scholarly journals Effect of planting date on the incidence of eggplant aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover and yield of eggplant

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
M. Matiur Rahman ◽  
Pankoj Kumar Sarker ◽  
Bidhan Chandra Das
Keyword(s):  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽  
Crops Yield

Impact of planting dates on Aphis gossypii Glover infestation and yields of eggplants was studied in the field. The aphid population was very low (4.75-31.05 aphids/plant) on the first planted crops. Yield of first planting dates were higher (1.56-3.58 kg/plant), however; aphid population on the successive late planting crops gradually increased and reached to peaks at third planting dates (15.51- 96.46 aphids/plant). Yield of eggplant gradually decreased on successive late planting crops and lowest yield recorded for third planting crops (1.06-1.88 kg/plant).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v39i2.10585 Bangladesh J. Zool. 39(2): 187-194, 2011   

scholarly journals Impact of Row Spacing and Planting Date on the Canopy Environment, Abundance of Lesser Cornstalk Borer and Other Arthropods, and Incidence of Aflatoxigenic Fungi in Peanuts

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
S. D. Stewart ◽  
K. L. Boweri ◽  
T. P. Mack ◽  
J. H. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Canopy Development ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Elasmopalpus Lignosellus ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Wide Row Spacing

Abstract Three row spacings and two planting dates for peanuts, Arachis hypogaea L., were examined in 1993 and 1994 to determine the influence of the canopy environment on lesser cornstalk borer, Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), other arthropods, and alflatoxigenic fungi. Climatically, 1993 and 1994 were disparate years. Decreasing row spacing increased relative leaf area and light interception by the canopy but, compared to difference between planting dates or years, had a relatively small impact on soil temperatures and relative humidity within the canopy. Late planting produced smaller plants, retarded canopy development, and reduced yield in both years, but especially in 1993 when it was hot and dry. The wide row spacing did not yield as well as twin and normal row spacings in either year. Lesser cornstalk borer damage and aflatoxin concentration were higher in the late planting than in the early planting of 1993, but were unaffected by row spacing. Fewer predatory arthropods were caught as row spacing decreased in both beat and pitfall samples, but planting date had variable effects. Prevailing climatic conditions and planting date appeared to be more important in influencing the canopy environment and pest densities than was row spacing.

scholarly journals Effects of planting time on growth, development and productivity of maize (Zea mays L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Jiban Shrestha ◽  
Manoj Kandel ◽  
Amit Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Crop Modeling ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Maize Growth ◽  
Growth Development

Planting date plays important role in the growth, development and yield of maize. Optimum planting date has becomes a prime importance for higher crop production. The plant establishment as well as pest and disease incidence are affected by planting dates. Crop varieties respond differently to planting dates. Early or late planting dates on maize causes an array of morpho-anatomical, physiological and biochemical changes in plants, which affect plant growth and development and such changes may lead to a drastic reduction in yield. Maize growth and development involves numerous biochemical reactions which are sensitive to variance in weather parameters as affected by planting dates. Delayed planting dates affect traits namely anthesis silking interval, photosynthesis, physiological maturity and dry matter production due to reduction in cumulative interception of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Late planting dates cause higher non-structural carbohydrate concentration in stems at mid-grain filling stages due to low temperature exposure of crop limiting kernel growth and photosynthesis. The adverse effects of delayed planting dates can be mitigated by forecasting optimum planting dates through crop modeling experiments. This article summarizes various effects of planting dates on maize growth, development and yield parameters. This information may be useful for maize growers and researchers.

