scholarly journals Variable Presentations of Tuberculosis during COVID-19 Pandemic- A Case Series

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Mahbub Mayukh Rishad ◽  
Sumaiya Akter ◽  
Arfa Rahman ◽  
Homayra Tahseen ◽  
HAM Nazmul Ahasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis

Tuberculosis is an ancient infectious disease, which can involve almost any organ of the body and can have broad spectrum of presentations. The objective of this case series presentation is to highlight the importance of considering Tuberculosis as a diagnosis even in this COVID pandemic time. It presents with wide variety of clinical features involving different organs and often potentially fatal. Mortality from tuberculosis is most often due to delay in diagnosis & thus starting treatment. Thus, treatment should be initiated immediately based on strong clinical suspicion. Here we have presented six different cases of TB where each case presented differently in a tertiary care private hospital of Dhaka. J MEDICINE JAN 2021; 22 (1) : 60-66

scholarly journals Leprosy in Refugees and Migrants in Italy and a Literature Review of Cases Reported in Europe between 2009 and 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1113
Author(s):  
Anna Beltrame ◽  
Gianfranco Barabino ◽  
Yiran Wei ◽  
Andrea Clapasson ◽  
Pierantonio Orza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
European Guidelines ◽  
Eye Involvement ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

Leprosy is a chronic neglected infectious disease that affects over 200,000 people each year and causes disabilities in more than four million people in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The disease can appear with a wide spectrum of clinical forms, and therefore the clinical suspicion is often difficult. Refugees and migrants from endemic countries affected by leprosy can remain undiagnosed in Europe due to the unpreparedness of clinicians. We retrospectively describe the characteristics of 55 refugees/migrants with a diagnosis of leprosy established in Italy from 2009 to 2018. Continents of origin were Africa (42%), Asia (40%), and South and Central America (18%). The symptoms reported were skin lesions (91%), neuropathy (71%), edema (7%), eye involvement (6%), fever (6%), arthritis (4%), and lymphadenopathy (4%). Seven patients (13%) had irreversible complications. Overall, 35% were relapses and 66% multibacillary leprosy. Furthermore, we conducted a review of 17 case reports or case series and five nationwide reports, published in the same decade, describing 280 migrant patients with leprosy in Europe. In Europe, leprosy is a rare chronic infectious disease, but it has not completely disappeared. Diagnosis and treatment of leprosy in refugees and migrants from endemic countries are a challenge. European guidelines for this neglected disease in this high-risk population would be beneficial.

scholarly journals COVID-19 related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): a case series from a tertiary care pediatric hospital in Qatar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hasan ◽  
Khaled Al Zubaidi ◽  
Karim Diab ◽  
Yahia Hejazi ◽  
Sharon Bout-Tabaku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
First Case ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Abstract Background: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is a severe complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children, which is increasingly being reported worldwide. Here we report the first case series of 7 children diagnosed with MIS-C in Qatar. Methods: Clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19 positive patients admitted to Sidra Medicine, Qatar from June to October 2020, who met the WHO case definition for MIS-C were reviewed.Results: The mean age in our case series was 5.6 years, of which 71.4% were males. All patients were previously healthy but had a history of COVID-19 infection. Fever, rash, vomiting and abdominal pain were the most common symptoms (70%-100%). The average hospitalization was 12.9 days with no case fatalities. Laboratory findings included lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia in most patients, as well as evidence of coagulopathy and elevated inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein, ferritin and procalcitonin. Many patients (71.4%) required inotropic support in intensive care, while only one required respiratory support. Although all patients had elevated cardiac biomarkers, cardiovascular involvement was observed in 42.9% of patients with one patient developing a giant coronary aneurysm. All patients received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and 86% of patients received corticosteroids, with two patients requiring treatment with IL-1 inhibitors.Conclusions: Our report is one of the first reports on MIS-C from Asia. Although clinical features and outcomes are not significantly different from those reported elsewhere, lack of case fatalities in our cohort may indicate that early recognition and prompt medical attention is necessary for a favorable outcome in MIS-C.

scholarly journals L-DOPA therapy interferes with urine catecholamine analysis in children with suspected neuroblastoma: a case series

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 616-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison U Kelly ◽  
Rajeev Srivastava ◽  
Ellie Dow ◽  
D Fraser Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
First Line ◽  
Urinary Catecholamines ◽  
Drug History ◽  
Diagnostic Confusion ◽  
Catecholamine Analysis

