scholarly journals Estimation of serum Alpha feto-protein (AFP), interlukin-6 and Des-?-carboxyprothrombin (DCP) in case of hepatocellular carcinoma

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Shahzadul Haque ◽  
Rekha Kumari ◽  
Ali Muzaffar ◽  
Uday Kumar ◽  
Anand Sharan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Intrahepatic Metastasis ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Primary Malignancy

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one the most common primary malignancy of the liver and represents the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Incidence rates are highest in East Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. A number of evidence suggests a possible role of interleukin-6 (IL-6), ?-Fetoprotein (AFP) and Des-?-carboxyprothrombin (DCP) in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The high DCP may be related to increase tumour behaviour, such as the presence of vascular invasion and intrahepatic metastasis of HCC cells. Patients and methods: We studied IL-6, AFP and DCP in patients with HCC or in healthy controls. AFP was measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay; Serum IL-6 and DCP were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in 30 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma and 30 normal subjects.Results: IL-6, AFP and DCP were found high in the serum of patients initially diagnosed with HCC (18±9.8), (315.99±594.62) and (26.15±5.01) respectively compared with healthy subjects (4.29±2.10), (3.13±1.27) and (4.25±1.22). A significant positive correlation was found between mean levels of IL- 6 & AFP in HCC (P < 0.05), Combination of IL-6, AFP and DCP improved the sensitivity in diagnosing HCC or predicting future HCC development. Conclusions: IL-6, DCP along with AFP could be considered a promising tumor marker for HCC. DCP is a well recognized tumor marker for the screening and diagnosis of HCC. In particular, the diagnostic value of the test is significantly increased when combined with AFP.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(2) 2016 p.230-233

Diagnostic Value of Serum Ferritin in Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Digestion ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 236-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Giannoulis ◽  
C. Arvanitakis ◽  
A. Nikopoulos ◽  
I. Doutsos ◽  
A. Tourkantonis
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma

scholarly journals Extracellular Glycosaminoglycans in Management of Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma Rather than Alpha Fetoprotein

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel-Hamid NM ◽  
◽  
Abdel-Fattah SM ◽  
Nazmy MH ◽  
Mahmoud AS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Total Sialic Acid ◽  
Design And Methods

Objectives: Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an essential player at various stages of carcinogenesis. Current study aims to evaluate diagnostic value of components of ECM, released to the serum, i.e. total glycosaminoglycans (TGAGs), total sialic acid (TSA) and free glucosamine (FGA) in primary HCC patients solely or confounded by other conditions (i.e. diabetes mellitus (DM), hepatitis C virus (HCV) or bilharziasis (B). Design and Methods: Our study was conducted upon 40 HCC patients: 32 (80%) males, 8 (20%) females, among these samples, patients with ascites, single/or multiple HCC lesions, as shown in demographic Table. Results: Liver and renal indices were significantly disturbed in HCC patients. Significant elevations of AFP, TGAGS and FGA, non-significant increases in TSA in HCC patients compared to normal control. These parameters except AFP showed significant persistent higher levels during cancer progression. AFP showed irrelevant changes to the stages of HCC lesion. HCC patients with HCV, DM or B showed significantly higher levels of AFP than with HCC solely. Both TGAGs and FGA showed the highest diagnostic accuracy over AFP, but TSA showed the lowest value. Conclusion: TGAGs and FGA may be regarded as cost-effective and more accurate diagnostic tools during primary HCC progression, whether solely, or commixed by other diseases.

Diagnostic Value of Plasma Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor as a Tumor Marker in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tamura ◽  
Y. Ohta ◽  
H. Nakamura ◽  
M. Oda ◽  
G. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cytokeratin 19 ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients

We assessed the diagnostic value of circulating VEGF as a tumor marker in patients with lung cancer and compared its clinical utility with that of other markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cytokeratin 19 (CYFRA). One hundred and sixty non-small cell lung cancer patients and 70 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Circulating VEGF was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The serum concentrations of both CEA and CYFRA were measured by means of immunoradiometric assays. The diagnostic value of plasma VEGF (VEGFp) was better than that of CYFRA and similar to that of CEA. When the diagnostic value of VEGFp and CEA for the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma was compared, the two markers proved to have nearly equal discriminatory power. In diagnosing squamous cell carcinoma, VEGFp showed less discrimination than CYFRA. When the diagnostic value of VEGFp was analyzed for stage I adenocarcinoma patients, VEGFp was slightly more discriminatory than CEA. The combination assay of VEGFp and CEA had a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 60% at a cutoff of 104.4 pg/mL for VEGFp and 5.2 ng/mL for CEA. The combination of VEGF and CEA was superior to CEA alone in the early diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the lung.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Test of PIVKA-II as A Tumor Marker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Priyadi Djatmiko ◽  
I Putu Adi Santosa ◽  
Elvin Richela Lawanto ◽  
Bogi Pratomo ◽  
Hani Susianti
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Method Comparison ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Introduction. Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) is a tumor marker that has been widely used for HCC, but there has been no increased AFP in 35-45% patients with HCC. Protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist II (PIVKA-II) is an abnormal prothrombin secreted in HCC and is expected can be used for HCC diagnostic marker. The objective of this study was to compare serum PIVKA-II levels in the patients with HCC, cirrhosis and healthy control and determine the diagnostic value of PIVKA-II for hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods. This was a cross-section analytic observational study to identify the diagnostic value of PIVKA-II for HCC diagnosis. The diagnosis of 20 cirrhotic patients and 15 patients with HCC was established by history taking, physical examination, and additional examination according to the diagnosis criteria. A group of 12 individuals with normal liver function were used as healthy control subjects. Serum PIVKA-II levels were analyzed with immunoassay method. Comparison study used the Independent-Samples Kruskal Wallis Test. ROC curve analysis and 2x2 contingency table was used to calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value (PPV and NPV).Results. The serum PIVKA-II level in the patients with HCC was significantly higher than in cirrhotic (p = 0,000) and healthy control patients (p = 0,000). Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of PIVKA-II for diagnosis of HCC in cirrhotic patients at a cut-off value of 140.85 mAU/mL were 93.33%, 75%, 73.68%, and 93.75%, respectively (AUC = 0.87).Conclusions and Suggestions. PIVKA-II has high diagnostic value for HCC diagnosis. Diagnostic test that compare serum PIVKA-II level in any size of HCC nodules may be needed in the future.