COMPOSITIONAL TRAITS OF SOYBEAN SEEDS AS INFLUENCED BY PLANTING DATE IN INDIA

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
VINEET KUMAR ◽  
ANITA RANI ◽  
VIMAL PANDEY ◽  
PURVI MANDE ◽  
G. S. CHAUHAN
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitor ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Seed Traits ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
One Year

Information on the influence of date of planting on protein, oil and fatty acid composition of soybean seeds is meagre, whilst similar studies on lipoxygenase isozymes and trypsin inhibitor contents are lacking. A field experiment was conducted with nine Indian genotypes and three planting dates (spread over 23 days) to study the influence of planting dates on these seed traits. Results based upon a one-year study indicated that oil content declined with delays in planting. Oleic acid content increased from the first to third planting, while the reverse trend was observed for linolenic acid. Lipoxygenase-1 activity was reduced by delayed plantings. Protein content was the lowest and trypsin inhibitor content was the highest for the second planting. However, no differences were observed for protein and trypsin inhibitor contents between the first and third planting. Significant interactions. observed between genotype and planting date for most of the seed compositional characters suggest that the influence of late planting is genotype-dependent.

scholarly journals Factors affecting colonization and abundance of Aphis gossypii glover (hemiptera: aphididae) on okra plantations

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Germano Leão Demolin Leite ◽  
Marcelo Picanço ◽  
José Cola Zanuncio ◽  
Marcos Rafael Gusmão
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Total Rainfall ◽  
Bottom Part ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover

The control of Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on okra Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) (Malvaceae) consist primarily in the use of insecticides, due to the lack of information on other mortality factors. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of predators and parasitoids, height of canopy, plant age, leaf areas, organic compounds leaves, levels of leaf nitrogen and potassium, density of leaf trichomes, total rainfall and median temperature on attack intensity of A. gossypii on two successive A. esculentus var. Santa Cruz plantations. Monthly number estimates of A. gossypii and natural enemies (visual inspection) occurred on bottom, middle and apical parts of 30 plants/plantation (one leaf/plant). Plants senescence, leaf areas and natural enemies, mainly Adialytus spp., spiders and Coccinellidae, were some of the factors that most contributed to aphid reduction. A higher number of aphids was found on the bottom part than medium and apical parts of okra plants. Total rainfall can reduce the aphid population. Trichomes non-glandular or low density, organic compounds leaves and levels of N and K were not important for reducing aphid population.

Influence of Soybean (Glycine max)Planting Date on Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)Competition

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Photoperiodic Response ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Early Maturing

A 2-yr study was conducted to determine the influence of early and late soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] planting dates on the competitiveness of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedic). Velvetleaf was planted at densities of one plant per 61 and 30 cm of row, and competition ranged from 4 weeks to full season. Soybean planting dates were mid-May and late-June. Velvetleaf emerging with soybeans in mid-May were twice as competitive as those emerging with soybeans planted in late-June. A density of one velvetleaf per 30 cm of row competing full season reduced soybean yields 27% for the early and only 14% for the late planting date. The competitive difference was due to the short-day photoperiodic response of velvetleaf. Although the early growth stages of soybeans are more competitive than those of velvetleaf, 10 weeks after emergence velvetleaf competition reduced soybean growth and development. Velvetleaf does not appear to be a potential major problem in Arkansas for soybeans planted in June due to its photoperiodic response and late season competitiveness. However, the weed could present problems for soybeans planted early, especially when an early maturing variety is used.

scholarly journals Combining ability and heterosis for some canola characteristics sown on recommended and late planting dates using biplot

2018 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
Hassan AMIRI OGHAN ◽  
Farnaz SHARIATI ◽  
Naser SABAGHNIA ◽  
Bahram ALIZADEH ◽  
James MILLNER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Winter Canola

