scholarly journals Effect of Oyster Mushroom on Kidney in Stress Induced Depressed Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Sharmin Akhter ◽  
Nahid Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Laboratory ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Mushroom Extract ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Depression is associated with stressful condition which may cause kidney damage. Oyster mushroom (plurotus florida) may have free radical scavenging activity thereby can be used for the prevention and treatment for kidney damage.Objective: to observe the effect of oyster mushroom (plurotus florida) on kidney in restraint stress induced depressed rats.Methods: This experimental study was conducted from July 2012 to June 2013 in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College( SSMC), Mitford, Dhaka. Thirty Wister albino male rats, aged 90 to 100 days, weighing 150 to 180g (initial body weight) were used in the present study. Then they were divided into Group I (Control group, without mushroom n=20) and Group II (Experimental group, depressed rats supplemented with mushroom n=10). Control group without mushroom again subdivided into Group Ia,( baseline control n=10) and Group Ib (depressed control n=10) . All groups of animals were received basal diet for 28 consecutive days started from the 1st day of the study period. Group Ib (depressed control) and group II (depressed mushroom supplemented) were housed under controlled condition in rat immobilizer (made up of steel wire, measuring 9´´x2.75´´ of light weight) for 6 hour/day for 28 days for the development of stress induced depression. In addition, only group II received oyster mushroom extract (200 mg/kg body weight, orally) for the same period. One rat of Group Ib (depressed control) was expired after 10 days for unknown cause. All 29 rats were sacrificed on day 30. Then blood sample and kidneys specimen were collected. Initial (initial bw ) and final body weights (final bw) were measured. Then estimation of blood glucose and serum urea levels were done by standard laboratory technique. Histology of kidney was done by standard laboratory procedure. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS windows Version -16. One way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests were done as applicable.Results: In this study blood glucose level and serum urea level was significantly higher and abnormal histological structure was found in stress induced depressed rats. After taking mushroom extract for 28 days all the parameters were improved.Conclusion: From this study it can be concluded that oyster mushroom(Pleurotus florida) which is excellent edible and nutritious, may have renoprotective effect.Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2017, June; 12(1): 33-40

scholarly journals Study the Histopathological Effects of Sildenafil Treatment on the Kidney of Adult Male Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Yasmeen J. Mohammed ◽  
Zainab Khudair
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Histopathological Effects

The present study was aimed to detection the histopathological changes on the kidney of male rats treated with sildenafil drug. In this study, 40 adult male rats were used. These rats divided into four equal groups, each group involved ten rats, group I receive normal saline (1ml/Kg) as control group (N= 10). Group II, III and group IIII was received sildenafil orally at a with following concentration of (1.25,2.5 and 5mg/kg) body weight for 3 months respectively. At the end of experiments. All animals are euthanized and both kidney samples are collected for histopathology assessment. The result demonstrate deferent lesion in kidney structures in treated groups involved degeneration and necrosis of cortical renal tubules, Area of cystic dilation in glomeruli. Cystic dilation in renal tubules also the result recorded dilation glomeruli with dilation of bowman space, finally dilation glomeruli’s with degenerate cellularity and calcification of tubules in compared to control group including normal glomeruli and normal renal tubules.

Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Carica Papaya seeds in Drug-Induced Acute Nephrotoxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2951-2953
Author(s):  
Sameer Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Attiya Munir ◽  
Amtul Hafeez ◽  
Sher Afghan Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Papaya Seeds ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Nephrotoxicity is characterized by raised serum urea and creatinine levels and kidneys being one of the primary organs of drug concentration and excretion are vulnerable to many widely used marketed drugs, including anti-cancer drugs, antibiotics, immunosuppressants, and radio contrast agents, are nephrotoxic. Aim: To determine the nephroprotective effect of ethanolic extract of Carica papaya seeds in Aminoglycoside induced acute nephrotoxicity. Study design: Quasi Experimental study. Methodology: Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were sub divided into 3 groups i.e., I, II and III with 10 rats in each group. Group II and III were administered Aminoglycoside drug; Gentamycin in 80 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal route once daily for 5 consecutive days to induce acute nephrotoxicity. At day 6, nephrotoxicity was confirmed by measuring serum urea and creatinine. Ethanolic extract of Carica papaya seeds (1000 mg/kg) was started once daily through oral route in group III for 5 consecutive days to see the nephroprotective effects of seed extract after causing acute kidney injury. All animals were given standard diet pellets manufactured at NIH. Results: Mean serum urea and creatinine for Group I (Control Group) at day 0 were 24.90 mg/dL ± 1.633 and .750 mg/dL ± .0619 respectively. Mean serum urea and creatinine for Group II (Disease Control Group) was 81.00 mg/dL ± 1.247 and 1.980mg/dL ± .0467 at day 6th. This suggested induction of nephrotoxicity by Gentamycin. Mean serum urea and creatinine for Group III (Ethanolic Extract Treated Group) at 11 day was 72.40mg/dL± .991 and 1.680 mg/dL± .0467 after 5 days treatment with ethanolic extract of Carica papaya seeds. Conclusion: We concluded that ethanolic extract of Carica papaya seeds has significant nephroprotective effects on Aminoglycoside induced acute nephrotoxicity in rats. Keywords: COVID-19, Vaccination, Awareness and Adverse Effects