scholarly journals Serum fibroblast growth factor 19 serves as a potential novel biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma

BMC Cancer ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Maeda ◽  
Hiroaki Kanzaki ◽  
Tetsuhiro Chiba ◽  
Junjie Ao ◽  
Kengo Kanayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Ablation Therapy ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 19

Abstract Background Abnormal autocrine fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) production has been observed in several types of cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we investigated the potential of serum FGF19 as a novel tumor marker of HCC based on a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Methods The serum FGF19 levels of 304 patients with HCC was measured by ELISA. The serum levels of existing markers, including alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) were determined by chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay. Both diagnostic value of FGF19 and its changes after curative ablation therapy was further examined. Results The median FGF19 levels in controls, chronic liver disease patients, and primary HCC patients, were 78.8 pg/mL, 100.1 pg/mL, and 214.5 pg/mL, respectively. The subsequent receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) successfully determined an optimal cut-off value of 200.0 pg/mL. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of FGF19 for HCC detection was comparable to those of AFP and DCP. Of importance, FGF19 showed higher sensitivity for the detection of small HCC (solitary cancer with diameter < 20 mm) than those of existing markers. In addition, 43 out of 79 cases (54.4%) with normal AFP and DCP (so-called “double negative HCC”) exhibited serum FGF19 level ≥ 200 pg/mL. In 45 HCC patients treated with curative ablation therapy, serum FGF19 levels changed from 257.4 pg/mL to 112.0 pg/mL after the treatment. Conclusion Our findings reveal that FGF19 can be a potential novel biomarker for HCC. Although FGF19 is not necessarily a substitute for existing markers, it may help improve the prognosis in HCC patients owing to its resourceful use in various aspects of HCC management and treatment.

scholarly journals Antigen-based diagnosis of Schistosoma infection in travellers: a prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Casacuberta-Partal ◽  
Jacqueline J Janse ◽  
Roos van Schuijlenburg ◽  
Jutte J C de Vries ◽  
Marianne A A Erkens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Adult Worm ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Praziquantel Treatment ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
A Prospective Study

Abstract Background Travellers infected with Schistosoma spp. might be pauci- or even asymptomatic on first presentation. Therefore, schistosomiasis may remain undiagnosed in this population. Active infection, as evidenced by the presence of the tissue-dwelling worm, can be demonstrated via the detection of adult worm-derived circulating anodic antigen (CAA) utilising a robust well-described lateral flow-(LF) based test applying background-free up-converting reporter particles (UCP). In this prospective study, we assessed the diagnostic value of serum and urine UCP-LF CAA test in comparison with two Schistosoma-specific serological assays detecting antibodies against adult worm antigen-immuno fluorescence assay (AWA-IFA) and against soluble egg antigen–enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (SEA-ELISA) antigens in travellers. Methods Samples were collected from 106 Dutch travellers who reported freshwater contact in sub-Saharan Africa and who were recruited up to 2 years after return. Subjects were asked to complete a detailed questionnaire on travel history, water contact, signs and symptoms compatible with schistosomiasis. Results Two travellers were positive by serum CAA and an additional one by urine CAA. A total of 22/106 (21%) samples were antibody positive by AWA-IFA and 9/106 (9%) by SEA-ELISA. At follow-up 6 weeks and 6 months after praziquantel treatment, all seropositives remained antibody positive whereas CAA was cleared. Seropositivity could not be predicted by the type of fresh water-related activity, country visited or symptoms reported. Conclusion The low number of UCP-LF CAA positives suggests that in travellers, active infections often do not establish or have very low worm burden. Based on our high seroconversion rates, we conclude that the AWA-IFA assay is the most sensitive test to detect schistosome exposure. Given the lack of predictive symptoms or risk factors, we recommend schistosomiasis screening at least by serology in all travellers with reported freshwater contact in high-endemic areas.

