scholarly journals Fe-Ni ALLOY ELECTRODEPOSITION FROM SIMPLE AND COMPLEX TYPE SULFATE ELECTROLYTES CONTAINING Ni/Fe RATIO OF 1 AND 12

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Moniruzzaman ◽  
K.M. Shorowordi ◽  
A. Azam ◽  
M.F.N. Taufique
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Current Density ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Complexing Agents ◽  
Alloy Electrodeposition ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Ni Alloy ◽  
Iron Nickel ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Density Results

Iron-nickel (Fe-Ni) alloy electrodeposition has been conducted from simple and complex baths having Ni/Fe ratio of 1 and 12. The applied current density varies from 30 to 100 mA/cm2. The coating composition, morphology and microhardness are measured and characterized by SEM/EDX and Shimadzu microhardness tester. The percentage of Ni in the coating increases with increasing current density and the Ni/Fe ratio of electrolytes which is supported by the alloy deposition principle. Fine grained and smooth coating without microcracking is obtained from the complex baths. Complexing agents are supposed to reduce the deposit stress developed during electrodeposition. Increase in Ni/Fe ratio in the bath as well as current density results in decreasing grain size of the deposits. High current density is believed to give rise to a high degree of adatoms at the electrode surface and high degree of adatoms decreases the grain size. Microhardness of the coating increases with the increase of bath Ni/Fe ratio as well as current density of electrodeposition. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jme.v44i1.19498

scholarly journals New Brightener for Zn-Fe Alloy Plating from Sulphate Bath

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Praveen ◽  
T. V. Venkatesha
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Condensation Product ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Alloy Electrodeposition ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Polarization Studies ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Sulphate Bath

Zn-Fe alloy electrodeposition was carried out in the presence of condensation product 2-{[(1E)-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methylidene]amino}-3-hydroxypropanoic acid formed between veratraldehyde and serine in acid sulphate bath. Hull cell was used for optimizing the operating parameters and bath constituents. During deposition, the potential was shifted towards cathodic direction in the presence of addition agents and brightener. The polarization studies show that deposition taking place in basic bath and optimum bath was 1.08 and 1.15 V, respectively. Current efficiency and throwing power were reached around 85% and 26%, respectively. The SEM images of bright deposit indicated its fine-grained nature and appreciable reduction in the grain size. XRD studies have showed that the grain size of the deposit generated from optimum bath was 16 nm. UV-visible spectroscopic studies confirm the formation of complex between metal ion and brightener.

scholarly journals ANOMALOUS ELECTRODEPOSITION OF Fe-Ni ALLOY COATING FROM SIMPLE AND COMPLEX BATHS AND ITS MAGNETIC PROPERTY

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Islam
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Magnetic Property ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Soft Magnetic Properties ◽  
Soft Magnetic ◽  
Alloy Electrodeposition ◽  
Ni Alloys ◽  
Ni Alloy

Electrodeposition of Fe-Ni thin films has been carried on copper substrate under various electrodeposition conditions from two simple and six complex baths. Sulfate baths composing of NiSO4. 7H2O, FeSO4.7H2O, H3BO3 and Na2SO4KEYWORDS: Anomalous Electrodeposition, Fe-Ni Coating, Complexing agent, Current Density, Magnetic Property. 1. INTRODUCTION Alloy electrodeposition technologies can extend tremendously the potential of electrochemical deposition processes to provide coatings that require unique mechanical, chemical and physical properties [1]. There has been a great research interest in the development and characterization of iron-nickel (Fe-Ni) thin films due to their operational capacity, economic interest, magnetic and other properties [2]. Due to their unique low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and soft magnetic properties, Fe-Ni alloys have been used in industrial applications for over 100 years [3]. Typical examples of applications that are based on the low CTE of Fe-Ni alloys include: thermostatic bimetals, glass sealing, integrated circuit packaging, cathode ray tube, shadow masks, membranes for liquid natural gas tankers; applications based on the soft magnetic properties include: read-write heads for magnetic storage, magnetic actuators, magnetic shielding, high performance transformer cores. comprise the simple baths whereas complex baths were prepared by adding ascorbic acid, saccharin and citric acid in simple baths. The effect of bath composition, pH and applied current density on coating appearance, composition, morphology and magnetic property were studied. Wet chemical analysis technique was used to analyze the coating composition whereas SEM and VSM were used to study the deposit morphology and magnetic property respectively. Addition of complexing agents in plating baths suppressed the anomalous nature of Fe-Ni alloy electrodeposition. Coatings obtained from simple baths were characterized by coarse grained non-smooth surface with/without microcracks onto it whereas those from complex baths were fine grained with smooth surfaces. Satisfactory saturation magnetization value of 131.13 emu/g in coating was obtained from simple bath. Coatings obtained from complex baths did not show normal magnetization behavior.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGY AND PROPERTIES OF ELECTRODEPOSITED ZN-NI ALLOY COATINGS ON MILD STEEL

