scholarly journals Status of lycaenid butterflies in some selected forests of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
S Akand ◽  
MA Bashar ◽  
HR Khan
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
National Park ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Significant Difference

A field investigation was carried out from January 2015 to December 2017 to study the status of some lycaenid butterflies in some selected forest areas of Bangladesh. A total of 6,724 lycaenids was recorded from Butterfly Research Park at Bhawal National Park, Gazipur; Madhupur National Park, Tangail; Satchori National Park and Rema-Kalenga Wildlife Sanctuary of Habigonj. The dominant species was Arhopala pseudocentaurus with 21.85% relative frequency and the least abundant species was Rathinda amor with 0.75% relative frequency. Butterfly Research Park showed the maximum number of butterfly individuals with a covariance of 40% followed by Madhupur National Park (37%), Rema-Kalenga Wildlife Sanctuary (13%), and Satchori National Park (10%). A significant difference (F = 3.52, p-value = 0.02) has been assessed using „One-way ANOVA‟ test. The difference in the availability of butterflies in different habitats indicated the differences in plant diversity among the forests. Lycaenid butterflies displayed highest abundance (13.19%) in December and lowest (5.38%) in October. There was no significant difference (F = 0.72, p-value = 0.71) among different months throughout the study period in overall species abundance though highest number was recorded in December. The abiotic factors (viz. temperature and relative humidity etc.) influence the presence of butterflies. Lycaenid butterflies demonstrated the highest abundance (887) in 26.9°C along with 64% relative humidity whereas the least abundance (362) has been recorded at 31.7°C with 77% relative humidity. The significant negative correlation was found in between lycaenid abundance and temperature (r = ─ 0.45, pvalue = 0.14), and between lycaenid abundance and relative humidity (r = ─ 0.19, p-value = 0.54). The butterfly population increased with decreasing average temperature and relative humidity during the study period. This investigation reveals the differences in the availability of lycaenid butterflies in relation to the differences in plant population and also the effect of abiotic factors in the forest areas. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2019, 5(2): 19-32

Pediatric Cataract Surgery: Comparison between Ages at Surgery and Contrast Sensitivity Outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Aquirina Caesari Putri ◽  
Rozalina Loebis
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Natural World ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pediatric Cataract ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Pediatric cataracts are major causes of children’s blindness. Surgery has proven to be beneficial in terms of visual function prognosis. Contrast sensitivity evaluation after surgery is as important as visual acuity considering that natural world consists of various objects in low-to-medium contrasts. The purpose of this study is to analyze the difference of contrast sensitivity outcomes based on ages at surgery. Method: Retrospective data of children with pediatric developmental cataract from July 2013 to November 2015 were collected. All children who underwent cataract surgery at 60-months-old or less were randomized into two groups, ≤24 months and >24-to-60 months. Contrast sensitivity was then examined with preferential-looking method using Hiding Heidi low-contrast test face chart. The main outcome measures were contrast sensitivity of both groups. Age-at-evaluation, cataract onset, duration of follow-up, duration of deprivation and visual acuity were also noted. Result: Of 14 children (23 eyes), 11 eyes (47,8%) were in ≤24 months group, 12eyes (52,2%) were in >24-to-60 months group. All eyes underwent cataract extraction and similar type of intraocular lens implantation. Mean age-at-surgery was 28,2 months±16,8 (SD). Mean contrast sensitivity for each group was 47,50 %±42,29 and 18,33%±27,38, respectively, with p-value 0,031. Further analysis of Spearman’s correlation test demonstrated significant negative correlation (rs = -0,559; p = 0,006) between the two groups. Conclusion: There was statistically significant difference in contrast sensitivity between those who underwent surgery at ≤24 months and >24-to-60 months. Children who underwent surgery at older ages tend to have better contrast sensitivity afterwards.

scholarly journals Edge effects on the blowfly fauna (Diptera, Calliphoridae) of the Tijuca National Park, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 999-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Q. Gadelha ◽  
A. C. Ribeiro ◽  
V. M. Aguiar ◽  
C. A. Mello-Patiu
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
National Park ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Anthropogenic Influence ◽  
Anthropogenic Influences ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Synanthropic Species

