scholarly journals Outcome of Injection Sclerotherapy for First Degree and Second Degree Haemorrhoids– A Study of 50 Cases

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Md Ershad Ul Quadir ◽  
Md Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
Md Tanvirul Islam ◽  
SM Shakhawat Hosssain
Keyword(s):  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Injection Sclerotherapy ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Second Degree

Introduction: Haemorrhoid is the frequent problem in clinical practice of general surgery. Haemorrhoids are dilatation and tortuosity of rectal veins affecting almost 4.5% of the population. Various operative and non operative therapeutic options are in practice to treat haemorrhoids, yet none has been proven cent percent effective. Sclerotherapy is a simple, safe and cost effective procedure that is widely practiced globally to treat haemorrhoids. Many sclerosants are being used with variable efficacies. Objective: To evaluate the outcome of injection Sclerotherapy in first degree and second degree haemorrhoids. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients of both gender having haemorrhoids who attended Outpatient Department (OPD) at BNS Patenga from September 2013 to August 2014 were included in this study. On the basis of history, patients were selected for Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) and proctoscopic examination to confirm the diagnosis. Sclerotherapy was repeated at interval of 6 weeks till symptomatic relief was achieved. Maximum 3 sittings of sclerotherapy were given. Patients were followed up at 3 months interval for 1 year. Results: This prospective study was conducted on 50 cases of first degree and second degree Haemorrhoids. The highest number of patients 21(42%) were in the age group of 21-30 years with majority 38(76%) being male. Male female ratio was 3.16: 1. All the patients presented with painless per-rectal bleeding. Satisfactory results were observed in 29(58%) patients of whom 20(40%) patients were having first degree haemorrhoids and 9(18%) patients were having second degree haemorrhoids. Sclerotherapy was more effective in first degree compared to second degree haemorrhoids patients. Conclusion: Injecting Sclerotherapy is a suitable office procedure for treatment of haemorrhoids. The method is easy, convenient, cheap, well accepted and comfortable for patient. More or less there are no complications and the result is also satisfactory. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.12(2) 2016: 98-101

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anti-Red Cell Antibodies in Repeatedly Transfused Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Masuma Ahmed Salsabil ◽  
Ashesh Kumar Chowdhury ◽  
Debashish Saha ◽  
Arif Ahmed Khan ◽  
Sazia Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Haemolytic Anaemia ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transfusion Therapy ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Immune Haemolytic Anaemia

Introduction: The development of anti-RBC antibodies (alloantibodies and/or autoantibodies) can significantly complicate transfusion therapy, particularly in patients needed repeated transfusion. Objectives: To find out the prevalence of alloantibodies and autoantibodies in repeatedly transfused patients so that serious hazards due to immune reaction may be avoided. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Department of Immunology, BIRDEM and Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) during the period of July 2015 to June 2016. Total 370 patients who had received at least five units of transfusions were enrolled in this study but known patients of auto immune haemolytic anaemia, patients in whom antibody was previously detected and pregnant women were excluded from the study. Blood grouping and Direct Anti-globulin Test (DAT) were performed with cell suspension using a poly-specific Coombs reagent. In cases of a positive DAT, further investigation using specific monoclonal reagents to detect IgG or a complement (C3d) was carried out. Serum was used to detect red cell alloantibodies using standard blood bank methods. Antibody identification was performed in antibody screening positive samples using red cell Identicells. Results: Maximum 132 (35.7%) patients were in the age group 1-10 years. The male-female ratio was 1.2:1. Among 370 total patients 290 were HHA and 80 were non-HHA. Antibody was detected in only 17(4.59%) patients. Among the Hereditary Haemolytic Anaemia (HHA) patients it was 11 (3.79%) but among the non-HHA patients it was 6(7.5%). Out of 8 auto-antibodies, 5 were anti IgG followed by 3 were anti C3d. Out of 14 alloantibodies, 4(28.6%) were anti E, 3(21.4%) were anti K and in 3(21.4%) cases specificity of alloantibody was not detected. Conclusion: Prevalence of anti-RBC antibodies was not so uncommon in multiple transfused patients. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14(1) 2018: 73-77

scholarly journals Study of Efficacy and Safety of Acitretin as Monotherapy in the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Plaque Type Psoriasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Sumitendra Kumar Sarkar ◽  
Krishna Gopal Sen ◽  
Md Kamal Mostofa ◽  
Md Habibur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Plaque Type ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Aromatic Retinoid

