Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Carica Papaya seeds in Drug-Induced Acute Nephrotoxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2951-2953
Author(s):  
Sameer Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Attiya Munir ◽  
Amtul Hafeez ◽  
Sher Afghan Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Papaya Seeds ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Nephrotoxicity is characterized by raised serum urea and creatinine levels and kidneys being one of the primary organs of drug concentration and excretion are vulnerable to many widely used marketed drugs, including anti-cancer drugs, antibiotics, immunosuppressants, and radio contrast agents, are nephrotoxic. Aim: To determine the nephroprotective effect of ethanolic extract of Carica papaya seeds in Aminoglycoside induced acute nephrotoxicity. Study design: Quasi Experimental study. Methodology: Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were sub divided into 3 groups i.e., I, II and III with 10 rats in each group. Group II and III were administered Aminoglycoside drug; Gentamycin in 80 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal route once daily for 5 consecutive days to induce acute nephrotoxicity. At day 6, nephrotoxicity was confirmed by measuring serum urea and creatinine. Ethanolic extract of Carica papaya seeds (1000 mg/kg) was started once daily through oral route in group III for 5 consecutive days to see the nephroprotective effects of seed extract after causing acute kidney injury. All animals were given standard diet pellets manufactured at NIH. Results: Mean serum urea and creatinine for Group I (Control Group) at day 0 were 24.90 mg/dL ± 1.633 and .750 mg/dL ± .0619 respectively. Mean serum urea and creatinine for Group II (Disease Control Group) was 81.00 mg/dL ± 1.247 and 1.980mg/dL ± .0467 at day 6th. This suggested induction of nephrotoxicity by Gentamycin. Mean serum urea and creatinine for Group III (Ethanolic Extract Treated Group) at 11 day was 72.40mg/dL± .991 and 1.680 mg/dL± .0467 after 5 days treatment with ethanolic extract of Carica papaya seeds. Conclusion: We concluded that ethanolic extract of Carica papaya seeds has significant nephroprotective effects on Aminoglycoside induced acute nephrotoxicity in rats. Keywords: COVID-19, Vaccination, Awareness and Adverse Effects

Features of the cervix uteri in women of reproductive age with endometrial polyps and micropolyps

2016 ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
T.F. Tatarchuk ◽  
◽  
D.G. German ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Endometrial Polyps ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Aggressive Form ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Control Group Group

The article presents the comparative analysis of the state of the cervix in women with endometrial polyps and micropolyps. Patients and methods. The study involved 130 patients aged 18-35 years: 70 patients with endometrial polyps (group I), 30 patients with micropolyps (group II) and 30 patients of the control group (group III). Results. According to the anamnesis of women in the I group were significantly more frequent diseases of the cervix, which corrected physical surgery methods, in particular cryodestruction. In group II, the representatives of these indicators were similar to healthy. Normal colposcopic picture met significantly less frequently in patients and I, and II group. The differences in the incidence of HPV high oncogenic risk in all groups were not statistically significant. Conclusion. Destructive methods used in the detection of any changes in the cervix are often overly aggressive, form scars and contributing to inflamaciones process. In the chain of events leading to the formation of PE, cervical pathology and its correction can take the basic place. Key words: endometrial polyp, micropolyps, chronic endometritis, uterine cervix, colposcopy.

scholarly journals Irisin levels in relation to metabolic and liver functions in Egyptian patients with metabolic syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma H. Rizk ◽  
Samah A. Elshweikh ◽  
Amira Y. Abd El-Naby
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Liver Functions ◽  
Group Ii

Irisin is a new myokine that is suspected to influence metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, there is a great controversy with respect to its level in cases of MetS and its correlation with different metabolic parameters. The present study assesses irisin levels in MetS patients and studies its relationship to metabolic and liver functions to evaluate the possible role of the liver in regulation of this level. Sixty subjects were included in this experiment, who were divided into 3 groups: group I (normal control), group II (MetS patients with normal liver enzymes), and group III (MetS with elevated liver enzymes and fatty liver disease). Serum irisin levels showed significant increases in groups II and III compared with group I, and significant increases in group III compared with group II. Also, irisin levels were positively correlated with body mass index, serum triglycerides, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), and liver enzymes. We concluded that serum irisin levels increased in patients with MetS, especially those with elevated liver enzymes, and had a positive correlation with parameters of lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis with the possibility of hepatic clearance to irisin.

scholarly journals Effect of Fiber Rich Product on Childhood Obesity and Lipid Profile Aged 10-12 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
A. Jyoth ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Diet Survey ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Green Peas