Abstract In this contribution we examine the diversity, abundance and species richness of Calliphoridae in the Tijuca National Park, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Specimens were collected monthly between September 2009 and August 2010, using sardines as bait, in three points: A, on the forest edge (22°56’846"S 43°17’496"W), B, 700m from it (22°57’073"S 43°17’832"W) and C, 1,200m into the forest (22°57’321"S 43°18’031"W), evaluating the indicator species at each point and the anthropogenic influences and abiotic factors that determine species distribution. A total of 16,364 Calliphoridae were collected and 17 species were identified. Species abundance was strongly positively correlated with temperature. The greatest number of flies was collected at A, but in this point, diversity was lower and most individuals collected belonged to the dominant species. Point C, conversely, had the lower abundance and the highest diversity. Chrysomya megacephala, an urban and synanthropic species, was dominant at point A, whereas Laneela nigripes and Mesembrinella peregrina, typically forest species, were considered indicators at points B and C, respectively, showing that the anthropogenic influence is more intense at the forest edge.

scholarly journals Determination of Relative Frequency of Calretinin Expression in Patients with Breast Cancer in Yazd, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Ehsan Arjmandzadeh ◽  
◽  
Fariba Binesh ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Ihc Markers

Introduction: Breast cancer is known as the most common type of cancer among women in the world. Several methods have been proposed to predict the behavior of breast carcinoma. Recently calretinin has been found to be a reliable factor in predicting tumor survival rate in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative frequency of calretinin expression in patients with breast cancer in Yazd,Iran. Material and methods: In this cross-sectional retrospective study, the clinicopathologic features and the outcome of patients with breast cancer from 2017 to 2018 were reviewed at Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Yazd, Iran. The influence of potential prognostic parameters in the overall survival was investigated by log-rank test and Cox regression analysis. Results: Among 100 cases with breast carcinoma, 14.5% were positive for calretinin. The distribution of the rate of positivity of IHC markers including ER, PR, P53, Ki67 and Her2 was 62.9%, 57.1%, 46.2%, 80.5% and 22.1%, respectively. The most common grade and stage were grade2 and stage3 respectively. There was no significant difference in the status of IHC markers (including ER, PR, Her2 and Ki67) in terms of calretinin. 66.7% of the patients with calretinin positive results were P53 positive. The results of the mean tumor size distribution in the two groups of positive and negative calretinin showed a significant difference (P-value = 0.05). A lower age at the time of diagnosis was found in patients with calretinin positive results (P-value = 0.119). The mean survival rate in calretinin positive group was 6.71 years and 6.62 years in calretinin negative patients which was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated an association between calretinin expression and other IHC markers (although not statistically significant) in predicting poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. In addition, we found a statistically significant association among calretinin with smaller tumor size and lower age at the time of diagnosis in patients with breast cancer.

scholarly journals THYROID DISORDERS;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahat Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Saeed ◽  
Sadaf Zia ◽  
FAUZIA Jan ◽  
Sara Muzaffar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Infertile Couple ◽  
P Value ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
Cycle Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Profile

Infertility has been considered as a worldwide global health issue. It is a human nature that every couple wants to have children so that the relationship can become stronger. Defect in thyroid hormone levels is one of the factors which can lead to reproductive cycle disorders and thus infertility results. Objectives: The purpose of current study was to investigate the levels of thyroid hormones in primary infertile and fertile females in order to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid disordsers. Study Design: Case control study. Place of Study: Outdoor of gynecology department of Madinah Teaching Hospital, Faisalabad. Duration of Study: 6 months from July to December 2017. Material and Methods: The study enrolled total 91 females of reproductive age 20-35 years which included 45 primary infertile females and 46 fertile females. They were divided into two groups. Group I: case/primary infertile women group (n= 45) and Group II: control /fertile females group (n= 46). Data was collected by taking history and clinical examination. Hormonal profile including fT3, fT4 and TSH was done by means of chemiluminescentimmunoassay. Results were analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Results: Most of the infertile females were euthyroid and hyperthyroidism was the most common thyroid disorder. The prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism was about 9.3% and 26.7% respectively. The p-value showed the non-significant difference in the levels of fT3, fT4 and TSH between primary infertile and fertile females.Significant positive correlation between fT3 and fT4 while non-significant negative correlation was observed between fT3 & TSH and fT4& TSH in primary infertile females. Conclusion: Infertile females with menstrual irregularities should be advised thyroid profile in order to avoid other unnecessary investigations. Evaluation of thyroid status in the infertile couple is not only important but also easy because its treatment is very simple and often has revocable effects on subfertility.

scholarly journals Role of weather parameters on seasonal abundance of insects in a mangobased agroforestry in Bangladesh, with particular reference to mango hopper