Psoriasis is a chronic papulosquamous disorder with remissions and exacerbations. Varied estimates of the population prevalence of the disease in different parts of the world range from 0.1 - 3%. It is not uncommon in our country. Although there are no treatment options offering a complete cure, a number of options exist for providing symptomatic relief, inducing as well as prolonging remission. Various systemic therapies such as methotrexate, acitretin, cyclosporine, and biologic agents can be used. A review of pharmacokinetics, safety and a discussion of relapse rate establish acitretin, an aromatic retinoid as an efficacious, convenient, oral monotherapy for initial and maintenance of severe psoriasis. A prospective clinical trial was conducted to find out the efficacy and safety of acitretin as monotherapy in the treatment of moderate to severe plaque type psoriasis (PASI range 10-42). Thirty two clinically diagnosed cases of moderate to severe plaque type psoriasis attending the Skin and VD out patient department of Faridpur Medical College Hospital, Faridpur were selected randomly. Majority (46.9%) were between 61 to 80 years of age and only 3.1% patients were in the <20 years age group. The average age was 57.3 years and range was 19-90 years. Majority (68.8%) of the patients were male and 31.2% patients were female. The male female ratio was 2.2:1. After 8 weeks of treatment with acitretin PASI 50 and PASI 75 response rates were 55% and 24% respectively and after 12 weeks of treatment, PASI 50 and PASI 75 response rates were 75% and 50% respectively. As side effects of the treatment, 4(12.5%) patients developed alopecia, each of xerophthalmia and cheilitis was seen in 3(9.37%) patients, each of fatigue and pruritus was seen in 2(6.25%) patients and only 1(3.12%) patient developed myalgia. This study demonstrates that acitretin as monotherapy is effective and safe in the treatment of moderate to severe plaque type psoriasis. Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2019;14(1): 16-19

scholarly journals Effectivity of injection sclerotherapy with sodium tetra decyl sulphate in the management of first and second-degree hemorrhoids

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 897
Author(s):  
Dushyant Kumar Rohit ◽  
Omkar Thakur ◽  
R. S. Verma ◽  
Grishmraj Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Injection Sclerotherapy ◽  
Fourth Degree ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Normal Functional ◽  
Anorectal Region ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Surgical Conditions ◽  
Second Degree

Background: Haemorrhoids are one of the common surgical conditions affecting anorectal region with prevalence of 4% of the population. It is usually defined as increase in size as well as downward disruption of normal functional architecture known as anal cushions. Injection sclerotherapy is time honoured outpatient’s procedure that is widely practised globally to treat first and second-degree haemorrhoids.Methods: This prospective study includes 52 patients who were underwent injection sclerotherapy at Bundelkhand Medical College and Associated Hospital Sagar from August 2015 to September 2016. Patients above the age of 18 years of both sexes with Ist and IInd degree hemorrhoids were included in the study. Pregnant patients, patients with diabetes mellitus and with third and fourth degree hemorrhoids were excluded from the study. A detailed history, clinical presentation, digital rectal examination, proctoscopy and routine investigation were done in all cases.Results: In the present study most of the patients were male. Patients with age group ranging from 20-40 year were found of high incidence of haemorrhoids (86.53%). In present study after three doses of injection 94.23% had satisfactory result. After the first dose injection 71.15% patients had satisfactory results rest 15 patients were given second dose of injection of which 60% patients had satisfactory results. Third dose of injection given to the remaining 06 patients proved satisfactory results in only 03 cases. After three doses of injection 03 cases (5.76%) failed to show any response.Conclusions: Sclerotherapy as a safe, easy, cheap and effective method of treatment of 1st and 2nd degree haemorrhoid devoid of any significant complication.

scholarly journals Evaluation of level of satisfaction among indoor patients attending in a tertiary care hospital of Rajnandgaon (C.G.), India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1428
Author(s):  
Nirmal Verma ◽  
Nitin Kamble ◽  
Dhiraj Bhawnani ◽  
Kiran Makade ◽  
Monika Dengani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Professional Services ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Patient’S Satisfaction ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Male Female Ratio