<p>Canola (<em>Brassica napus</em> L.) is one of the most efficient oil-producing crops in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. In the current study, ten winter canola genotypes [seven genotypes as lines (Zarfam (L1), Talaye (L2), SLM046 (L3), Geronimo (L4), Modena (L5), Opera (L6) and Symbol (L7)] and three genotypes as testers [Okapi (T1), Licord (T2) and Orient (T3)] and their F1 hybrids (21 hybrids) were evaluated to determine the genetic parameters for grain yield, oil content, meal and seed glucosinolate contents under two different planting date [recommended (late September) and late planting (late October)]. According to combined analysis of variance there were significant differences among the genotypes for most studied traits. The genotype main effect and genotype × environment interaction (GGE) biplot method was used for analyzing line × tester design data. Among the lines, L5 showed high negative general combining ability (GCA) effect for meal glucosinolate content in both conditions whereas L1, L5 and L6 revealed high negative GCA effects for seed glucosinolate content in both planting date. From the results, it could be concluded that, hybridization between T1×L1, T1×L6 or T3×L5 is an efficient approach to release genotypes with low seed and meal glucosinolate content. Furthermore, to develop canola cultivars with higher seed and oil yield, hybridization between T1×L7 or T2×L7 is highly recommended. Improved oil content will be achieved if T1×L5, T2×L5 or T3×L6 hybrids are implemented into the breeding programs.</p>

scholarly journals Planting Date and Cultivar Affect Melon Quality and Productivity

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1559-1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Dufault ◽  
Ahmet Korkmaz ◽  
Brian K. Ward ◽  
Richard L. Hassell
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Potential Market ◽  
Honeydew Melon

Extending the production season of melons (Cucumis melo L.) by using very early and late planting dates outside the range that is commercially recommended will increase the likelihood of developing a stronger melon industry in South Carolina. The objective of this study was to determine if early (February) transplanted melons or later (June through July) planting dates are effective in extending the production season of acceptable yields with good internal quality of the melon cultivars: Athena, Eclipse, and Sugar Bowl and Tesoro Dulce (a honeydew melon). Melons were transplanted in Charleston, S.C., in 1998, 1999, and 2000 on 12 and 26 Feb., 12 and 26 Mar., 9 and 23 Apr., 7 and 21 May, 4 and 18 June, and 2 July and required 130, 113, 105, 88, 79, 70, 64, 60, 60, 59, and 56 days from field transplanting to reach mean melon harvest date, respectively. Stands were reduced 67%, 41%, and 22% in the 12 and 26 Feb. and 12 Mar. planting dates, respectively, in contrast to the 26 Mar. planting date but ≤15% in all other planting dates. Planting in February had no earliness advantage because the 12 and 26 Feb. and 12 and 26 Mar. planting dates, all reached mean melon harvest from 19 to 23 June. Comparing the marketable number of melons produced per plot (averaged over cultivar) of the standard planting dates of 12 and 26 Mar. indicated decreases of 21%, 32%, 36%, 36%, 57%, 57%, and 54%, respectively with the planting dates of 9 and 23 Apr., 7 and 21 May, 4 and 18 June, and 2 July. The most productive cultivar of all was `Eclipse', which yielded significantly more melons per plot in all 11 planting dates followed by `Athena' (in 8 of 11 planting dates), `Tesoro Dulce' (7 of 11 planting dates), and `Sugar Bowl' (2 of 11 planting dates). In our study, any planting date with melon quality less than the USDA standard of “good internal quality” or better (Brix ≥9.0) was considered unacceptable because of potential market rejection. Therefore, the earliest recommended planting date with acceptable yield and “good internal quality” was 12 Mar. for all cultivars; the latest planting dates for `Athena', `Eclipse', `Tesoro Dulce', and `Sugar Bowl' were 4 June, 18 June, 7 May, and 9 Apr., respectively. With these recommendations, the harvest season of melons lasted 40 days from 24 June to 3 Aug. for these four cultivars, which extended the production season an additional 2 weeks longer than the harvest date of last recommended 21 May planting date.