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
S Namni ◽  
MR Amin ◽  
MRU Miah ◽  
MF Rahman ◽  
SJ Suh
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Weather Parameters

Weekly sweeping was done by sweep net in order to collect insects to study the effect of weather parameters on the seasonal abundance of total insect species as well as mango hopper population in a mango-based agroforestry in Bangladesh during January to June 2013. The total insect species abundance was the highest during April to May, following the flushing of inflorescence and fruit set. At that time temperature and relative humidity were comparatively higher and there was rainfall. Mango hopper population was the highest in May and synchronized to fruit set. The abundance of total insect species and mango hopper population showed significant positive correlation with temperature, and relative humidity, while significant negative correlation with light intensity and non-significant positive correlation with rainfall. Multiple linear regression equation based on weather parameters revealed 59.2% and 61.7% role on population build up of total insect species and mango hopper, respectively. Temperature was found to be the most important effect which individually contributed 31.3% on population abundance of total insect species and 29.9% on mango hopper.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(2): 197-205, June 2017

scholarly journals The Relationship between Portunidae Diversity and Mangrove Density at Popongan Coastal Baluran National Park, East Java Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Yuni Kartika Dewi ◽  
Hari Purnomo ◽  
Sudarmadji Sudarmadji
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
National Park ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
P Value ◽  
Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
R Program ◽  
The Relationship

This research was conducted in the mangrove forest of Popongan beach at Baluran National Park, East Java. The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between mangrove density and Portunidae diversity in mangrove forest at Popongan beach. Line transect method was used in this research. There are three transects consist of 17 plots, each plot sized 20m x 20m. The data analysis were done by using Person correlation and linear regression R Program. The results showed p-value 0,003, it means there is relationship between Portunidae diversity and the mangrove density. The temperature and tide showed p-value < 0,005, that means the abiotic factors affect Portunidae diversity in mangrove. The Portunidae diversity at mangrove forest of Popongan beach is relatively low (H’value 0,152). There were five species was found, there were Charybdis (Charybdis) miles, Podhopthalmus vigil, Portunuspelagicus,Scyllaserrata,and Thalamita crenata. The dominant species in this mangrove forest is Thalamita crenata. The composition of mangrove forest vegetation were Rhizophora apiculata, Ceriops tagal, Lumnitzera racemosa, Rhizophora stylosa, Sonneratia alba, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Pemphis acidula, dan Xylocarpus  moluccensis. The dominant vegetation in this mangrove forest is Rhizophora apiculata.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Status in Neonatal Pulmonary Infections: Relationship to Inflammatory Indicators

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
pp. 3970-3974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghada M. El-Kassas ◽  
Maged A. El Wakeel ◽  
Mona A. Elabd ◽  
Alyaa H. Kamhawy ◽  
Mohamed Abdel Atti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pentraxin 3 ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Significant Difference

AIM: The study aimed to evaluate serum vitamin D concentrations among neonates with pneumonia. METHODS: This case-control study enrolled 33 neonates with pneumonia in addition to 30 healthy controls. CBC, CRP, Serum vitamin D and Pentraxin 3 levels were measured for all participants. RESULTS: There was significant difference between patients and controls regarding Hemoglobin levels, TLC and CRP (p value < 0.01, = 0.002, < 0.01 respectively). Patients with pneumonia showed significant lower levels of Vit. D (9 ± 2.1) compared to controls (14.1 ± 2.8), P value < 0.01. However, patient group had significant higher levels of Pentraxin 3 (29.1 ± 4.8) compared with controls (12.6 ± 3), P value < 0.01. Moreover, mechanically ventilated patients revealed significant lower vit D (7.7 ± 1.8) and higher pentraxin 3 (32.2 ± 2.6) compared to patients on free oxygen (9.1 ± 2.1, 26.4 ± 3.7 respectively), P value = 0.05, 0.02 respectively. Regarding hospital stay, it had significant positive correlation with serum pentraxin 3 (r = 0.6, P value < 0.01) and significant negative correlation with serum vit D (r = -0.4, P value = 0.04). Finally a significant negative correlation between serum levels of vitamin D and Pentraxin 3 was found (r = -0.4, P value = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Lower concentration of serum vitamin D may be significantly associated with neonatal pneumonia. It also can predict the need for mechanical ventilation and duration of hospital stay in neonatal pneumonia. Similarly, higher levels of Pentraxin 3 may be used as an indicator for mechanical ventilation need and a longer hospital stay in neonates with pneumonia.