Background: Patient expression is an important source of information in screening for problems and developing an effective plan of action for quality improvement in health care organizations. Assessing satisfaction has been mandatory for quality control of any hospital, which has resulted in an increasing number of projects devoted to the concept of satisfaction and determinant of patient satisfaction.Methods: The present Cross sectional Observational Hospital based study was conducted in Government Medical College Hospital, Rajnandgaon (C.G.) India during April 2016 to September 2016. A sample of 200 patients was taken who were admitted in different Indoor Patients Department of Clinical departments. Patients were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The information from the patients on various aspects of patient’s satisfaction like admission procedure, communication with staff, physical care, test and operation help availability, cleanliness, privacy related issues and overall satisfaction was obtained by interview with patients based on the semi structured questionnaire proforma.Results: In the present study, among IPD patient Male: Female ratio was 3:2 approx. Helpfulness of person at registration desk was ranked very good by 93% subject. Wheelchair was available for most of the patients (95%) but its availability when needed was ranked very good by 76% patients only. Majority of patient were satisfied with the behavior of the lab technician (89%), availability of lab results on given time (81%).Conclusions: This study shows that patients admitted in the various wards of hospital were satisfied with the quality of professional services by doctors, nursing and paramedical staff but problem lies with the availability of basic amenities. Overall present study shows that assessing satisfaction of patients is simple, easy and cost effective way for evaluating the hospital services.

scholarly journals Role of Squash Cytology in Intraoperative Diagnosis of Meningioma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gowri Prakasam ◽  
K Karkuzhali ◽  
Veeraraghavan Gurusamy
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Frozen Section ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Suspected Case ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Cost Effective Technique

Introduction: Primary Central Nervous System (CNS) tumours constitute less than 2% of overall cancers in adults and are the second most frequently encountered tumours in children. Meningiomas form 24-30% of primary intracranial tumours. Most intrinsic brain tumours are soft and gelatinous in consistency, smear preparation can readily made which gives excellent cytological details when compared to frozen section as the latter produces ice crystal artifacts. Aim: To assess the diagnostic utility of squash cytological evaluation of meningiomas and its comparison with final histopathological diagnosis. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was done at Thanjavur Medical College, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India for period of three years from January 2015 to December 2017. Total of 54 clinically diagnosed and radiologically suspected case of meningiomas were selected. Smears were prepared from the biopsy samples sent in normal saline and stained by Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) method. The cytological features were noted and matched with biopsy findings. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the results. Results: Total of 54 squash smears with male to female ratio was 1:1.5. Maximum number of cases were seen between 41- 50 years followed by 51-60 years. Complete concordance was obtained in 51 cases (94.44%) and partial concordance was noted in a case due to underestimation of malignancy grade in squash cytology. Out of 54 cases, two cases were found to be discordant with final histopathological diagnosis. Conclusion: Intraoperative squash cytology is easy, rapid, reliable and cost-effective technique for neurosurgical consultation with fairly high accuracy in diagnosing meningiomas.

scholarly journals Retrospective observational study to evaluate the concept of the warm versus regular room temperature seitz bath in perineal wound healing

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 3230
Author(s):  
Narendra G. Naik ◽  
Arun Y. Mane ◽  
Nupur Gupte
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Perineal Wound ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Perineal Wound Healing ◽  
Wound Recovery ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Perineal Wounds ◽  
Gandhi Medical College

Background: Seitz bath in post-perineal surgery minimizes pain by reducing anal sphincter tone and also maintains hygiene. The aim and objective of this retrospective study is to compare the effect of warm versus regular room temperature seitz bath. The article clears the concept of seitz bath. The seitz bath gives psychological satisfaction of dressing to patient and helps in boosting the concept of hygiene in their mind.Method: Study design for this study was comparative study of warm and room temperature seitz bath on 60 patients by convenience sampling operated for perineal diseases from 01 November 2019 to 30 March 2020 with written informed consent of patient and fulfilling ethical requirements at Rajiv Gandhi Medical College, Thane, Mumbai. Patients with immunocompromised status and comorbidities like diabetes, tuberculosis, HIV were excluded from study this was the criteria for the study.Results: Out of 60 postoperative cases having perineal wounds, 35 (58.33%) patients opted for warm water seitz bath, while the rest 25 (41.66%) preferred regular room temperature seitz bath. In spite of a greater number of patients opting for warm seitz bath, wound recovery in terms of healing and wound discharge was almost similar in both the study groups. All the patients involved in the study were comfortable to resume their daily activities with significant reduction in pain by the end of first week irrespective of the choice of seitz bath they opted for.Conclusion: The study concludes that symptomatic relief and wound recovery in the operated cases of perineal surgeries completely independent of the choice of seitz bath practiced.