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Rahman ◽  
S R Sen ◽  
M Moniruzzaman ◽  
K M Shorowordi
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Perfect Crystal ◽  
Corrosion Property ◽  
Alloy Electrodeposition ◽  
Sulfate Bath ◽  
Ni Alloy ◽  
Electrochemically Deposited ◽  
A Current

Zinc-nickel alloys electrochemically deposited on mild steel under various deposition conditions were investigated. The effect of plating variables (bath composition, pH, current density) on the coating composition, morphology, corrosion property and microhardness were investigated. Modified morphology with perfect crystal growth, uniform arrangement of crystals, refinement in crystal size and hence bright deposit was obtained from sulfate Bath-3 containing 30 g/l H3BO3 at a current density of 75 mA/cm2. Corrosion resistance as well as microhardness of Zn-Ni alloy coatings increased with the increase of %Ni in the deposit for all the sulphate baths studied. Optimum conditions for good deposition are also discussed. Keywords: Zn-Ni alloy, electrodeposition, morphology, corrosion resistance.   doi: 10.3329/jme.v40i1.3468 Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. ME40, No. 1, June 2009 9-14

AN INVESTIGATION ON THE EFFECT OF ELECTROCHEMICAL ADSORBATES ON PROPERTIES OF ELECTRODEPOSITED NANOCRYSTALLINE Fe–Ni ALLOYS

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350002 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. SANATY-ZADEH ◽  
K. RAEISSI ◽  
A. SAIDI
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Cathode Surface ◽  
Iron Hydroxide ◽  
Ni Alloys ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Iron Nickel ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Eis Measurements ◽  
Deposition Current Density

Iron–Nickel nanocrystalline alloys were electrodeposited from a simple chloride bath using different current densities. The composition and grain size of deposited alloys were in the range of 29–42% Ni and 8–11 nm, respectively. The alloy deposited at lower current density showed higher microhardness, which is most probably due to its higher Fe content and lower grain size. EIS measurements showed that the iron hydroxide species can be formed and adsorbed onto the cathode surface during the deposition. Such species showed an inhibitive effect not only on Ni ion reduction but also on grain growth. By increasing the deposition current density, the adsorption tendency of iron hydroxide was reduced which caused an increase in grain size and Ni percentage of the alloy produced.

scholarly journals Rapid Electrodeposition of Fe–Ni Alloy Foils from Chloride Baths Containing Trivalent Iron Ions

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changwei Su ◽  
Linfu Zhao ◽  
Liang Tian ◽  
Bixia Wen ◽  
Mingwu Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deposition Rate ◽  
Current Density ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Trivalent Iron ◽  
High Deposition Rate ◽  
Iron Ions ◽  
Ni Alloys ◽  
Ni Alloy ◽  
Divalent Nickel ◽  
Nickel Species

This work presents the rapid electrodeposition of Fe–Ni alloy foils from chloride baths containing trivalent iron ions at a low pH (<0.0). The effect of the concentration of Ni2+ ions on the content, surface morphology, crystal structure, and tensile property of Fe–Ni alloys is studied in detail. The results show that the co-deposition of Fe and Ni is controlled by the adsorption of divalent nickel species at low current density and the ionic diffusion at high current density. The current density of preparing smooth and flexible Fe–Ni alloy foils is increased by increasing the concentration of Ni2+ ions, consequently the deposition rate of Fe–Ni alloy foils is increased. For example, at 0.6 M Ni2+ ions, the current density can be applied at 50 A·dm−2, along with a high deposition rate of ~288 μm·h−1.

