scholarly journals Effects of planting time on growth, development and productivity of maize (Zea mays L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Jiban Shrestha ◽  
Manoj Kandel ◽  
Amit Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Crop Modeling ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Maize Growth ◽  
Growth Development

Planting date plays important role in the growth, development and yield of maize. Optimum planting date has becomes a prime importance for higher crop production. The plant establishment as well as pest and disease incidence are affected by planting dates. Crop varieties respond differently to planting dates. Early or late planting dates on maize causes an array of morpho-anatomical, physiological and biochemical changes in plants, which affect plant growth and development and such changes may lead to a drastic reduction in yield. Maize growth and development involves numerous biochemical reactions which are sensitive to variance in weather parameters as affected by planting dates. Delayed planting dates affect traits namely anthesis silking interval, photosynthesis, physiological maturity and dry matter production due to reduction in cumulative interception of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Late planting dates cause higher non-structural carbohydrate concentration in stems at mid-grain filling stages due to low temperature exposure of crop limiting kernel growth and photosynthesis. The adverse effects of delayed planting dates can be mitigated by forecasting optimum planting dates through crop modeling experiments. This article summarizes various effects of planting dates on maize growth, development and yield parameters. This information may be useful for maize growers and researchers.

Influence of Soybean (Glycine max)Planting Date on Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)Competition

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Photoperiodic Response ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Early Maturing

A 2-yr study was conducted to determine the influence of early and late soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] planting dates on the competitiveness of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedic). Velvetleaf was planted at densities of one plant per 61 and 30 cm of row, and competition ranged from 4 weeks to full season. Soybean planting dates were mid-May and late-June. Velvetleaf emerging with soybeans in mid-May were twice as competitive as those emerging with soybeans planted in late-June. A density of one velvetleaf per 30 cm of row competing full season reduced soybean yields 27% for the early and only 14% for the late planting date. The competitive difference was due to the short-day photoperiodic response of velvetleaf. Although the early growth stages of soybeans are more competitive than those of velvetleaf, 10 weeks after emergence velvetleaf competition reduced soybean growth and development. Velvetleaf does not appear to be a potential major problem in Arkansas for soybeans planted in June due to its photoperiodic response and late season competitiveness. However, the weed could present problems for soybeans planted early, especially when an early maturing variety is used.

Growth and Development of the Florunner Peanut Cultivar as Influenced by Population, Planting Date and Water Availability1

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Kvien ◽  
C. L. Bergmark
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Canopy Closure ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Competition For Light ◽  
Effect On Yield

Abstract The influence of planting date, plant population, and row pattern on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) growth and development was studied at two locations in Georgia. Twin rows were found to give faster canopy closure at high populations (212,000 plants ha-1) but not at low populations (26,500 plants ha-1). No yield differences due to row pattern were found. Increasing population increased competition for light which increased plant height and the percent of total dry matter partitioned to the stem. Population effect on yield was dependent on planting date and environmental conditions. When an optimum planting date (28 April 1983) was combined with adequate moisture (65 cm of water during season), increasing population from 30,000 to 240,000 plants ha-1 increased yield from 5290 to 6840 kg ha-1. A combination of an optimum planting date and moisture-limiting conditions (33 cm) resulted in a positive yield response of 20% as population was increased from 26,000 to 208,000 plants ha-1. Combining a late planting date (3 June 1983) with either adequate moisture (66 cm) or moisture-limiting conditions (35 cm) resulted in no yield response due to population. Late planting dates significantly reduced grade.

scholarly journals Impact of Row Spacing and Planting Date on the Canopy Environment, Abundance of Lesser Cornstalk Borer and Other Arthropods, and Incidence of Aflatoxigenic Fungi in Peanuts

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
S. D. Stewart ◽  
K. L. Boweri ◽  
T. P. Mack ◽  
J. H. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Canopy Development ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Elasmopalpus Lignosellus ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Wide Row Spacing

Abstract Three row spacings and two planting dates for peanuts, Arachis hypogaea L., were examined in 1993 and 1994 to determine the influence of the canopy environment on lesser cornstalk borer, Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), other arthropods, and alflatoxigenic fungi. Climatically, 1993 and 1994 were disparate years. Decreasing row spacing increased relative leaf area and light interception by the canopy but, compared to difference between planting dates or years, had a relatively small impact on soil temperatures and relative humidity within the canopy. Late planting produced smaller plants, retarded canopy development, and reduced yield in both years, but especially in 1993 when it was hot and dry. The wide row spacing did not yield as well as twin and normal row spacings in either year. Lesser cornstalk borer damage and aflatoxin concentration were higher in the late planting than in the early planting of 1993, but were unaffected by row spacing. Fewer predatory arthropods were caught as row spacing decreased in both beat and pitfall samples, but planting date had variable effects. Prevailing climatic conditions and planting date appeared to be more important in influencing the canopy environment and pest densities than was row spacing.