scholarly journals Effectivity of Injection Sclerotherapy on Early Haemorrhoids Reported to Surgical Outpatient Department

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
MFA Bhuiya ◽  
S Rahman ◽  
A Ali
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Rectal Bleeding ◽  
Satisfactory Result ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Injection Sclerotherapy ◽  
Unsatisfactory Result ◽  
Satisfactory Outcome ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Second Degree

This prospective study was carried out at a Military Hospital over a period of 10 months. Total 96 cases of first degree and early second degree haemorrhoid cases treated by injection sclerotherapy were included in this study. Among them, first degree haemorrhoids were 60% cases and early second degree haemorrhoids were 40% cases. The highest number of patients was in 3rd and 4th decade (81%). After adequate bowel preparation, under proctoscopy three positions of haemorrhoids were identified. By a Gabrial syringe 5% phenol in olive oil (3-5 ml) was injected in the submucosa of the pedicle of each haemorrhoid. The patients were followed up monthly for six months. All the patients were presented with painless per rectal bleeding. Constipation was present in 89% cases. Satisfactory result was observed in 60% cases and out of them 40 cases were having first degree haemorrhoids and rest of the cases were having early second degree haemorrhoids. Second dose of injection was required in 38 cases and third dose of injection was required in 32 cases. Out of 38 patients who received second dose of injection, only 6 patients had satisfactory outcome and almost all but one patient who received third dose of injection showed unsatisfactory result. Reported method is easy, convenient, cheap and effectively practicable at outdoor level.Key words: Haemorrhoid; sclerotherapy; satisfactory outcome DOI: 10.3329/jafmc.v6i2.7270JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 6, No 2 (December) 2010 pp.25-27

scholarly journals Response of systemic PUVA in vitiligo - experience with 25 cases in Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
ATM Rezaul Karim ◽  
Md Abdul Latif Khan ◽  
Md Sayeed Hasan ◽  
Moyassaque Ahmed ◽  
Shirajul Islam Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The Body ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Introduction: It is a pigmentation disorder in which melanocytes (the cells that make pigment) in the skin are destroyed. As a result, white patches appear in the skin in different parts of the body. Objective: The objective of this study is to see the efficacy of systemic PUVA in the treatment of vitiligo patient. Methods: This is an prospective longitudinal interventional study, carried out in the depigmented area was assessed according to the department of Dermatology and Venereology, Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka in between the duration of April 2010 to March 2011. Total 25 vitiligo patients based on inclusion criteria like patient with vitiligo affecting more than 5% body surface area, patient having ivory- white fluorescence on Wood’s lamp, patient who was above 15 years of age, patient who had given written consent, patient was not taken any previous treatment etc. Results: This study showed the therapeutic response of study group after 04 weeks of therapy, 05 (20%) patients responsed Fair, 15 (60%) patients responsed Poor and no responsed by 05 (20%) patients. Therapeutic response of study group after 08 weeks of therapy showed that 15 (60%) patients responsed Fair and 10 (40%) patients responsed Poor. It was observed after 12 weeks of therapy that 13 (52%) patients responsed Poor followed by 10 (40%) patients responsed Fair and 02 (08%) patients responsed well. 29 JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 10, No 1 (June) 2014 Therapeutic response of study group after 16 weeks of therapy was 15 (60%) patients responsed Fair, followed by 06 (24%) patients responsed Poor and 04 (16%) patients responsed Good. It was showed that after 20 weeks of therapy 13 (52%) patients responsed Fair, followed by 08 (32%) patients responsed Good, 03 (12%) patients responsed Poor and 01 (04%) patients responsed Excellent. It was observed that after 24 weeks of therapy 12 (48%) patients responsed Good, followed by 08 (32%) patients responsed Fair, 03 (12%) patients responsed Poor and 02 (08%) patients responsed Excellent. Conclusion: Systemic PUVA for the repigmentation of vitiligo seems to be effective. Study needs large number of patients for longer period of duration for confirmation of results. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v10i1.22900 Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.10(1) 2014

scholarly journals Accuracy of GRK-2200T Auto-refkeratometer in Subjective Acceptance for Refractive Errors

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 645-648
Author(s):  
Bishwa Nath Adhikari ◽  
Pramod Sharma Gautam ◽  
Shishu Upadhyay ◽  
Uday Chandra Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Spherical Component ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Prospective Comparative Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Day By Day