scholarly journals AMELIORATION OF GENTAMICIN-INDUCED RENAL DAMAGE IN RATS BY ETHANOL EXTRACT OF THE WHOLE PLANT BIOPHYTUM SENSITIVUM (LINN.) DC

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Abhirama B. R. ◽  
Shanmuga Sundaram R ◽  
Raju A
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: Present study was undertaken to investigate the nephroprotective activity of whole plant ethanol extract of Biophytum sensitivum Linn. DC (B. sensitivum; EEBS) on gentamicin induced-nephrotoxicity in Wistar albino rats.Methods: Animals were divided into five groups, containing six animals in each. Gentamicin (GM) 100 mg/kg/d; i. p., was given to all groups except normal control to induce nephrotoxicity for a period of 8 d in rats. Animals in Group I served as control and Group II as GM-treated or nephrotoxic control. Group III received standard quercetin (50 mg/kg; p. o.); group IV received EEBS (250 mg/kg; p. o.) and group V received EEBS (500 mg/kg; p. o.), for 8 d. Several renal functional tests and injury markers such as a change in body weight, water intake, urine volume and pH, urinary levels of total protein, albumin, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium were measured. Different hematological parameters including, red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), white blood corpuscles (WBC), lymphocyte, monocyte, polymorphs and eosinophil were also analyzed.Results: The results revealed that co-administration of EEBS at 250 and 500 mg/kg significantly reduced the urinary excretion of total protein (4.05±0.04, 3.53±0.05 g/dl), albumin (0.81±0.08, 0.71±0.00 g/dl), calcium (8.05±0.05, 7.81±0.06 mg/dl) and magnesium (0.79±0.05, 0.77±0.06 mg/dl) respectively. EEBS treatment in group IV and V animals produced a significant increase in body weight (2.58±0.17, 2.52±0.22 g), water intake (17.35±0.82, 17.87±0.86 ml/24 h) urine output (7.24±0.15, 7.88±0.08 ml/24 h), compared to animals in group II. Co-therapy with both doses of extracts also showed significant increase in RBC (6.85±0.31, 7.10±0.43 million/mm3) Hb (13.96±0.21, 13.83±0.31 g/dl), MCH (20.45±0.49, 20.67±0.51 pg) and PCV (38.29±0.42, 38.53±0.20%) levels, whereas WBC (8.24±0.21, 8.15±0.10 1X103/mm3) and polymorphs (14.19±0.20, 14.05±0.11%) levels were found to be significantly reduced respectively in animals than those in toxic control group.Conclusion: This study substantiated and confirmed the ethnomedical usefulness of B. sensitivum as a nephroprotective and antioxidant agent.

scholarly journals Differential Expression of CD3, TNF-α, and VEGF Induced by Olanzapine on the Spleen of Adult Male Albino Rats and the Possible Protective Role of Vitamin C

Biomedicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Sahar Youssef ◽  
Marwa Salah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Group Ii

Olanzapine is an antipsychotic drug effective in the treatment of stress-associated psychiatric illnesses, but its effect on the spleen remains unclear. Vitamin C is essential for the optimum function of the immune system. We aim to investigate the effect of Olanzapine on spleen structures and to assess the protective effect of vitamin C. Forty adult male albino rats were divided into four groups: group (I), a control; group (II), rats were given vitamin C at 40 mg/kg body weight; group (III), rats were given Olanzapine at 2 mg/kg body weight; and group (IV), rats were given vitamin C and Olanzapine at the same dose of group (II) and group (III) for one month. The hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) of the olanzapine treated group showed focal areas of cellular depletion and a decrease in the size of the white pulp. The red pulp was expanded and showed marked congestion and dilatation of blood sinusoids. Cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) was significantly reduced, however both tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were significantly higher. The administration of vitamin C repaired structural and immunohistochemical changes via increased CD3 and decreased TNF-α and VEGF. Therefore, the oxidative and the inflammatory pathways may be the possible mechanisms underlying olanzapine immunotoxicity. Vitamin C exerted immune modulator and antioxidant effects against olanzapine.

