics in farm-size distribution among the Flemish dairy sector and the impact of quota policy regulation on such changes. The model predicts a decline of 24% in number of farms in 2014 compared with the current situation with a more liberal exchange policy and a decline of 18% with a restricted quota exchange policy. From these Markov chain model results, we analysed the impact of farm-size distribution on eight different milk quality parameters (total bacterial count, somatic cell count, coliform count, freezing point, urea-N, fat content and protein content and penalty-points). In general, larger farms produce higher quality milk than smaller farms, especially with respect to the microbiological parameters (total bacterial count, somatic cell count and coliform count). The change in farm-size distribution from a liberal quota exchange policy would decrease the average total bacterial count by 18·0%, the somatic cell count by 2·1% and the coliform count by 11·0%. The aggregate performance of the other parameters are smaller with improvements in all cases of <1%.

scholarly journals Impact of a disinfecting technique on microbial contamination of computer keyboards and telephone handsets

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Messina ◽  
Emma Ceriale ◽  
Sandra Burgassi ◽  
Carmela Russo ◽  
Chiara Defranceschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Health Care Associated Infections ◽  
Elastic Compound ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Background: Computers and telephones are ubiquitous in the hospital and have been shown to be contaminated with potentially pathogenic microorganism. The aim of the study was to determine microbial contamination on computer keyboards and telephone handsets and the effectiveness of a disinfecting technique (DT). Methods: A matched cross-over study, involving an overall of 50 computer keyboards and 50 telephone handsets, was conducted in three hospitals, located in the Local Health Area of Siena (Italy) before and after the use of an innovative DT consisting of a malleable-elastic compound, containing ethanol, which adheres to surfaces, removes dirt and disinfects. Total bacterial count was evaluated and several types of bacteria and fungi were researched pre- and post- use of the DT. Non parametric tests: Wilcoxon signed rank and Mann Whitney, were used, when appropriate. Results: The DT was effective in disinfecting the objects. In fact, Colony-Forming Units (CFUs) decreased to zero in most comparisons. All the comparisons showed significant differences (p<0.001) after the DT, both for computer keyboards and telephone handsets. The only exception was found for molds in telephones (p=0.062). Keyboards emerged to be dirtier than telephones handsets (p<0.05) for several types of bacteria. Conclusions: The data suggest that microbial contamination of keyboards and telephones is considerable. These objects can be a vehicle for Health Care-Associated Infections HAIs and their disinfection should not be neglected. The DT showed to be appropriate for the disinfecting purpose.

scholarly journals The Effect of Using Different Detergents in Cleaning Cows' Udders on The Microbial Content of Produced Milk

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Nizar Issa Alrabadi ◽  
Kamel I. Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Traditional Food ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Microbial Counts ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Microbial Analysis ◽  
Northern City

This study investigated the effect of different detergents used to clean cows' udders on the microbial content of the produced milk using twenty cows in Ajloun, a northern city in Jordan. The milking process was repeated from same cows on three successive days. On day 1, we milked the cows after cleaning their udders using water only. This was repeated on the two successive days. Thereafter, the cows were milked after cleaning their udders by a different detergent each day. The process was also repeated for three successive days for each detergent. Microbial Analysis was carried out on the collected milk samples. The results indicated that cleaning cows' udders before milking has improved the hygiene conditions and reduced the total bacterial count, total coliform, staphylococci and enterococci spp counts and the values of yeast and molds. Different detergents had different effects on the microbial counts. Finally, the effectiveness of the detergent differed according to its brand. Our findings are important to public health because milk has been a traditional food and ironically a very potent carrier of gastrointestinal infections, if contaminated.

scholarly journals Microbiological Profile of the Traditionally Collected Industrial Raw Milk from the Milk Pocket Zones of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gouranga C Chanda ◽  
Gazi M Noor Uddin ◽  
Aparna Deb ◽  
Tahmina Bilkis ◽  
Sharmin Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Standard Plate Count ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Standard Plate ◽  
Viable Bacteria

The study was aimed to evaluate the bacteriological profile of the traditionally collected industrial raw milk from the milk pocket zones of Bangladesh. About 365 raw milk samples were collected from the milk tanker, who brought raw milk from the mother chilling centre where raw milk was chilled at 4°C following traditional method. All milk samples were subjected to perform standard plate count and total coliform count. The average standard plate count was found to be 4.37 x 106 cfu/ml and the highest occurrence of standard plate count was found to be 6.70 x 106 cfu/ml in October and the lowest (3.28 x 106 cfu/ml) in March. The highest occurrence of total viable bacteria was found to be 5.64 x 106 cfu/ml in autumn and the lowest was found to be 3.78 x 106 cfu/ml in summer. On the other hand, the average of the coliform bacterial count was found to be 3.88 x 105 cfu/ml with the highest (5.70 x 105 cfu/ml) occurrence in May and the lowest (1.90 x 105 cfu/ml) in January. Moreover, the highest occurrence of coliform count was found to be 4.84 x 105 cfu/ml in rainy season and the lowest was 2.75 x 105 cfu/ml found in winter.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v25i1.4849 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 25, Number 1, June 2008, pp 17-20

scholarly journals Isolation of Food-Borne Microorganisms from Atlantic Mackerel and Disinfection of the Raw Fish by Radiation, Low Temperature and Combination Treatments