Introduction: Globally, the most common cause for diminution of vision is refractive errors and the number of patients with refractive errors is increasing day by day. The Auto-refraction (AR) is quick and patient friendly procedure as compared to retinoscopy and subjective refraction in finding out refractive errors. Hence, the accuracy of Auto-refractometer in terms of subjective acceptance (SA) should be taken into account before prescribing optical correction based on findings of that particular model of Auto-refractometer. So, this study is directed towards analysis of the accuracy of GRK-2200T Auto-retieratometer in terms of acceptance by comparing findings of AR with that of SC. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the refractive status of patient's eyes using auto refractometer (GRK-2200T auto-retierato meter) and to estimate the agreement of it in terms of accuracy in acceptance of subjective correction by the patient. Methodology: A hospital based prospective comparative study conducted on 226 eyes of 113 patients who visited out-patient department (OPD) of Ophthalmology at Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital (NoMCTH), Biratnagar diagnosed with Myopia, Hyperopia and Astigmatism. Duration of study was 4 months from 2nd October, 2018 to 2nd February, 2019. All data thus collected was subjected to statistical analysis by using SPSS version 22. Result The mean age of the study subjects was 26.91±7.79 years with male to female ratio of 0.47. When spherical power, cylindrical power and the axis are taken into consideration together, only 13.3% of the total tested eyes subjectively accepted the AR values unchanged. On subjective correction, 32.7% of the tested eyes accepted spherical power while 46.5% accepted cylindrical power and 50.9% accepted axis of AR unchanged. About 52.2% of the total eyes examined fall within the deviation of spherical equivalent (SE) of ±o.25D and up to 67.3% of them fall within the deviation of ±o.50D. Conclusion The auto refraction by GRK-2200T auto-retieratometer was found to be satisfactory for a preliminary refraction but not satisfactory as substitutes for conventional subjective refraction. However, auto refraction values obtained by GRK-2200T auto-retieratometer could be important in order to accurately prescribe the cylindrical power as well as its axis than the spherical component.

scholarly journals Use of Betel Leaves in Pediatric Stoma Care

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-152
Author(s):  
Md. Ashraf Ul Huq ◽  
A K M Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Tahmina Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Mucosal Ulceration ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Betel Leaf ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Peristomal Skin ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Stoma Care

Background: To find out a practicable, cost effective and easily available alternative of commercial stoma care devices for pediatric patients in a developing country.Methods: The study was conducted in the department of Pediatric Surgery in Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh, during two years period from May 2009 to April 2011. Number of patients was 162 with age range 2 days to 7 years, mean age 2.3 years. As early as a colostomy or ileostomy had started functioning, a central hole was made in a betel leaf. The hole could just snugly accommodate the stoma. After applying a layer of zinc oxide paste over the peristomal skin the leaf was placed as such the stoma rotrudes through the hole. The smooth shiny surface of the leaf would face upwards and rough surface downwards. Another intact betel leaf with the shiny surface also facing upwards would cover the stoma. The leaves did not act as a reservoir rather simply acted as a barrier between the effluent and the peristomal skin. Fifty seven patients with colostomy and 11 with leostomy used stoma appliances (wafer with bag). Eighty six patients with colostomy and 8 patients with ileostomy used betel leaves and zinc oxide paste. Mean length of time between creation and closure of a colostomy was 9 months and that of an ileostomy was three months. It was ensured that each individual patient had used his or her respective stoma care method till closure of the stomas. Two parameters were used to evaluate the outcome of the above mentioned stoma care methods: (a) peristomal skin excoriation and (b) insultto the stomal mucosa in the form of ulceration.Results: Among the patients who used stoma appliances 21.53% developed peristomal skin excoriation, 7.69% developed mucosal ulceration and 6.34% patients developed local hypersensitivity reaction to stoma adhesive. On the contrary, patients who were managed with betel leaves 20.93% developed peristomal skin excoriation and 8.13% developed mucosal ulceration. No incidence of allergic reaction to local application of betel leaf and zinc oxide occurred. Average cost for betel leaves was less than 0.50 US$ per month in comparison to about 30 US$ for ostomy appliances.Conclusion: Betel leaves may be used as a cheap, easily available, non irritant and effective alternative of commercial appliances to protect the stomas and peristomal skin in pediatric patients.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jpsb.v1i2.19534

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