Neuroblastoma is the most common solid extracranial malignancy diagnosed in childhood. Clinical presentation is variable, and metastatic disease is common at diagnosis. Analyses of urinary catecholamines and their metabolites are commonly requested as a first-line investigation when clinical suspicion exists. Levodopa (L-Dopa) therapy is utilized as a treatment for a number of disorders in childhood, including Dopa-responsive dystonia. Neuroblastoma may mimic some of the clinical features of this disorder. L-Dopa can interfere with analysis of urinary catecholamines and their metabolites and complicate the interpretation of results. We present the cases of three children who were prescribed L-dopa at the time of analysis of urinary catecholamines and metabolites as a screen for neuroblastoma, but who did not have the disease. Comparison of their results with those from cases with true neuroblastoma reveal that it is impossible to reliably distinguish true neuroblastoma from L-Dopa therapy using these tests. We recommend that patients should be off L-dopa therapy, if possible when these tests are performed. These cases illustrate the importance of providing clinical details and drug history to the laboratory in order to avoid diagnostic confusion.

scholarly journals Melioidosis: a case series from coastal Karnataka, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 3920
Author(s):  
Shabari M. Shenoy ◽  
Ankith Vaidya ◽  
Chethan Subramanya
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
South India ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Coastal City ◽  
Sporadic Cases

Melioidosis is an infectious disease caused by gram negative bacteria B. pseudomallei. The disease is largely under diagnosed globally. Sporadic cases have been reported from India, distributed mostly in the coastal areas. Authors present a series of seven culture proven cases of Melioidosis treated at a tertiary care Hospital in the coastal city of Mangalore in South India.

scholarly journals Clinical Features and Surgical Outcomes of Posterior Segment Intraocular Foreign Bodies in Children in East China

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Zhang ◽  
Hong Zhuang ◽  
Keyan Wang ◽  
Gezhi Xu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
Poor Visual Outcome ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
The Mean

Purpose. To report the long-term follow-up results of posterior segment intraocular foreign body (IOFB) removal in children and to determine the prognostic factors for visual outcome. Methods. Design: retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case series; a single tertiary care center study. Participants or samples: eleven eyes (11 patients) under 16 years of age with posterior segment IOFB injuries from May 2014 to November 2017. Main outcome measures: clinical features of injury, visual acuity, and complications. Results. The mean age was 6.8 years, and the mean follow-up was 20.2 months. The main IOFB sources were accidental penetration of the eye by materials in the playground (6 cases) or by pencil lead at school (4 cases). The mean IOFB size was 3.8 (range 1–6) mm. At the last visit, the visual acuities were 20/40 or better in 40.0% of patients and better than 20/200 in 70.0%. Poor visual outcome was correlated with intraoperative rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (P=0.0083). Postoperative complications included elevated transient intraocular pressure, retinal redetachment, and secondary glaucoma. Conclusions. The clinical features of pediatric posterior segment IOFBs suggest insufficient awareness of such injuries both on the playground and at school. Visual outcomes from surgical treatment were relatively favorable in this series.

scholarly journals Inhaled Antibiotics for the Prevention of Respiratory Tract Infections in Children With a Tracheostomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Jutras ◽  
Julie Autmizguine ◽  
Maryline Chomton ◽  
Christopher Marquis ◽  
The Thanh-Diem Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Broad Spectrum Antibiotics ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Inhaled Antibiotics ◽  
Tract Infections

Objective: To describe the use of prophylactic inhaled antibiotics in children with a tracheostomy and assess if its use is associated with a reduction in exposition to broad-spectrum antibiotics and a lower risk of acquired respiratory tract infections.Methods: A case series study was performed in a tertiary care university affiliated hospital. All consecutive children (<18 years old) with a tracheostomy, hospitalized between January 2004 and November 2016, and treated with prophylactic inhaled antibiotics were identified. We analyzed the 3 month- period before and after initiation of prophylactic inhaled antibiotics and described exposure to broad spectrum antibiotics, the number of respiratory tract infections and the associated adverse events.Results: Six children (median age: 11 months, range: 8–100) were included. One received colimycin, 3 received tobramycin and 2 were treated with both antibiotics in alternance. The median duration of treatment was 74 days (22–173) with one patient still being treated at the end of the study. Patients were exposed to systemic antibiotics for 18 days (2–49) in the 3 months preceding the treatment vs. 2 days (0–15) in the 3 months following the treatment initiation (p = 0.115). The number of respiratory tract infections went from median of 2 (0–3) to 1 (0–1) during the same periods (p = 0.07). Adverse events most commonly reported were cough (n = 2) and increased respiratory secretions post-inhalation (n = 4). Only one new bacterial resistance was observed.Conclusions: This series of consecutive cases underlines the need for future studies evaluating the potential benefit of prophylactic inhaled antibiotics in children with a tracheostomy.