Extracting Aluminum from Aluminum Alloys in AlCl3-NaCl Molten Salts

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junli Xu ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Zhongning Shi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Cathodic Current Density ◽  
Dendritic Morphology ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
High Current ◽  
Cathodic Current

AbstractExtracting aluminum from aluminum alloys in AlCl3-NaCl molten salts was investigated in this paper. The influences of experimental parameters such as electrolyte composition, cathodic current density and electrolysis time on the deposits morphology were discussed. The results show that the grain size of the deposits decreases with the increase of AlCl3 content in the electrolyte. Current density has a big effect on the morphology of the deposits. The particle size of deposits increases with the increase of current density, and dendritic morphology forms at high current density. High nucleation rates are achieved at high current densities above the limiting diffusion current density, and will result in a finer grain size. A non-dendritic deposit of aluminum was obtained at 170°C at 50 mA cm−2 cathodic current density for 1 h in the electrolyte having a 1.3 molar ratio of AlCl3/NaCl. The purity of the aluminum deposit is about 99.79% analyzed using inductively coupled plasma.

scholarly journals Effects of bath composition and current density on the electrodeposition of Fe-Ni alloy on copper substrate and the property of deposited alloy

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-386
Author(s):  
Md. Moniruzzaman ◽  
Md. Aminul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Copper Substrate ◽  
Alloy Coating ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Constant Current Density ◽  
Alloy Electrodeposition ◽  
Current Density Range ◽  
Ni Alloy ◽  
Anomalous Nature

One simple and six complex baths are used to electrodeposit Fe-Ni alloy coating on copper substrate. All baths contain the same 1.04 Ni/Fe ratio. In addition to NiSO4.7H2O, FeSO4.7H2O, H3BO3 used in simple bath, the complex baths contain Ascorbic acid, Saccharin and Citric acid in different ratios. Electrodepositions have been carried out in the bath pH and constant current density range of 1 - 2.6 and 20 - 140 mA/cm2, respectively. Anomalous nature of Fe-Ni alloy electrodeposition is suppressed in the complex baths. Microhardness as well as corrosion resistance of coating increased with increasing %Ni content in the deposit. The morphology of the Fe-Ni films obtained from simple baths is characterized by coarse-grained, non-smooth surface with presence of microcracks onto it. Coatings from complex baths are finegrained with smooth surfaces. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 47(4), 379-386, 2012 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v47i4.8699

Electroforming and Mechanical Properties of Iron-Nickel Alloy Foil

1979 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 411-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. F. Lai ◽  
J. A. McGeough
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Hydrogen Embrittlement ◽  
Nickel Alloy ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
Iron Foil ◽  
Alloy Foil ◽  
Iron Nickel ◽  
Current Densities

A method of electroforming smooth, bright, iron-nickel alloy foil, of thickness about 0.1 mm, is developed. The electrolyte, mainly a solution of ferrous chloride and nickel chloride, is operated at a temperature of 95 °C, and at current densities of between 5 and 20 A/dm2. Below that temperature, and at current densities greater than 20 A/dm2, the foil becomes cracked. The amount of nickel co-deposited in the alloy can be increased up to a limit of 6.24 per cent, by reducing the current density and/or increasing the concentration of nickel chloride in the electrolyte. As the nickel content of the foil rises, the material suffers increasingly from hydrogen embrittlement. The main mechanical properties of the alloy foil are more affected by hydrogen embrittlement, the amount of which is influenced by current density and the concentration of nickel chloride, than by changes in grain size. This behaviour is in contrast with that of electroformed iron foil, for which the mechanical properties are largely controlled by the influence of the current density and electrolyte temperature upon its grain size. However, when the other process conditions are held constant, the mechanical properties of the alloy foil behave like the iron foil in decreasing with increasing foil thickness, owing to increases in average grain size.

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