The effect of polysaccharides calamus on the liver and esophagus cancerogenesis wile the experiment

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (29) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Болиева ◽  
Laura Bolieva ◽  
Кокоев ◽  
Leonid Kokoev ◽  
Закс ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Multiple Tumors ◽  
Esophagus Cancer ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Tumors Of The Liver

The effect of polysaccharides Calamus on the occurrence of tumors of the liver and esophagus induced by N-nitrosodiethylamine in rats was studied. The experiment was conducted on 32 male rats of Wistar line. Animals were divided into 2 groups: group I (n = 16) – animals received only carcinogen 100 mg / l daily for 4 months and Group II (n = 16) – the animals treated with the carcinogen along polysaccharides calamus marsh at a dose of 75 mg/kg of body weight daily for 6 months. Fallen in the course of the experiment the animals were opened. At the end of the experiment the liver and esophagus of all animals were subjected to macro- and microscopic examination. The obtained findings suggest that the ability of polysaccharides exert anticarcinogenic effects on the liver and esophagus cancer, appears to reduce the incidence of malignant tumors, multiple tumors and inhibition of malignancy neoplastic changes in them.

scholarly journals HMG-COA Reductase Inhibition by Simvastatin Reduces Neointimal Inflammation in a Rat Model of Atherosclerosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Rezina Sultana ◽  
Md Sayedur Rahman ◽  
Nargis Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesion ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Coa Reductase ◽  
Ischemic Events

Background: Inhibitors of HMG-CoA-reductase reduce cardiovascular mortality through the mechanisms yet elucidated. Most ischemic events are secondary to disruption of atherosclerotic plaques highly infiltrated by macrophages.Objectives: To study the effect of the 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA)-reductase inhibitor simvastatin on the potential mechanisms involved in the recruitment of monocytic cells into the vessel wall.Methodology: This experimental study was carried out in the Laboratory of the Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, BSMMU, Shahbag, Dhaka, during the period from 1st July 2008 to 30th June 2009. Fifty healthy Long-Evans Norwegian male rats aged between 3-4 months and weighing between 180-200gm were randomly selected and divided into 3 groups (A, B & C). Control group A (n=10) were fed on standard rat diet for 8 weeks, Vehicle fed group B (n=10) were fed soybean oil at a dose of 1ml once daily for 8 weeks and 2% cholesterol fed group C (n=30) were fed a 2% cholesterol enriched diet (suspension of cholesterol powder in soybean oil) at a dose of 100mg/ml of 2ml once daily for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks 10 rats of each group were sacrificed and remaining 20 rats of group C were continued to the part II of the experiment and divided into two groups. Group-I (cholesterol fed control group, n=10) and Group-II (simvastatin treated group). Group-I fed 0.5ml of o.1% cholesterol enriched diet once daily to maintain atherosclerotic state & Group-II treated with 1ml of 60mg/ml simvastatin at a dose of 300mg/Kg/day along with 0.5ml of 0.1% cholesterol enriched diet. After 8 weeks all the rats of two group were sacrified. Blood collected from each rats for estimation of serum lipid profile by enzymatic methods and aorta was preserved for histopathological examination and Intima-media ratio was measured using Image-proplus software (Silva et al, 2000).Results: Simvastatin induced a significant reduction in serum lipids (p<0.001) and in atherosclerotic lesion size (p<0.001). Aortic macrophage infiltration was abolished by the treatment.Conclusions: In a rat atherosclerosis model, simvastatin diminished the neointimal inflammation and this could contribute to the stabilization of the atherosclerotic plaque. This may be an additional explanation for the reduction of acute ischemic events in patients treated with statins. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpp.v28i1-2.20073 Bangladesh J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 28(1&2):5-9

scholarly journals Effects of Gradually Increasing Force Generated by Permanent Rare Earth Magnets for Orthodontic Tooth Movement

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1004-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Tomizuka ◽  
Hiroyasu Kanetaka ◽  
Yoshinaka Shimizu ◽  
Akihiro Suzuki ◽  
Kaoru Igarashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Objective: To examine the effects of gradually increasing force generated by permanent rare earth magnets for orthodontic tooth movement by using a novel experimental rat model and computer simulation. Materials and Methods: Fifty-five male rats (age 18 weeks) were used as animal experiments. Magnetic (experimental groups) or titanium (control group) cuboids (1.5 × 1.5 × 0.7 mm) were bonded to the lingual surface of the maxillary first molars. The initial distance between materials was 1.0 mm, generating 4.96 gf (experimental group I), or 1.5 mm, generating 2.26 gf (experimental group II). Tooth movement was measured and periodontal structures were observed with microfocus x-ray computed tomography radiographs. Results: The distance between the magnets decreased with time in experimental groups I and II (P &lt; .001), whereas there was no tooth displacement in the control group. Experimental group I showed rapid tooth movement in the initial phase followed by slower tooth movement. Experimental group II showed gradual tooth movement. Horizontal sections on microfocus computed tomgraphy radiographs revealed no pathological changes, such as root resorption, on the compressed side in the experimental groups. Conclusions: The initial light force and gradual increasing force in magnetic attractive force induced effective tooth movement in rats without inducing any pathological changes.

scholarly journals How do vegetable oils (hazelnut and canola) affect the reproductive system in male rats?

