Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extract of Betel Leaf (Piper betle L.) Against Some Food Borne Pathogens

The ethanol extract of Betel leaf (Piper betle L.), an indigenous climber plant of Bangladesh was screened for its antibacterial activity against some foodborne pathogens viz. Vibrio cholerae ATCC 6395, E. coli ATCC 25922, E. coli O157:H7 NCTC 12049, Shigella dysenteriae-1 MJ-84 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Experimental findings revealed that the ethanol extract of betel leaves potentially inhibit the growth of these foodborne pathogens. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was ranged from 0.625% (w/v) to 0.75% (w/v). The ethanol extract of betel leaf showed the highest MIC values for E. coli ATCC 25922 (0.625 mm), Vibrio cholera ATCC 6395 (0.625 mm), and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (0.625 mm). It was revealed that the antibacterial activity was highest at around neutral pH and at moderate temperature. The highest temperature (100°C) and the pH (10.0) treated ethanol extract showed a little less activity than the maximum activity at moderate temperature and at neutral pH, suggesting that the ethanol extract of the betel leaf was to some extent high temperature and high pH tolerant. The ethanol extract of betel leaf might have a potential application as natural food preservative to improve the microbiological safety of the foods. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v28i2.11817 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 28, Number 2, December 2011, pp 58-63

Download Full-text

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF Samanea saman LEAF ETHANOL EXTRACT AGAINST Escherichia coli AND Staphylococcus aureus AND ITS TOTAL FLAVONOID AND PHENOLIC CONTENTS

Jurnal Kimia ◽

10.24843/jchem.2018.v12.i02.p05 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 121

Author(s):

W. S. Rita ◽

I M. D. Swantara ◽

I. A. R. Astiti Asih ◽

N.K. Sinarsih

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Total Flavonoid ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

E Coli ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Agar Disc ◽

Samanea Saman ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus

Antibacterial activity of Samanea saman usually shows a positif correlation to the flavonoid and phenolic contents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of Samanea saman against Escherechia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and determine the total flavonoid and phenolic contents of the extract. The extraction was done by ethanol 96% at room temperature. The antibacterial assay was conducted by agar disc diffusion method. The total flavonoid and phenolic contents were determined by UV-Vis Spectrofotometer with the standard of quersetin and galic acid, respectively. The extraction of 250 g of Samanea saman leaves resulted in 24.5 g of ethanol extracts. The ethanol extract showed a moderate inhibition of 8.33 mm towards E. coli and a strong inhibition of 13.6 mm towards S. aureus at the concentration of 4%. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the extract against E. coli and S.aureus were of 3% and 0.3%”, respectively. The total flavonoid and phenolic contents were successively 1233.2991 mg QE/100g and 2544.6154 mg GAE/100g. Keywords: Escherechia coli, flavonoid and phenolic content, Samanea saman, Staphylococcus aureus

Download Full-text

Antibacterial activity of leaves, flowers, and fruits extract of Etlingera elatior from Nagan Raya District, Indonesia against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d221039 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (10) ◽

Author(s):

ERNILASARI ERNILASARI ◽

KAMALLIANSYAH WALIL ◽

FITMAWATI FITMAWATI ◽

DEWI INDRIYANI ROSLIM ◽

ZUMAIDAR ZUMAIDAR ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Agents ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Fruit Extract ◽

