scholarly journals Prevalence of Microalbuminuria and Overt Proteinuria in Hypertension and Their Relations with Renal Function in a Rural Population of Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANME Karim ◽  
D Das ◽  
M Salahuddin ◽  
GA Marjan ◽  
MN Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dipstick Test ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Urine Dipstick Test ◽  
Overt Proteinuria ◽  
Stage Renal Disease

Hypertension is the third leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Bangladesh. Microalbuminuria and overt proteinuria are the markers of the CKD. So detection of microalbuminuria and overt proteinuria in hypertensive subjects will help to identify the patient at risk of developing progressive renal impairment. This cross sectional study was carried out in a rural area of Bangladesh.1134 adult population (age between 18 and 65 years) were screened. A total of 217 (19.1%) were detected hypertensive; spot urine dipstick test was done among them. Those who where dipstick negative further studied for presence of microalbumin [ mg/L ]. Blood glucose level, serum creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were evaluated. A group of normotensive people (n=245) taken as comparison group. Microalbuminuria and overt proteinuria were present in 26.4% and 9.7% of the hypertensive subjects, respectively. Correlation between microalbuminuria and eGFR showed that two variables exhibited a tendency for negative relationship, although correlation was not statistically significant (P=0.186, r=-0.064). Overt proteinuric subjects showed no statistically significant deterioration of eGFR (81.6±21.1). Microalbuminuria and overt proteinuria are prevalent among the hypertensive rural Bangladeshi people. So early detection of microalbuminuria and overt proteinuria will help to prevent or delay the development of end stage renal disease. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmed.v24i2.18700 Bangladesh J Medicine 2013; 24 : 59-64

scholarly journals Evaluating the diagnostic value of nitrite test in comparison with U/S results in patients with urinary tract infection symptoms: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Hamid Zamani Moghadam ◽  
Fatemeh Maleki ◽  
Mohsen Ebrahimi ◽  
Mahdi Foroughian
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Dipstick Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Urine Dipstick ◽  
Urine Dipstick Test

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of nitrite test in comparison with urine culture (U/C) results in patients with Urinary tract infection (UTI) symptoms. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 203 patients with UTI symptoms. Middle urine sample was taken into sterile plastic containers, and simultaneously the urine sample and the nitrite test were done by the use of urine dipstick test. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23. Results: The results of the urine culture test indicated that the highest excreted organisms in both sexes were E. coli (58.8%), Candida (17.6%), Klebsiella (8.8%), E. coli (MDR) (5.9%), Pseudomonas (2.9%), Enterococcus (2.9%) and Acinetobacter (2.9%). The results showed that there was a significant correlation between U/C and urine analysis (U/A) test results (P = 0.01), and in U/C positive results, U/A results were significantly positive for UTI. Other findings showed a significant relationship between the results of nitrite one and nitrite two tests (P = 0.001). There was a significant correlation between urinary, and nitrite1 levels (P = 0.04). Also, in this study, the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tests for U/A and nitrite 1 and 2 with U/C were calculated as the Golden Standard method. Conclusion: Overall, the results of this study showed that the negative nitrite test and urine dipstick test could be performed in emergency cases to prevent ectopic dysfunction and inadequate diagnosis. Also, it can reduce the unreasonable expenses for U/A.

scholarly journals Correlation of Urine Dipstick Test with Spot Urine Protein-Creatinine Ratio in Women with Preeclampsia: A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
K. Rekha Rani ◽  
Tulasi Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Dipstick Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Urine Dipstick