scholarly journals Effect of planting date on the incidence of eggplant aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover and yield of eggplant

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
M. Matiur Rahman ◽  
Pankoj Kumar Sarker ◽  
Bidhan Chandra Das
Keyword(s):  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽  
Crops Yield

Impact of planting dates on Aphis gossypii Glover infestation and yields of eggplants was studied in the field. The aphid population was very low (4.75-31.05 aphids/plant) on the first planted crops. Yield of first planting dates were higher (1.56-3.58 kg/plant), however; aphid population on the successive late planting crops gradually increased and reached to peaks at third planting dates (15.51- 96.46 aphids/plant). Yield of eggplant gradually decreased on successive late planting crops and lowest yield recorded for third planting crops (1.06-1.88 kg/plant).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v39i2.10585 Bangladesh J. Zool. 39(2): 187-194, 2011   

COMPOSITIONAL TRAITS OF SOYBEAN SEEDS AS INFLUENCED BY PLANTING DATE IN INDIA

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
VINEET KUMAR ◽  
ANITA RANI ◽  
VIMAL PANDEY ◽  
PURVI MANDE ◽  
G. S. CHAUHAN
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitor ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Seed Traits ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
One Year

Information on the influence of date of planting on protein, oil and fatty acid composition of soybean seeds is meagre, whilst similar studies on lipoxygenase isozymes and trypsin inhibitor contents are lacking. A field experiment was conducted with nine Indian genotypes and three planting dates (spread over 23 days) to study the influence of planting dates on these seed traits. Results based upon a one-year study indicated that oil content declined with delays in planting. Oleic acid content increased from the first to third planting, while the reverse trend was observed for linolenic acid. Lipoxygenase-1 activity was reduced by delayed plantings. Protein content was the lowest and trypsin inhibitor content was the highest for the second planting. However, no differences were observed for protein and trypsin inhibitor contents between the first and third planting. Significant interactions. observed between genotype and planting date for most of the seed compositional characters suggest that the influence of late planting is genotype-dependent.

scholarly journals PLANTING DATE EFFECT ON PIGEONPEA DEVELOPMENT IN MID-MISSOURI

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 494g-495
Author(s):  
Lurline Marsh ◽  
Mohsen Dkhili
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Temperature Region ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
Short Growing Season

Determinate, photoperiod-insensitive genotypes of pigeonpea, (Cajanus cajan) have the potential for production in the short growing season of the temperature region. A field study was conducted to determine the effect of three planting dates on the growth and development of this crop in Missouri. Seeds of four genotypes, ICPL 87 Isolation (85k), ICPL 85010, ICPL 85024 and ICPL 8304 were planted at three planting dates in 1990, May 1, May 15 and May 31. Germination of the earliest planted seeds was low but increased in the later planted ones. The earlier the planting date the longer was the time to flowering, but the earlier was pod maturity. The earliest planted group flowered within 78-110 days after planting. The genotypes in this group produced the highest fresh pod weights of 330-730 g/plant and the latest planted ones produced the least. Pod length, the number of seeds per pod and weight of 100 seeds had ranges of 5.1-5.9 cm, 3-4 seeds and 17-23 g, respectively and were unaffected by planting dates.

scholarly journals 188 Influence of Planting Date on Strawberry Growth and Development in the Low Desert

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 474E-474
Author(s):  
M.A. Maurer ◽  
K. Umeda
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Strawberry Cultivars

A field study was designed to determine the effect of planting date and cultivar on growth and yield of strawberries in the low desert. The study was conducted at the Univ.of Arizona, Citrus Agricultural Center, near Waddell. Treatments included two strawberry cultivars (Camarosa and Chandler) and three planting dates 20 Aug. and 8 and 22 Oct. 1997. There was no significant difference in fruit yield between cultivars. However, fruit number was significantly greater for `Chandler', and, therefore, fruit size was smaller than `Camarosa.' Yield was significantly higher for strawberries planted 20 Aug., with nearly four times the yield compared to the other planting dates. Results of this study suggest summer planting of strawberries in the low desert to produce economically viable yields.