scholarly journals COVID-19 related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): a case series from a tertiary care pediatric hospital in Qatar

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rubayet Hasan ◽  
Khaled Al Zubaidi ◽  
Karim Diab ◽  
Yahia Hejazi ◽  
Sharon Bout-Tabaku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
First Case ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Abstract Background Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is a severe complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children, which is increasingly being reported worldwide. Here we report the first case series of 7 children diagnosed with MIS-C in Qatar. Methods Clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19 positive patients admitted to Sidra Medicine, Qatar from June to October 2020, who met the WHO case definition for MIS-C were reviewed. Results The mean age in our case series was 5.6 years, of which 71.4% were males. All patients were previously healthy but had a history of COVID-19 infection. Fever, rash, vomiting and abdominal pain were the most common symptoms (70–100%). The average hospitalization was 12.9 days with no case fatalities. Laboratory findings included lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia in most patients, as well as evidence of coagulopathy and elevated inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein, ferritin and procalcitonin. Many patients (71.4%) required inotropic support in intensive care, while only one required respiratory support. Although all patients had elevated cardiac biomarkers, cardiovascular involvement was observed in 42.9% of patients with one patient developing a giant coronary aneurysm. All patients received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and 86% of patients received corticosteroids, with two patients requiring treatment with IL-1 inhibitors. Conclusions Our report is one of the first reports on MIS-C from Asia. Although clinical features and outcomes are not significantly different from those reported elsewhere, lack of case fatalities in our cohort may indicate that early recognition and prompt medical attention is necessary for a favorable outcome in MIS-C.

scholarly journals Salmonella osteomyelitis: A rare extraintestinal manifestation of an endemic pathogen

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 164-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjana Rohilla ◽  
Mohit Bhatia ◽  
Pratima Gupta ◽  
Arpana Singh ◽  
Ravi Shankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Trauma Surgery ◽  
Connective Tissue Diseases ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Penetrating Trauma ◽  
The Body ◽  
Extraintestinal Manifestation ◽  
Salmonella Osteomyelitis

Abstract Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Paratyphi usually cause enteric fever in humans characterized by fever and gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea. Bacteremia is a constant feature of enteric fever, and occasionally, dissemination of bacilli throughout the body results in the establishment of one or more localized foci of persisting infection. This happens especially in patients with preexisting conditions such as hemoglobinopathies, previous joint trauma, surgery, connective tissue diseases, lymphoma, diabetes, alcoholism, immunosuppressive state, and extremes of ages. Rarely, these extraintestinal Salmonella infection cases have also been reported in immunocompetent individuals without any obvious predisposing factors. Salmonella osteomyelitis, a rare sequelae of typhoid, may occur as a result of hematogenous seeding of the bone or joints due to a bacteremic episode. It may also spread from nearby areas of infection or penetrating trauma. Timely diagnosis and treatment of this condition are necessary because if left untreated, it can lead to permanent functional deficits later on. We hereby present a case series with brief review of literature on Salmonella osteomyelitis in immunocompetent patients without any known predisposing conditions over a period of 1 year (2017–2018) from a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Uttarakhand, India.

scholarly journals A Middle Aged Man Presented with Prolonged Fever and Low Back Pain Diagnosed as Brucellosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Mahbub Mayukh Rishad ◽  
Sumaiya Akter ◽  
Mohammad Zahiruddin
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Judgment ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Variable Presentation

Brucellosis is a Zoonotic disease which is not so common health problem in Bangladesh. For its variable presentation it creates diagnostic challenge for the clinicians. Although Brucellosis is a treatable and curable condition sometimes delay in diagnosis and lack of insight for the disease creates high morbidity. In this case report we have presented a case of brucellosis presented with prolong fever, joint pain with complications which created dilemma in diagnosis in a tertiary care private hospital of Dhaka. The purpose of presenting this case report is to create concern among the clinicians regarding the variablepresentation of Brucellosis& emphasizing to clinical judgment over investigations, especially in limited resources. Bangladesh J Medicine July 2022; 33(1) : 89-93

scholarly journals Two Cases of Paraquat Poisoning from Kota, Rajasthan, INDIA

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surendra Khosya ◽  
Sunil Gothwal
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Paraquat Poisoning ◽  
Intentional Ingestion ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Widespread Availability

Paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-dipyridylium) is a broad spectrum liquid herbicide associated with both accidental and intentional ingestion, leading to severe and often fatal toxicity. Despite widespread availability, reports of herbicide poisoning from India are not common. Diagnosis is often difficult in the absence of proper history, nonspecific clinical features, and lack of diagnostic tests. We report two cases of fatal paraquat poisoning from a tertiary care hospital, Kota, Rajasthan, India.

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