The effect of fiber rich product on child hood obesity studied with 60 sample which were collected randomly among 10-12 years and categorized into 2 groups i.e, experimental group and control group. Experimental group further categorized into three groups i.e, supplementation with exercise (n=15), only supplementation group (n=15), only exercise group (n=15) and control group consists of (n=15).Anthropometric, and diet survey conducted as parameters. A fiber rich product was prepared and supplemented for 2 months to the selected subjects and it consists of whole Bengal gram, whole green gram, green peas, barley and jaggery. Positive results were obtained in three experimental groups. Significant decrease observed inweight, and BMI, Total cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDL, VLDL significant increase observed in HDL in group I II and III. The results were (51.60-48.26kg, 24.7-23.1, 195.2-152.3 mg/dl, 168.2-145.0 mg/dl, 52.2-54.13 mg/dl, 109.4- 69.4mg/dl, 33.6-28.7mg/dl) in group I, In group II the results are (50.3-49.86kg, 23.7-23.4, 168.6-161.0mg/dl, 145.4-129.6mg/dl, 44.2-45.2 mg/dl, 95.3-90.0mg/dl, 29.1-28.3mg/dl).In group III the tesults aere (50.7-49.6kg, 24.5-23.9, 143.2-139.3mg/dl, 139-134.5mg/dl, 38.2-38.7mg/dl 76.8-74.1 mg/dl, 25.6-28.1mg/dl) .From the results it was clear that when compared to group II and III group I has shown better results.

Immunization of Guineapigs against Ascaris suum

1960 ◽  
Vol 34 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 347-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. Taffs
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Successful Attempt ◽  
Group I ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Previous Infection ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Intravenous Inoculation ◽  
Subcutaneous Inoculation ◽  
Control Group Group

It has been shown that guineapigs can be effectively protected against re-infection by the subcutaneous inoculation of embryonated Ascaris eggs (Soulsby, 1957). The purpose of this communication is to report a successful attempt to immunize guineapigs against a lethal oral challenge dose of eggs by the intravenous inoculation of third stage larvae of A. suum.Three groups, each containing nine guineapigs, were infected with Ascaris as follows: Group I was given 10,000 eggs by mouth. Group II Was inoculated intravenously with 2,000 third stage Ascaris larvae which had been obtained from the lungs of other guineapigs on the sixth day of infection. Both groups were challenged at the same time with 250,000 eggs by mouth, along with a control group (Group III) which had no previous infection. The guineapigs in Group I were re-infected after 18 days and those in Group II after 12 days.

Adaptive dose response pilot study of intravaginal Prostaglandin E2 application in free farrowing sows during parturition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Bill ◽  
Heiko Nathues ◽  
Alexander Grahofer
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin E2 ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Birth Process ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Meconium Staining

Abstract Background The duration of birth is an important factor influencing the survival of piglets and the health of sows. A prolonged parturition is usually treated with oxytocin, even though several undesirable side effects are described. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) of different concentrations as an intravaginal applied gel in sows. MethodsTwelve sows were randomly allocated to one of four treatment groups: Group I (control group) application of placebo gel; Group II application of 2.0 mg PGE2; Group III application of 1.0 mg PGE2; Group IV application of 0.5 mg PGE2. The gel was administered intravaginal after the birth of the fourth piglet. Total duration of birth (time between first piglet and last placenta), piglet interval and placenta expulsion duration (time between first and last placenta) were recorded, and each piglet was scored for meconium staining and vitality. Furthermore, stillborn piglets were categorized into ante-partum and intra-partum deaths. Results Although no significant differences between the groups were detected, a beneficial tendency in several parameters was observed in group III. The duration of birth was 284 min (average of 14.3 piglets per litter), whereas in all other groups it was more than 400 min (average of 18.0 piglets per litter). The piglet interval was 10.1 min in group II compared to 10.2 min in group III, 16 min in group IV and 21.4 min in group I. In group III the placenta expulsion duration was 119 min in contrast to the other groups with more than 266 min. Severe meconium staining in more than 10% of piglets was observed in group II and IV. Moreover, piglets of group II showed oedematous and haemorrhagic umbilical cords, lethargy and anoxia, and intra-partum deaths were recorded. Conclusion Although the sample size is limited in this study, it is assumed that an application of 1mg PGE2 intra-partum instead of lower or higher dosages has the most beneficial effects on the birth process in sows and on the vitality of piglets. Further investigation is necessary to confirm the positive effect of PGE2 in daily practise.