E Coli ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Etlingera Elatior

Abstract. Ernilasari, Walil K, Fitmawati, Roslim DI, Zumaidar, Saudah, Rayhannisa. 2021. Antibacterial activity of leaves, flowers, and fruits extract of Etlingera elatior from Nagan Raya District, Indonesia against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Biodiversitas 22: 4457-4464. Etlingera elatior is a medicinal plant that has been used by people in Indonesia, especially Acehnese people. Based on its secondary metabolites, E. elatior can be used as antibacterial agents against Gram-positive and Gram-negative. However, to determine the antibacterial activity of E. elatior, the parts of E. elatior that have been used are leaves, flowers, and fruits. This study was aimed to determine the best concentration of ethanol extract of leaves, flowers, and fruits of E. elatior as an inhibitor against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The extract was made by the maceration method with 70% ethanol as a solvent. Antibacterial activity test was carried out by the diffusion agar method using concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%. The results showed that the fruit extract of E. elatior has antibacterial activity with an effective inhibitory zone at a concentration of 2% is 8.4 mm (E. coli) and 2.4 mm (S. aureus). Meanwhile, antibacterial activity the extract of leaves and flowers against E. elatior cannot determine yet. Identification of leaves, flowers and fruits extract of E. elatior using GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy) showed 56 compounds were detected.

Download Full-text

Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of the Crude Extract of Scent Leaf (Ocimum gratissimum) on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

Asian Plant Research Journal ◽

10.9734/aprj/2020/v5i230101 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

I. I. Hamma ◽

I. Y. Tafinta ◽

A. Abdulmalik ◽

J. Theophilus ◽

M. Abubakar

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

E Coli ◽

Ocimum Gratissimum ◽

Test Organisms ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus

Scent (Ocimum gratissimum) leaves are known for their medicinal values for a long. The study was carried out on phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of scent leaf extracts on E. coli and S. aureus. Antibacterial assay of the plant extracts was carried out on the test isolates, by inoculation on the surface of freshly gelled sterile nutrient agar plates by streaking using sterilized swab stick and the potent extracts was determined according to the macro broth dilution technique. Phytochemical screening of O. gratissimum leaves revealed the presence of steroids, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides and tannins in all the extracts. There was decreased in antibacterial activity with decreased in concentration of the extract as the concentration of the extract decreases from 200 – 25 mg/ml, the zones of inhibition also decreased from 20 to 11 mm (ethanol extract) and 17 – 10 mm (aqueous extract) for S. aureus; 19 – 10 mm (ethanol extract) and 15 – 8 mm (aqueous extract) for E. coli. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of O. gratissimum extracts against the selected clinical isolates revealed no growth (clear) in all the test organisms at the concentration of 200 mg/ml. Also, the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) showed no growth of bacterial colonies at the concentration of 200 mg/ml. It was observed from the study that ethanol and aqueous extracts exhibited high inhibitory activities on Escherichia coli a representative of enteric coliforms and Gram negative bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus a representative of Gram positive bacteria. Ethanolic extract had higher inhibition compared to the aqueous extract. This can be deduced to the ability of ethanol to extract more of the essential oils and secondary plant metabolites which are believed to exert antibacterial activity on the test organisms.

Download Full-text

Antibacterial Activities Test of Combination of Ethanolic Extract of Betel Leaves (Piper betle L.) and Basil Leaves (Ocimum basilicum L.) Against Staphylococcus aureus

SANITAS : Jurnal Teknologi dan Seni Kesehatan ◽

10.36525/sanitas.2018.13 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 118-126

Author(s):

Junie Suriawati ◽

Patimah Patimah ◽

Siti Rahayu Rachmawati

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Piper Betle ◽

Betel Leaf

Betel leaf extract and basil leaf extract contain phenol compounds, safonin, flavonoids, tannins, and essential oils that act as antibacterials. Skin is very susceptible to infection or other skin diseases one of which is caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This research needs to be done to test the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of green betel leaf, basil leaf and combination of both extracts to S. aureus. The process of extraction of betel leaf and basil leaves was done with 96% ethanol solvent using maceration method. The combinations used in the sample solution were the concentration of ethanol extract of green betel leaf (0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, 75%) and basil leaf extract (0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60 %, 75%). Furthermore, the antibacterial activity was tested for S. aureus with well diffusion method. The data obtained were tested statistically using Anova and Duncan's advanced test. The result of statistical analysis showed difference of drag zone (p <0,05) between various concentration of ethanol extract of green betel leaf, basil leaf and combination of both extracts to S. aureus. The smallest resin zone of ethanol extract of betel leaf and ethanol extract of basil leaves is at 0% concentration (S0 and K0) and highest at 75% concentration (S5 and K5). While the smallest zone of inhibition for the combination of ethanol extract of betel leaf and ethanol extract of basil leaves at concentration S0K0, S0K1 and S0K2 is 0 mm and highest at S5K5 concentration is 31,3 mm. The higher concentration of betel leaf extract, basil leaf extract and the combination of the two extracts, the inhibition of diameter zone will be better. It can be concluded that the combination of betel leaf extract and basil leaf extract has the ability to inhibit the growth of S. aureus better than single extract.