scholarly journals Role of Sulphate Transporter (PiSulT) of Endophytic Fungus Serendipita indica in Plant Growth and Development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Om Prakash Narayan ◽  
Nidhi Verma ◽  
Abhimanyu Jogawat ◽  
Meenakshi Dua ◽  
Atul Kumar Johri
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Endophytic Fungus ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Major Facilitator Superfamily ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Growth Development

ABSTRACTSulfur is an important macronutrient required for the growth, development of plants and is a key component of many metabolic pathways. We have functionally characterized a high-affinity sulphate transporter (PiSulT) from an endophytic fungus Serendipita indica. The PiSulT belongs to the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) of membrane transporter. The PiSulT functionally complements the yeast sulphate transporter mutant HK14. PiSulT is a high-affinity sulphate transporter, having Km 15μM. We found enhanced expression of PiSulT in external fungal hyphae which helps the fungus in the acquisition of sulphate from the soil. When knockdown (KD)-PiSulT-P.indica colonized with the plant, it results in an 8-fold reduction in the transfer of sulphate to the colonized plants as compared to the plants colonized with the WT S. indica, which suggests that PiSulT is playing a role in sulphate transfer from soil to host plant. Further, plants colonized with the WT S. indica were found to be healthy in comparison to the plants colonized with the KD-PiSulT-P.indica. Additionally, S. indica colonization provides a positive effect on total sulfur content and on plant metabolites like sulfate ions and glutathione, particularly under low sulphate condition. We observed that the expression of sulfur assimilation pathway genes of S. indica and plant is dependent on the availability of sulphate and on the colonization with the plant. Our study highlights the importance of PiSulT in the improvement of sulfur nutrition of host plant particularly under low sulphate condition and in plant growth development. This study will open new vistas to use S. indica as a bio-fertilizer in the sulphate deficient field to improve crop production.One-Sentence SummaryHigh-affinity sulphate transporter of Serendipita indica (PiSulT) transfer sulphate from soil to plant under low sulphate condition and improve plant growth and development.

scholarly journals The Effects of Planting Date and Insecticide Treatments on the Incidence of High Plains Disease in Corn

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 1125-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Fritts ◽  
G. J. Michels ◽  
C. M. Rush
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wheat Curl Mite ◽  
Aceria Tosichella

Incidence of High Plains Disease (HPD) in a susceptible corn cultivar was examined in relation to planting dates, insecticide treatments, and wheat heading dates during 1994 to 1996. In the High Plains of Texas, this disease of susceptible corn was related to corn planting dates and winter wheat maturity. The incidence of HPD varied greatly from year to year; however, corn planted between 16 and 20 May had the highest disease incidence. Corn planted 10 to 30 days after wheat heading had the highest incidence of the disease. Chemical control of the vector, Aceria tosichella, was ineffective, except by the use of granular insecticides applied at planting, which had some beneficial effects. Results of this study suggest that producers can reduce the incidence of HPD by planting corn before or after the peak migration of wheat curl mite from wheat.

scholarly journals Combining ability and heterosis for some canola characteristics sown on recommended and late planting dates using biplot

2018 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
Hassan AMIRI OGHAN ◽  
Farnaz SHARIATI ◽  
Naser SABAGHNIA ◽  
Bahram ALIZADEH ◽  
James MILLNER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Winter Canola

<p>Canola (<em>Brassica napus</em> L.) is one of the most efficient oil-producing crops in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. In the current study, ten winter canola genotypes [seven genotypes as lines (Zarfam (L1), Talaye (L2), SLM046 (L3), Geronimo (L4), Modena (L5), Opera (L6) and Symbol (L7)] and three genotypes as testers [Okapi (T1), Licord (T2) and Orient (T3)] and their F1 hybrids (21 hybrids) were evaluated to determine the genetic parameters for grain yield, oil content, meal and seed glucosinolate contents under two different planting date [recommended (late September) and late planting (late October)]. According to combined analysis of variance there were significant differences among the genotypes for most studied traits. The genotype main effect and genotype × environment interaction (GGE) biplot method was used for analyzing line × tester design data. Among the lines, L5 showed high negative general combining ability (GCA) effect for meal glucosinolate content in both conditions whereas L1, L5 and L6 revealed high negative GCA effects for seed glucosinolate content in both planting date. From the results, it could be concluded that, hybridization between T1×L1, T1×L6 or T3×L5 is an efficient approach to release genotypes with low seed and meal glucosinolate content. Furthermore, to develop canola cultivars with higher seed and oil yield, hybridization between T1×L7 or T2×L7 is highly recommended. Improved oil content will be achieved if T1×L5, T2×L5 or T3×L6 hybrids are implemented into the breeding programs.</p>

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