Background: Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes for the maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Increase level of proteinuria is worsening condition for the pregnant women with hypertension. Objective: Our study aimed to compare urine dipstick method with P/C ratio to know the proteinuria level in hypertensive pregnant women. Material and Methods: This Cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 antenatal women with preeclampsia in Department of obstetrics and gynecology, CAIMS Karimnagar. Antenatal cases with pre-eclampsia of more than 20 weeks gestation were included in the study and Urinary Tract Infection, Diabetic, renal function disorder were excluded from study. After getting patients consent detailed history were taken, general physical and systemic including obstetric examination was done Association between the variable analyzed by using chi-square or fisher exact test and quantitative variable compare using ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. P-value<0.05 considered as significant Result: Among 100 patients admitted, there are 50 cases having mean age was 25±3.266 Years, systolic blood pressure was 156.5±21.94mmhg. Association between P/C ratio and urine dipstick was statistically significant and also correlation between urine dipstick and P/C ratio was moderately correlated (r= 0.564) and highly significant (p-value <0.05) Conclusion: Our study conclude that Urine dipstick method and P/C ratio has strong correlation between them with high accuracy, at 2+or greater level it can used to estimate significant proteinuria or spot urine P/C ratio for screening pregnant women with suspected preeclampsia. Also, this method is convenient and cost effective for patient. Keywords: Preeclampsia, Proteinuria, Urine Dipstick, Antenatal.

scholarly journals Predictive value of the urinary dipstick test in the management of patients with urinary tract infection-associated symptoms in primary care in Indonesia: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e023051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franciscus Ginting ◽  
Adhi Kristianto Sugianli ◽  
R Lia Kusumawati ◽  
Ida Parwati ◽  
Menno D de Jong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urine Culture ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Positive Urine Culture ◽  
Dipstick Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Test Characteristics ◽  
Positive Urine ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Urine Dipstick Test

ObjectiveTo assess the test characteristics of a urine dipstick test in predicting a positive urine culture in an outpatient setting in Indonesia.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingTwo outpatient clinics in Medan, Indonesia.Participants616 consecutively enrolled participants suspected of having a urinary tract infection.Outcome measuresThe primary outcome is the estimates of accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, predictive values) where urine culture is the reference test. The secondary outcome is the post-test probability of a positive urine culture.ResultsThe optimal test characteristics were obtained when index test positivity was defined as any leucocyte esterase reaction and/or a nitrite reaction and reference test positivity was defined as a urine culture with a growth of at least 103colony-forming units/mL (sensitivity: 88.2% (95% CI 81.6 to 93.1), negative predictive value: 93.0% (95% CI 88.9 to 95.9)). The post-test probability of a positive urine culture after a negative urinary dipstick test was 7% in the obstetric/gynaecology clinic and 8% in the internal medicine clinic.ConclusionThe use of a urine dipstick test in arule-outstrategy can reduce the need for urine culture and avoid the prescription of (ineffective) antibiotics in a non-urology outpatient setting.

scholarly journals Temporomandibular disorders in an adult population in northern Norway: A cross‐sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elin Hadler‐Olsen ◽  
Elizabeth Thon ◽  
Gro Eirin Holde ◽  
Birgitta Jönsson ◽  
Nils Oscarson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northern Norway

scholarly journals Obesity, Blood Pressure, and Intraocular Pressure: A Cross-Sectional Study in Italian Children

Obesity Facts ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Claudia Pileggi ◽  
Rosa Papadopoli ◽  
Caterina De Sarro ◽  
Carmelo Giuseppe Angelo Nobile ◽  
Maria Pavia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
School Children ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
Italian Children

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Several studies in the adult population have shown that obesity is an independent risk factor for elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), whereas data in the paediatric population are sparse and controversial. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), and IOP in healthy school children. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The survey was conducted among a random sample of 8-year-old Italian students. Data were collected on their health status and behaviours related to obesity (physical activity, food and drinking habits, etc.). Physical examinations, conducted at school, included measurements of height, weight, BP, and IOP. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Five hundred and seventy-six subjects were recruited (92.8% response rate); 42.4% were overweight or obese, 58.9% consumed inadequate daily servings of fruit and vegetables, and 87.5% were involved in sedentary activities. Elevated BP/hypertension (HTN) affected 3.6% and high IOP was revealed in 12.5% of the children. In the multivariate analysis, elevated BP/HTN was the only significant determinant of ocular HTN (OR 5.36, 95% CI 1.95–14.73, <i>p</i> = 0.001). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our results show that high IOP affects 12.5% of 8-year-old school children and appears to be associated with high BP related to a high BMI.