scholarly journals Solitary Skull Metastasis as Initial Manifestation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma – A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellyda MN ◽  
Mohd Shafie A
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Metastatic Lesion ◽  
Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Primary Malignancy ◽  
Initial Manifestation ◽  
Skull Metastasis ◽  
Skull Tumors ◽  
Prostate Cancers ◽  
Cranial Metastasis

Metastatic spread of tumors to the skull is quite unusual and often represents diagnostic and therapeutic issues. Skull involvement can be observed in various neoplasms of epithelial origin and are most often due to lung, breast, thyroid, kidney and prostate cancers. However, skull metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been rarely reported. The prognosis for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma is so poor that treatment of such distant metastatic lesion cannot be achieved before death occurs due to the primary malignancy. Therefore, the clinical manifestations of cranial metastasis prior to that of primary hepatocellular carcinoma have rarely been reported. This case illustrates a rare case of skull metastasis as an initial manifestation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Although a solitary skull metastasis prior to the diagnosis of HCC demonstrates rare metastatic behavior for HCC, especially in Asia, skull metastases from HCC should be included in the differential diagnosis of skull tumors, even if the patient is asymptomatic of liver cirrhosis.

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of serum leptin as a tumor marker in hepatocellular carcinoma

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Abdelwahab ◽  
M Abdelmaaboud ◽  
M Magdy ◽  
M A Abdelhalim
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Stellate Cell ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
End Stage

Abstract Background Leptin is a peptide hormone produced by adipocytes, acts on the energy balance of reproduction and immunomodulation, and this action is linked to the pathogenesis of many diseases. High levels of this hormone increase hepatic response to various stimuli of liver fibrosis. Leptin acts to mediate hepatic stellate cell activation and liver fibrosis throughout indirect effects on Kupffer cells The aim The aim is to evaluate diagnostic value of serum leptin as a tumor marker in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods 90 Egyptian subjects were conducted to this study after their written informed consent. They divided into 4 groups (30 patients with untreated HCC, 30 patients with treated HCC, 15 patients with end stage chronic liver disease without HCC and 15 healthy controls). They subjected to full history, examination, laboratory investigation and abdominal ultrasound. Serum leptin assessment is done using ELISA method. Results Leptin level is increased in all patients groups compared to control ((med. 40 IQR 37-50, med. 8 IQR 3-20, med. 2 IQR 1-4 VS med.1 IQR 1-1 ng/ml respectively) also it was higher in untreated HCC and treated HCC patients than patients without HCC. (med. 40 IQR 37-50, med. 8 IQR 3-20 VS med. 2 IQR 1-4) . Furthermore, leptin level is higher in untreated HCC than treated HCC(med. 40 IQR 37-50 VS med. 8 IQR 3-20) Leptin positively correlated with HCC Conclusion Leptin level in HCC either untreated or treated patients and in end stage CLD patients is higher than healthy .Also, it’s higher in HCC patients either untreated or treated than cirrhotic patients without HCC . Furthermore, leptin level is higher in un treated HCC than treated HCC patients.

scholarly journals Value of AFP and PIVKA-II in Diagnosis of Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Prediction of Vascular Invasion and Tumor Differentiation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-quan Si ◽  
Xiu-Qin Wang ◽  
Gang Fan ◽  
Chang-Yin Wang ◽  
Yuan-Wen Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Vascular Invasion ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Differentiation ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Combined Detection

Abstract Background: To explore the value of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) in diagnosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and their relationship with vascular invasion, tumor differentiation and size. Methods: A total of 433 participants were enrolled in this study including 266 cases with HCC, 87 cases with liver cirrhosis and 80 healthy individuals. Then we explored the correlation between AFP, PIVKA-II serum level and several pathological features such as vascular invasion, tumor differentiation and size. The value of these two markers used singly or jointly in diagnosing HCC was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The ROC curve was also plotted to identify AFP, PIVKA-II serum cut-off values that would best distinguish HCC patients with and without vascular invasion.Results: The level of AFP and PIVKA-II in HCC group was significantly higher (Z was 7.428, 11.243 respectively, all P<0.01). When AFP and PIVKA-II were used as the individual tumor marker, the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of HCC diagnosis were 0.765 (95% CI, 0.713～0.8170) for AFP, 0.901 (95% CI, 0.868～0.935) for PIVKA-II, and 0.917 (95% CI, 0.886～0.948) for AFP and PIVKA-II simultaneously. The serum levels of AFP and PIVKA-II were positively correlated with tumor differentiation and size. High AFP and PIVKA-II expression was significantly associated with the presence of vascular invasion (P was 0.007 and 0.014 respectively). The AFP level >64.4ng/ml or PIVKA-II level >957.61mAU/ml was the best critical value to predict the presence of vascular invasion. Conclusion: Our results validate that AFP and PIVKA-II play a significant role in the diagnosis of HCC. The diagnostic value of AFP and PIVKA-II combined detection or single assay of PIVKA-II is higher than that of separate assay of AFP. Moreover, their concentration has important clinical value in judging tumor size, tumor cell differentiation and vascular invasion.

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