scholarly journals Effects of doxorubicin associated with amniotic membrane stem cells in the treatment of canine inflammatory breast carcinoma (IPC-366) cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Borghesi ◽  
Sara Caceres ◽  
Lara Carolina Mario ◽  
Angela Alonso-Diez ◽  
Ana Carolina Silveira Rabelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Background Tumours in mammary glands represent the most common neoplasia in bitches, as in humans. This high incidence results in part from the stimulation of sex hormones on these glands. Among mammary tumours, inflammatory carcinoma is the most aggressive, presenting a poor prognosis to surgical treatment and chemotherapy. One of the most widely used chemotherapy drugs for breast cancer treatment is doxorubicin (DOXO). Alternative therapies have been introduced in order to assist in these treatments; studies on treatments using stem cells have emerged, since they have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of DOXO and canine amniotic membrane stem cells (AMCs) on the triple-negative canine inflammatory mammary carcinoma cell line IPC-366. Methods Four experimental groups were analysed: a control group without treatment; Group I with DOXO, Group II with AMC and Group III with an association of DOXO and AMCs. We performed the MTT assay with DOXO in order to select the best concentration for the experiments. The growth curve was performed with all groups (I-III) in order to verify the potential of treatments to reduce the growth of IPC-366. For the cell cycle, all groups (I-III) were tested using propidium iodide. While in the flow cytometry, antibodies to progesterone receptor (PR), estrogen receptor (ER), PCNA, VEGF, IL-10 and TGF-β1 were used. For steroidogenic pathway hormones, an ELISA assay was performed. Results The results showed that cells treated with 10 µg/mL DOXO showed a 71.64% reduction in cellular growth after 72 h of treatment. Reductions in the expression of VEGF and PCNA-3 were observed by flow cytometry in all treatments when compared to the control. The intracellular levels of ERs were also significantly increased in Group III (4.67% vs. 27.1%). Regarding to the levels of steroid hormones, significant increases in the levels of estradiol (E2) and estrone sulphate (S04E1) were observed in Groups I and III. On the other hand, Group II did not show differences in steroid hormone levels in relation to the control. We conclude that the association of DOXO with AMCs (Group III) promoted a reduction in cell growth and in the expression of proteins related to proliferation and angiogenesis in IPC-366 triple-negative cells. Conclusions This treatment promoted ER positive expression, suggesting that the accumulated oestrogen conducted these cells to a synergistic state, rendering these tumour cells responsive to ERs and susceptible to new hormonal cancer therapies.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN THE EFFECT OF HISTAMINE RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS OF TYPE II (FAMOTIDINE) AND PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS (OMEPRAZOLE) ON THE EFFICACY OF CALCIUM CARBONATE AS PHOSPHATE BINDER IN HAEMODIALYSIS PATIENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Hossam Aboelyazeed ◽  
Sahar El-haggar ◽  
Kamal Okasha
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Phosphate Binder ◽  
Renal Dialysis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Pre Treatment

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of famotidine versus omeprazole on the efficacy of calcium carbonate as a phosphate binder in the hemodialysis patient.Methods: From February 2014 to June 2014 a total number of 64 patients of both sexes were recruited from the department of renal dialysis, Tanta University Hospital, Egypt. Patients categorized into 3 groups. Group I (control group) consisted of 20 Patients (10) females and (10) males take calcium carbonate (caco3) (2.5–4 g/d) only, Group II consisted of 21 Patients (13) females and (8) males take the same dose of caco3 with famotidine 10 mg/d and Group III consisted of 23 Patients (8) females and (15) male take the same dose caco3 with omeprazole 20 mg/d.Results: All data are expressed as the mean±SD. Group II showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in serum phosphorus at 3rd mo with significant decreased (p<0.05) in serum calcium comparing with pre-treatment. Group III showed no significant change (p>0.05) in serum calcium, phosphorus and parathyroid hormone (PTH) comparing with pre-treatment. Both groups (II and III) showed a significant decrease in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p<0.05).Conclusion: Co-administration of famotidine with calcium carbonate aggravates hyperphosphatemia and this may increase the incidence of complications. The efficacy of calcium carbonate as a phosphate binder was not affected by co-administration of omeprazole.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Carica Papaya Leaves and Indomethacin in Cotton Pellet Induced Granuloma in Animal Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afroza Sultana ◽  
Rumana Afroz ◽  
Onayza Yasmeen ◽  
Muqbula Tasrin Aktar ◽  
Md Abdullah Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Granuloma Formation ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Group I ◽  
Cotton Pellet ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Background: Anti-inflammatory effect can be exerted by Carica papaya. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the anti-inflammatory effect of ethanolic extract of Carica papaya leaves and indomethacin in carrageenan induced rat paw edema animal model. Methodology: This was an animal study carried out in the Department of Pharmacology at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from July 2014 to June 2015 for a period of one (01) year. The leaves of Carica Papaya collected from Botanical garden, Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The animals were divided into four groups. The animals were divided into four groups. In all the animals granuloma were induced by implantation of autoclaved cotton pellet on the 1st day and they treated as follows: Group I were served as control that was received normal saline. Group II were received ethanolic extract of Carica Papaya leaves. Group III were received ethanolic extract of Carica Papaya leaves. Group IV were received indomethacin. On the 15th day animals were anesthetized, implanted pellets were dissected out, dried at hit air oven and the final weights were measured. Result: The experiment was carried out on 48 Long Evan Norwegian rats. Rats were divided in 4 groups of six animals each. The mean increase of weight of cotton pellet was 48.06±1.02, 24.48±0.36, 22.42±0.56 and 18.02±0.43 in group I, II, III and IV respectively. The inhibition of granuloma formation was 49.06%, 53.35% and 62.51% in group II, III and IV respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion the ethanolic extract of Carica Papaya leaves has effects on cotton pellet induced granuloma formation in experimental rat. Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2019;6(1):2-5