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Bűlent Kati ◽  
Fatih Oguz ◽  
Ismet Yilmaz ◽  
Ender Akdemir ◽  
Ramazan Altintas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Hazelnut Oil ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Serum Hormone ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: Vegetable oils have an important place in our daily diet. This study starts from this point to investigate the effects of canola oil and hazelnut oil in the male reproductive system in rats. Material and methods: 30 male rats were used in this 16-week study. The animals were divided into three groups: the animals in group I served as the control group, while the animals in group II and group III were fed with hazelnut and canola oil, respectively. The testes of all rats were excised for histopathologic evaluation and immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluation with a standard method. Blood samples were obtained for determination of serum hormone levels. Results: No significant differences were noted with respect to behavior or weight among the three groups. Rats in the canola oil group (group III) had higher luteinizing hormone (LH) and higher testosterone levels than rats in the control group. Rats who received hazelnut oil (group II) exhibited similar findings, with these levels being higher than they were in the control group. No statistical differences were shown for histopathology or IHC testosterone antibody levels across all treatment groups. Conclussion: Canola oil was shown to have a greater effect on serum LH and testosterone compared to the control group and the group fed with hazelnut oil. Further investigation is required into how these oils affect serum hormone and sperm activity.

scholarly journals The effect of magnetic field on hatchability of Japanese quail eggs

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 355-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Tarasewicz ◽  
D. Szczerbinska ◽  
D. Majewska ◽  
A. Danczak ◽  
M. Ligocki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Variable Magnetic Field ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Egg Hatchability ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Similar Body

The effect of environmental conditions on hatching indices of poultry eggs is sufficiently important that new methods for their improvement are sought, among others through exposing the eggs during hatching to an artificially generated magnetic field of variable frequency. Hatching eggs in this study came from Pharaoh quail in the 4th month of laying. The flock was kept under optimum microclimate conditions and fed a complete feed mix containing 21% total protein and 11.7 MJ ME. The eggs (n = 150), after weighing, were divided into 3 groups equal in respect of numbers: control (I) and two experimental (II and III). The eggs of group II and III were exposed to the action of variable magnetic field of the same intensity but different times of application. The highest percentage of dead embryos during incubation in relation to fertilised eggs was found in control group (11.36%), while the smallest was from group II (4.17%). The highest value of hatching indices calculated in relation to fertilised eggs was found in group II (91.6%), while the smallest was in group III (83.7%) with 86.3% in control group. The results point to the possibility of increasing egg hatchability indices through the use of additional variable magnetic field. The chicks hatched from eggs exposed to the action of this experimental agent had similar body weight. The average weight of one-day-old chicks ranged from 7.82 g (group II) to 8.05 g (group III). In the last week of rearing, mean body weight in both sexes was similar and ranged from 168 (group I) to 172 g (group III) in males, and from 186 g (group I) to 199 g (group III) in females; these differences were not statistically significant. The females of group III reached sexual maturity at 41 days, this being one and three days (non-significantly) earlier than birds in group I and II. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Effects of Spirulina platensis on alloxan induced diabetic rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
SMAK Hussaini ◽  
MI Hossain ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
K Rafiq
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group

The study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Spirulina platensis on body weight, blood glucose and lipid profile on alloxan induced diabetic rats. Fifteen Long Evans male rats at six weeks of age were used for the experiment. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan@ 150 mg/kg and experiment was carried out for a period of 6 weeks. Rats were divided into three groups of 5 rats each. The groups were i)healthy control, ii) diabetic control with both receiving rats’ pellet as supplement, and iii) diabetic treated with oral administration of Spirulina platensis  @ 400 mg/kg bwt. Results from the study showed that Spirulina platensis reduced blood glucose significantly (P<0.01) and increased body weight significantly (P<0.05) in contrast to diabetic control group after 6 weeks. Lipid profile analysis with Spirulina platensis @ 400 mg/kg showed that total cholesterol, plasma triglycerides, and LDL were lowered significantly   compared to diabetic groups in contrast to HDL levels which were increased following the use of Spirulina platensis. Our findings showed that oral administration of Spirulina platensis could reduce the adverse effect of alloxan induced diabetes in rats. Based on this research it can be concluded that Spirulina platensis has antihyperglycemic and hypolipidimic effects in alloxan induced diabetic rats.Progressive Agriculture 29 (2): 139-146, 2018

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