Download Full-text

Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Metanol Beberapa Jenis Porifera Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus

Jurnal MIPA ◽

10.35799/jm.3.2.2014.5989 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 129

Author(s):

Megawati S. Saroinsong ◽

Febby E. F. Kandou ◽

Adelfia Papu ◽

Marina F. O. Singkoh

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

E Coli ◽

Activity Test ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Paper Disc ◽

Coli Growth

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji daya hambat dari ekstrak metanol beberapa jenis porifera terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode Kirby-Bauer, yaitu dilakukan dengan mengukur zona hambat di sekeliling cakram kertas. Ekstrak Haliclona sp dapat menghambat pertumbuhan S. aureus pada konsentrasi ekstrak 30%, 60% dan 90% dengan hasil pengukuran diameter zona hambat 13.50 mm, 20.67 mm dan 27.33 mm; serta menghambat pertumbuhan E. coli dengan diameter zona hambat 10.08 mm, 12.83 mm dan 14.17 mm. Daya hambat ekstrak Agelas sp terhadap S. aureus menunjukkan diameter zona hambat 8.33 mm dan hanya menunjukkan pada konsentrasi ekstrak 90%, sementara daya hambat ekstrak Agelas sp pada konsentrasi 30%, 60% dan 90% terhadap E. coli menunjukkan diameter zona hambat sebesar 7.67 mm, 10.17 mm dan 14.17 mm. Daya hambat Spheciospongia sp terhadap S. aureus dan E. coli hanya terlihat pada konsentrasi ekstrak sebesar 90% dengan diameter zona hambat adalah 8.42 mm dan 8.75 mm. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak Haliclona sp memiliki potensi aktivitas antibakteri yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan obat antibiotik.This research aimed to test the inhibition capabilities of methanol extract from several kinds of Porifera on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus growth. The antibacterial activity test using the Kirby-Bauer method, which delivered by measuring the inhibition zone around paper disc. The extract of Haliclona sp can inhibit the S. aureus growth at 30%, 60% and 90% of extracts concentration with the measurement of inhibition zone diameters are 13.50 mm, 20.67 mm and 27.33 mm; also inhibit the E. coli growth with inhibition zone diameters are 10.08 mm, 12.83 mm and 14.17 mm. The inhibition capability of Agelas sp extract on S. aureus shows that the inhibition zone diameters is 8.83 mm and only appear at 90% of extracts concentration, meanwhile the inhibition capability of Agelas sp extract at concentration 30%, 60% and 90% on E. coli shows diameters of inhibition zone are 7.67 mm, 10.17 mm and 14.17 mm. The inhibition capability of Spheciospongia sp on S. aureus and E. coli only occurred at 90% of extracts concentration with inhibition zone diameters 8.42 mm and 8.75 mm. Based on the results, it can be assumed that extracts of Haliclona sp has a potential antibacterial activity that can be used as a basic ingredients for antibiotic medicine.