Growth and Development of the Florunner Peanut Cultivar as Influenced by Population, Planting Date and Water Availability1

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Kvien ◽  
C. L. Bergmark
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Canopy Closure ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Competition For Light ◽  
Effect On Yield

Abstract The influence of planting date, plant population, and row pattern on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) growth and development was studied at two locations in Georgia. Twin rows were found to give faster canopy closure at high populations (212,000 plants ha-1) but not at low populations (26,500 plants ha-1). No yield differences due to row pattern were found. Increasing population increased competition for light which increased plant height and the percent of total dry matter partitioned to the stem. Population effect on yield was dependent on planting date and environmental conditions. When an optimum planting date (28 April 1983) was combined with adequate moisture (65 cm of water during season), increasing population from 30,000 to 240,000 plants ha-1 increased yield from 5290 to 6840 kg ha-1. A combination of an optimum planting date and moisture-limiting conditions (33 cm) resulted in a positive yield response of 20% as population was increased from 26,000 to 208,000 plants ha-1. Combining a late planting date (3 June 1983) with either adequate moisture (66 cm) or moisture-limiting conditions (35 cm) resulted in no yield response due to population. Late planting dates significantly reduced grade.

scholarly journals Planting Dates and Harvesting Stages Influence on Maize Yield under Rain-Fed Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Dolapo Bola Akinnuoye-Adelabu ◽  
Albert Thembinkosi Modi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

Understanding the challenges associated with variation in weather conditions and stages of maturity in maize are essential for farmers to achieve continuous production under climate changes. This research evaluated the interactive effect of planting date and stages of maturity at harvest on maize yield (Zea mays L.). Field trials were conducted during the 2014/15 and 2015/16 seasons at university of KwaZulu-Natal research farm Pietermaritzburg South Africa. Planting dates comprised of early (November), mid (December) and late planting dates (January). While, harvesting occurred at milk stage, dent stage and physiological maturity. A split plotdesign with four replications was used. The main plot and sub-plot consisted of planting dates and harvesting stages respectively. Response of maize to planting dates and harvesting stages was determined by variables of plant physiological growth and yield parameters. Significant differences in growth and physiological parameters were more obvious in 2015/16 season which was a drier season than 2014/15. Early and mid-planting had positive effect on parameters measured at both seasons. However, mid planting date favoured maize growth and yield more in drier season. The interaction of planting dates and harvesting stages significantly influenced grain yield, thousand seed weight, ear length and diameter. Thousand seed weight, ear length and diameter obtained at dent stage under mid planting outperformed its counterpart from physiological maturity under which late planting. With the increase in climate variability there is high risk that maize planted lately would have lower yield irrespective of its planting dates and might not attain physiological maturity. However, maize harvested at dent stage under early and mid-planting dates gave substantially high yield.

Effects of planting date and earliness on deoxynivalenol contamination in barley under natural epidemic conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 1363-1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thin Meiw Choo ◽  
Richard A. Martin ◽  
Marc E. Savard ◽  
Barbara Blackwell
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Early Planting ◽  
High Level

Choo, T. M., Martin, R. A., Savard, M. E. and Blackwell, B. 2014. Effects of planting date and earliness on deoxynivalenol contamination in barley under natural epidemic conditions. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1363–1371. Fusarium head blight, principally caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe, is a destructive disease of barley in many countries and it can result in mycotoxin contamination such as deoxynivalenol (DON) in the grain. An integrated management strategy is needed to mitigate the level of DON contamination in barley. Therefore, a study was initiated to determine if early planting and early-heading cultivars can be used to avoid severe DON contamination under natural epidemic conditions in the Maritimes. Twelve six-row barley cultivars were planted in a split-plot design with two planting dates (early vs. late) as main-plot units and cultivars as sub-plot units at the Harrington Research Farm in Prince Edward Island in 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, and 2012. Grain samples from all experimental plots were contaminated with DON and one contained as high as 23.1 mg kg−1. Early planting frequently resulted in less DON contamination and higher yield than late planting. Days to heading was positively correlated with DON concentration only at late planting in 2007. The results of this study suggest that six-row barley should be planted early in the Maritimes to avoid a high level of DON contamination and a reduction in grain yield, and that use of early-heading cultivars may not be effective at reducing DON contamination while retaining high yield.

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