Sonographic Assessment of Renal Volume in Normotensive Pregnant Women and Women With Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension in Enugu Metropolis

2021 ◽  
pp. 875647932110210
Author(s):  
Idigo Felicitas Ugochinyere ◽  
Nwankwo Sylvia Chiamaka ◽  
Abonyi Everistus Obinna ◽  
Anakwue Angel-Mary Chukwunyelu ◽  
Agbo Julius Amechi
Keyword(s):  
Reference Range ◽  
Interobserver Variability ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Renal Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Induced Hypertension

Objective: Renal volume (RV) assessment during obstetric sonography is rarely considered in our locality. Understanding the changes in RV in both normotensive pregnant (NP) and pregnancy-induced hypertensive (PIH) women is important in making correct diagnosis regarding pregnancy outcome. This study is aimed at determining the RV in NP and PIH women and correlating RV with fetal gestational age (FGA), body mass index (BMI), and parity in NP women. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 450 patients recruited at a Tertiary Hospital. A pilot study was done to determine the interobserver variability in RV measurement. RV was calculated using the following formula: L × W × AP × 0.523. Parity, BMI, and blood pressure were documented, while FGA was calculated as an average of FGAs obtained from the measurements of fetal biometric parameters. Results: Mean RV of PIH women was significantly higher than that of NP women ( P < .05). RV shows a positive significant relationship with BMI and FGA, while it shows a negative relationship with parity in NP ( P < .05). Conclusion: Reference range values of RV were generated for clinical use in our locality, while there is statistically significant difference between RV in NP and PIH women.

scholarly journals Determining Orthodontic Knowledge and Awareness in Young Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 030157422110221
Author(s):  
Jyoti Mishra ◽  
Sudhir Kapoor ◽  
Jitendra Bhagchandani ◽  
Sonahita Agarwal ◽  
Vaibhav Vashishta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group I ◽  
Insignificant Difference ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Ethical Clearance ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Aim and Objective: To assess the level of awareness among local adult population (orthodontically untreated) regarding orthodontic treatment and procedures. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was planned by accessing 100 subjects comprising of 2 groups (50 male and 50 female). After due ethical clearance, a self-structured questionnaire consisting of 17 questions was given to a group of randomly selected 100 individuals with an age range of 20 to 30 years. Results: The overall awareness of orthodontics as a speciality among both the groups was only 52% to 56%. Statistically insignificant difference was found in the knowledge and awareness of orthodontic treatment among both male and female subjects, that is, Group I and II. Also, those who knew about the orthodontic treatment did not opt for it because of high cost and longer duration involved. Conclusion: More than half of the population is unaware of the scope of orthodontic treatment, and thus, they do not seek any assistance. Hence, more efforts are needed to create awareness about orthodontics and the associated benefits.

scholarly journals Prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus in Spain: higher than previously reported in other countries?

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 2556-2562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Cortés Verdú ◽  
José M Pego-Reigosa ◽  
Daniel Seoane-Mato ◽  
Mercedes Morcillo Valle ◽  
Deseada Palma Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
The United States ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Visit ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Objectives Prevalence of SLE varies among studies, being influenced by study design, geographical area and ethnicity. Data about the prevalence of SLE in Spain are scarce. In the EPISER2016 study, promoted by the Spanish Society of Rheumatology, the prevalence estimate of SLE in the general adult population in Spain has been updated and its association with sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyle variables has been explored. Methods Population-based multicentre cross-sectional study, with multistage stratified and cluster random sampling. Participants were contacted by telephone to carry out a questionnaire for the screening of SLE. Investigating rheumatologists evaluated positive results (review of medical records and/or telephone interview, with medical visit if needed) to confirm the diagnosis. To calculate the prevalence and its 95% CI, the sample design was taken into account and weighing was calculated considering age, sex and geographic origin. Multivariate logistic regression models were defined to analyse which sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyle variables included in the telephone questionnaire were associated with the presence of SLE. Results 4916 subjects aged 20 years or over were included. 16.52% (812/4916) had a positive screening result for SLE. 12 cases of SLE were detected. The estimated prevalence was 0.21% (95% CI: 0.11, 0.40). SLE was more prevalent in the rural municipalities, with an odds ratio (OR) = 4.041 (95% CI: 1.216, 13.424). Conclusion The estimated prevalence of SLE in Spain is higher than that described in most international epidemiological studies, but lower than that observed in ethnic minorities in the United States or the United Kingdom.

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