Download Full-text

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN TEMBELEKAN (Lantana camara Linn) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli

Biocelebes ◽

10.22487/bioceb.v15i2.15540 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 90-97

Author(s):

Gaby Maulida Nurdin

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Lantana Camara ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

E Coli ◽

Activity Test ◽

Growth Inhibitory ◽

One Way Anova

This study aimed to determine the effect of concentration ethanol extract from tembelakan leaf (Lantana camara Linn) on bacteria growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Extraction was done by maceration using ethanol 96% and then separated using rotary evaporator. Antibacterial activity test of the ethanol extract by Well agar diffusion method. Variation in crude extract saponin used in this study was 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and positive controls were used for comparison with Amoxicilin and Chloramphenicole concentration of 25 µg/mL and DMSO as a negative control. The results of antibacterial activity test is indicated by the formation of growth inhibitory region S. aureus and E. coli. The result of growth inhibitory regions was analyzed by One way ANOVA. One way ANOVA test results indicate that there are effects of ethanol extract concentration of tembelekan leaf (L. camara Linn) against S. aureus and E. coli. Effective concentration of ethanol extract tembelekan leaf (L. camara Linn) when compared with positive control to inhibit the growth of S. aureus and E. coli is at 25% with a relatively strong antibacterial activity. Test with phytochemicals screening method which is showed that tembelekan leaf contains the flavanoid, saponins, and tannins compounds as antibacterial

Download Full-text

The Antibacterial Activity Of Several Sponges From The Waters Of Tasik Ria Against Escherichia coli And Staphylococcus aureus bacteria

JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX ◽

10.35800/jip.7.1.2019.21435 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Abrianto A. O. Rompis ◽

Fitje Losung ◽

Deiske A. Sumilat ◽

Agung B. Windarto ◽

Stenly Wullur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Natural Compounds ◽

E Coli ◽

Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Positive Results ◽

Sponge Extract

The sponge is one of the sea organisms that has a prospect as a source of natural compounds including peptides, steroids, asetogenin, terpenoids, alkaloids, cyclic halide and nitrogen. This research was directed to obtain several species of sponges from the waters of Tasik Ria as well as testing the antibacterial activity of extracts from some of the sponge against the bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. From the identification, seven species of sponges were found, which consists of: Amphimedon sp., Axinosa sp., Aaptos sp., Theonella sp., Cribochalina sp., Hyrtios sp., and Lendenfeldia sp. The tests of antibacterial activity of the extracts from these sponges against test bacteria E. coli and S. aureus showed some positive results. Extract from Axinosa sp. sponge(16 mm) showed the strongest antibacterial activity on Escherichia coli bacteria. Followed by Hyrtios sp. extract (13.5 mm), Aaptos sp. extract (13 mm), Lendenfeldia sp. extract (13 mm) and Cribochalinai sp. extract(10.5 mm). While the the tests on Staphylococcus aureus bacteria showed that the strongest antibacterial activity was found from Axinosa sp. sponge extract (16.5 mm), followed by the extract from Aaptos sp. (15 mm), Lendenfeldia sp. extract (14.5 mm), Hyrtios sp. extract(13.5 mm) and Cribochalina sp. extract (11 mm).Keywords: Sponge, antibacterial, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus ABSTRAK Spons merupakan salah satu biota laut yang sangat prospektif sebagai sumber senyawa bahan-bahan alami antara lain peptide, terpenoid, steroid, asetogenin, alkaloid, halide siklik dan senyawa nitrogen. Penelitian ini diarahkan untuk mendapatkan beberapa spesies spons dari perairan Tasik Ria serta menguji aktivitas antibakteri dari beberapa ekstrak spons terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Hasil identifikasi spons ditemukan sebanyak tujuh spesies yang terdiri dari: Amphimedon sp., Axinosa sp., Aaptos sp., Theonella sp., Hyrtios sp., Cribochalina sp. dan Lendenfeldia sp.. Aktivitas antibakteri dari beberapa ekstrak spons terhadap bakteri uji E. coli dan S. aureus terdapat diameter zona hambat bervariasi yaitu bakteri Escherichia coli menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak spons terkuat pada spons Axinosa sp (16 mm), disusul ekstrak spons Hyrtios sp. (13,5 mm), ekstrak spons Aaptos sp. (13 mm), ekstrak spons Lendenfeldia sp. (13 mm) dan ekstrak spons Cribochalinai sp. (10,5 mm). Sedangkan pada bakteri Staphylococcus aureus menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak spons terkuat yaitu: ekstrak spons Axinosa sp. (16,5 mm), disusul ekstrak spons Aaptos sp. (15 mm), ekstrak spons Lendenfeldia sp. (14,5 mm), ekstrak spons Hyrtios sp. (13,5 mm) dan ekstrak spons Cribochalina sp.(11mm).Kata Kunci : Spons, Antibakteri, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus

Download Full-text

Hydrothermal Fabrication of Spindle-Shaped ZnO/Palygorskite Nanocomposites Using Nonionic Surfactant for Enhancement of Antibacterial Activity

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano9101453 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1453 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Aiping Hui ◽

Shuqing Dong ◽

Yuru Kang ◽

Yanmin Zhou ◽

Aiqin Wang

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Low Cost ◽

Ionic Surfactants ◽

E Coli ◽

Antibacterial Performance ◽

Good Antibacterial Activity ◽

Controllable Growth ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus

In order to improve the antibacterial performance of natural palygorskite, spindle-like ZnO/palygorskite (ZnO/PAL) nanocomposites with controllable growth of ZnO on the surface of PAL were prepared in the presence of non-ionic surfactants using an easy-to-operate hydrothermal method. The obtained ZnO/PAL nanocomposites have a novel and special spindle-shaped structure and good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and are also low cost. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of ZnO/PAL nanocomposites toward E. coli and S. aureus reached 1.5 and 5 mg/mL, respectively.

Download Full-text

Antibacterial Activity of Nanoparticles Produced by Ethanol Extract of Boesenbergia rotunda Rhizome Loaded with Chitosan and Alginic Acid Against Streptococcus mutans by In Vitro

International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology ◽

10.25258/ijddt.v7i03.9554 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (03) ◽

Author(s):

Sri Atun ◽

Sri Handayani ◽

Melia Aliffiana ◽

Hajar Nur Afifah ◽

Anna Rakhmawati

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Agent ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Alginic Acid ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

E Coli ◽

Crude Methanol Extract

The antibacterial activity of three Cupressaceae plants (Thujaoccidentalis,ThujaorientalisandChamaecyparisobtusa) was tested against three bacteria using the agar diffusion method. The ether and ethylacetate fraction of crude methanol extract from the three plants showed potent antibacterial activity against the tested microorganisms. The result showed that Staphylococcus aureus revealed the most sensitivity among the tested bacteria. Thujaoccidentalisether fraction and Thujaorientalis hexane fraction exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. E. coli was shown the highest MIC values compared to the other two tested bacteria, which indicates the lowest antibacterial activity against the bacterium. This study promises an interesting future for designing a potentially active antibacterial agent from the three Cupressaceae plants.

Download Full-text

Inhibition and Inactivation of Five Species of Foodborne Pathogens by Chitosan

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-55.11.916 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 55 (11) ◽

pp. 916-919 ◽

Cited By ~ 145

Author(s):

GUANG-HUA WANG

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Acetic Acid ◽

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Salmonella Typhimurium ◽

Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽

Foodborne Pathogens ◽

E Coli ◽

No Inhibition

Inhibition and inactivation of five species of foodborne pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Yersinia enterocolitica, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella typhimurium) by chitosan were studied. Nutrient broths were supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5% chitosan, adjusted to pH 6.5 or 5.5 with 2% acetic acid, and incubated at 30°C. The outgrowths of these bacteria were observed. At pH 6.5, in general, antibacterial activity of chitosan was relatively weak. The effectiveness of chitosan against S. aureus was greatest, followed by S. typhimurium, E. coli, and Y. enterocolitica. As the concentration of chitosan increased, the effectiveness of chitosan against these four species of pathogens also increased. No inhibition of L. monocytogenes by chitosan occurred. At pH 5.5, presence of chitosan inactivated these pathogens except that 0.5% chitosan did not affect the growth of S. typhimurium. Thus, the antibacterial activity of chitosan was stronger at pH 5.5 than at pH 6.5.

Download Full-text