scholarly journals Species diversity and spatial distribution of amphibian fauna along the altitudinal gradients in Jigme Dorji National Park, western Bhutan

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 14249-14258
Author(s):  
Bal Krishna Koirala ◽  
Karma Cheda ◽  
Tshering Penjor
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
National Park ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Elevation Gradients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Survey Technique

This paper presents the results of a study conducted on the diversity and spatial distribution of amphibian fauna in two different habitat types along the elevation gradients of Mochu River valley in Jigme Dorji National Park, Bhutan.  The survey was conducted from November 2017 to February 2019.  The study aimed to assess the diversity and distribution of amphibians using an opportunistic visual encounter survey technique.  A total of 16 species of amphibians belonging to nine genera distributed among seven families were documented during the study period. The Shannon diversity index was relatively higher in the primary forest habitat than in the agro-ecosystem, however, there was no statistically significant difference of species abundance. The decreasing trend of diversity and abundance of amphibian fauna was noticed towards higher altitudinal zones.  About 56% of species were recorded in the lower sampling sites (1200–1600m) indicating more favourable climatic conditions and habitat types for amphibian assemblages at lower elevations.

scholarly journals Seasonal and diel variation in the fish assemblage of a Neotropical delta in southern Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Saccol-Pereira ◽  
Clarice B. Fialho
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Fish Assemblage ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Abiotic Factor ◽  
Diel Variation ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year

The objective of this study was to identify the patterns of seasonal and diel variation and the most important abiotic factors that influence variation in the fish assemblage of the Delta of the Jacuí River in southern Brazil. Seventy-two samples were collected over a one year period. Water temperature was the abiotic factor with the greatest influence on the distribution of the assemblage. The structure of the assemblage exhibited significant changes in terms of species abundance and biomass during the year, with the greatest abundance and biomass being observed during the autumn. There was no significant difference between day and night in terms of abundance, but biomass was significantly greater during the night than during the day.

scholarly journals Mosquito Species Abundance, Distribution and Diversity in Ughelli North Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
E Onodua ◽  
PE Odo ◽  
AO Egwunyenga
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Species Abundance Distribution ◽  
Abundance Distribution ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽  
Significant Difference

This research was carried out to record mosquito species abundance, distribution, diversity and breeding sites in four villages of Ughelli North Local Government Area of Delta State. Potential habitats of mosquitoes were sampled using dippers, hand-lens and plastic containers between June and November 2014. A total number of 274 sites were examined and only 146 were positive for mosquito larvae. The habitats sampled include domestic containers 107(39.05%), puddles 59(21.53%), tyres 47(17.15%) and drains 61(22.26%). The variation in the number of larvae collected from the various habitats were not significant (P=0.1203, F=2.705 and df= 3). One thousand six hundred and fifty-three (1.653) mosquito larvae were collected and reared to adults. Seven hundred and twelve (712) of the larvae emerged as adults that were separated into three genera: Anopheles, Aedes and culex and identified up to species level. Culex quinquefasciatus was found to be the most abundant (29.35%) in the study area, followed by Aedes aegypti (25.70%). C. nebulosus was the least abundant species with 2.95 %. Domestic containers were the most preferred breeding habitats for all the mosquito species and the variation in the species of mosquito with respect to types of habitat showed significant association in Ofuoma (P=0.0167, F=4.322,df=3) and Adjekota (P=0.0252, F=3.852, df=3). There was significant difference in the occurrence of mosquito species in the month of September (p value 0.0085) compared to June (p value 0.0518), July (p value 0.2370), August (p value 0.1920), October (p value 0.0534) and November (p value 0.0241. Variations existed in the physico-chemical parameters in the different sources of collections in different locations. Temperature ranged from 20.0 to 24.60C while pH (hydrogen ion concentration) range was 6.9 – 7.7 and Dissolved oxygen (D.O) ranged between 1.4 and 2.7(mg/L) as Conductivity ranged between 67.9 and 82.1(μs) and turbidity varied from 62.0NTU in the container samples to 84.2NTU in the gutter samples and depth varied between 6.3 and 68.3(cm) across the different locations but depth ranged from 6.3cm to 68.3cm and temperature was (22.8±2.6), Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and mean was used to determine the significant differences (p<0.05) in habitats and species distribution while Shannon Wiener and Simpson indices were used to determine species diversity and abundance. There is need for concerted efforts in mosquito control in Ughelli North to mitigate the incidence of mosquito transmitted diseases.

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