The Role of sFas in the Immune Escape Mechanism and Progression of Cancer Larynx

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. CMENT.S2565
Author(s):  
Amr A El Badry ◽  
Ismail Elmofty ◽  
Amira Helmy
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Soluble Fas ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cancer Larynx ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

This work assess serum levels of soluble Fas form (sFas) in patients with different stages of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC) to investigate its prognostic significance. We correlate its levels with the morphological changes of peripheral blood cells via buffy coat examinatin. The study population included 70 patients clinically diagnosed and pathohistologically confirmed LSCC in addition to 20 healthy controls. According to TNM classification 33(47.1%) patients were in stage I (group I) and 24(34.3%) in stage II (group II), 13(18.5%) in stage III (group III). The results revealed that the mean serum level of sFas (pg/ml) in the control group was 51.2, in group I was 66.33, in group II was 81.33 and in group III was 112.45. Statistical analysis of the mean of sFas by ELISA test in the patients' groups in comparison to the control revealed a significant increase of both group II and III in comparison to the control group (P < 0.01) but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between group I in comparison to either the control or group II. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between group I in comparison to group III. LM examination revealed massive extent of the apoptotic cells in group III when compared to both group I and group II. EM examination of the buffy coat revealed apoptotic changes, mainly in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs), represented by surface membrane ruffles and blebs with clumped nuclear chromatin and vacuolated cytoplasm. In conclusion, this study may help us to better understand one of the escape mechanisms in cancer larynx. This mechanism is represented by the significant increase in both the serum level of sFas and the morphological apoptotic changes that detected in PBMNCs. Soluble Fas may contribute to the progression of laryngeal cancer. It can be used as an attractive target for anticancer therapy and may be considered as a marker of disease progression and poor prognosis in laryngeal cancer.

scholarly journals Differential Expression of CD3, TNF-α, and VEGF Induced by Olanzapine on the Spleen of Adult Male Albino Rats and the Possible Protective Role of Vitamin C

Biomedicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Sahar Youssef ◽  
Marwa Salah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Group Ii

Olanzapine is an antipsychotic drug effective in the treatment of stress-associated psychiatric illnesses, but its effect on the spleen remains unclear. Vitamin C is essential for the optimum function of the immune system. We aim to investigate the effect of Olanzapine on spleen structures and to assess the protective effect of vitamin C. Forty adult male albino rats were divided into four groups: group (I), a control; group (II), rats were given vitamin C at 40 mg/kg body weight; group (III), rats were given Olanzapine at 2 mg/kg body weight; and group (IV), rats were given vitamin C and Olanzapine at the same dose of group (II) and group (III) for one month. The hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) of the olanzapine treated group showed focal areas of cellular depletion and a decrease in the size of the white pulp. The red pulp was expanded and showed marked congestion and dilatation of blood sinusoids. Cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) was significantly reduced, however both tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were significantly higher. The administration of vitamin C repaired structural and immunohistochemical changes via increased CD3 and decreased TNF-α and VEGF. Therefore, the oxidative and the inflammatory pathways may be the possible mechanisms underlying olanzapine immunotoxicity. Vitamin C exerted immune modulator and antioxidant effects against olanzapine.

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