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
Manik Hossain ◽  
M Kamruzzaman Munshi ◽  
Rasheda Yasmin Shilpi ◽  
Harun Or-Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Frozen Storage ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Faecal Coliform ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Combination Treatments

An investigation was undertaken for the isolation and identification of fish-borne microorganisms from mackerel fish (Scomberomorus guttatus) collected from Savar Bazar. Radiation, low temperature (-20°C) and combination treatments were then applied for the decontamination of associated organisms. The ranges of total viable bacterial count, total coliform count, total faecal coliform count and total staphylococcal count varied from 6.5 x 104 to 1.04 x 105, 2 x 102 to 4.0 x 102, 0 to 1 x 102 and 4.4 x 104 to 3.8 x 104 cfu/g respectively, while the total fungal count was nil. Sixty-four bacterial isolates were identified including Staphylococcus (19%), Micrococcus (11%), Enterobacter (8%), Klebsiella (17%), Bacillus (19%), Escherichia (17%) and Pseudomonas (9%). To disinfect the microorganisms, the samples were irradiated at different doses (0-10.0 kGy) of gamma irradiation. Total coliform and total faecal coliform bacteria were inactivated below the detectable level at 2.5 kGy of irradiation. The number of total viable bacteria decreased by three logs when irradiated at 5.0 kGy and the number of Staphylococcus bacteria were eliminated completely after the irradiation dose of 5.0 kGy. During frozen storage, the total viable bacterial counts were gradually declined in all the samples. After six months of storage the bacterial counts were decreased about one log in all of the samples. It has been observed that combination treatments (irradiation and freezing) are more effective than the single treatment for eliminating the fish-borne bacteria. Keywords: Mackerel fish; Microbial contamination; Irradiation; Low temperatureDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v25i2.4871 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 25, Number 2, December 2008, pp 105-109

scholarly journals Contamination Levels and Identification of Bacteria in Milk Sampled from Three Regions of Tanzania: Evidence from Literature and Laboratory Analyses

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Msalya
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Listeria Ivanovii ◽  
Integrated Research ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Identification Of Bacteria ◽  
Handling Practices ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
First Time

Milk in Tanzania has been reported to be contaminated with large number of bacteria. This is because (1) milk is obtained from animals with unknown health status, (2) good milking and handling practices are to a large extent not observed, and (3) marketing and distribution are done in informal channels. These factors are potential causes of milk-borne diseases and milk quality loss. The aim of this study was to assess nutritional risks in milk as reported in literature over a period of 20 years and through analyses of samples collected during the present study. The issues highlighted in literature were high bacteria and coliform counts exceeding standard levels in East Africa, prevalence of bacteria and drug residues in milk, and adulteration. Based on performed analyses, total bacterial count1.0×107colony forming units per millilitre (cfu/ml) and total coliform count1.1×107 cfu/ml, also greater than recommended levels, were found. Ten bacteria types were isolated from milk samples (five,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Listeria monocytogenes,Listeria innocua,Listeria ivanovii, andKlebsiellaspp. are reported in Tanzanian for the first time). Two drugs tetracycline and sulphur were detected. Therefore, it is worth noting that integrated research is needed to evaluate the situation and address these challenges.

scholarly journals Assessment of Microbial Load in Water and Sediments of Rivers Otamiri and Nworie in Owerri, South Eastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-39
Author(s):  
Okere J. Kelechi ◽  
Azorji J. Nnawuike ◽  
Iheagwam S. Kelechi ◽  
Emeka J. Emmanuel ◽  
Nzenwa P. Odinaka
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Waste Dumps ◽  
Health Organization

Water pollution is a global problem. The study was carried out to assess the microbial constituents in water and sediment of Rivers Otamiri and Nworie during dry and rainy seasons (March and September, 2020) with comparison to WHO benchmark for drinking water .Samples were randomly collected at six (6) sampling points and analyzed using routine microbiological protocols.  The results revealed detectable amount of microbial activates in surface water of both rivers during the dry and rainy season. During the rainy season, a THB bioload average of 2.02x104 and 5.1x104CFU/mL for Nworie and Otamiri river respectively were measured. For the TCC, the average was 9.8x103 and 2.5x104 CFU/mL, while in the dry period there was corresponding reduction in the bioload value for both rivers. THB average value for Nworie river was 1.34x104 CFU/mL, with corresponding 3.5x104 values for Otamiri river, while in same inclination, TCC measured 6.1x103 and 1.8x104 CFU/mL. There were noteworthy variations in the values for the two rivers as well as in the two seasons. TBC value for Otamiri measured about 1.5 folds than the value for Nworie. In same trend, TCC value for Nworie measured about 39%. All values measured were above WHO permissible limit for drinking water. The biochemical and cultural features of the isolated microorganism in water showed the presence of E. coli identified in the entire stations (100%), Salmonella and faecal coliform occurred 83.3% each, while Vibrio and Shigella were detected in 4 of the 6 stations. The mean total bacterial count, total coliform count and total E. coli, were not in conformity with World Health Organization (WHO) Standard for drinking water and thus constitute a threat to the River; these were attributed to indiscriminate waste dumps around the rivers. The study underscores the need for adequate waste management system to forestall outbreak of pathogenic diseases in the area.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document