scholarly journals Variability in fecal egg count of Haemonchus contortus infection to native goat breeds of China and Bangladesh under natural grazing condition

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
AI Omar ◽  
MBB Alam ◽  
MO Faruque ◽  
MM Mondal ◽  
MS Raihan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Pack Cell Volume ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Hilly Region ◽  
Goat Population ◽  
The World ◽  
Parasitic Load ◽  
Black Bengal Goat

Haemonchus contortus is a major gastrointestinal nematode affecting goat in China and Bangladesh like many countries in the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of Haemonchus contortus infection in different goat breeds/populations in China and Bangladesh under the natural grazing condition.  Fecal Egg of Haemonchus contortus was counted from 430 goats in both countries using McMaster’s technique. Body weight, Pack Cell Volume and Hemoglobin value were measured for Bangladeshi goats. Statistical analysis was done after transforming data into log10 (n+1), where n is the number of egg per gram feces and analysis of variance was done by using Generalized Linear Model procedures of computer package of SAS. Prevalence of parasite and Fecal Egg Count varied significantly (P<0.01) in all six goat populations. The highest prevalence (88.89%) of Haemonchus contortus infection was found in Enshi Black and the highest parasitic load (527.74 ±78.13 epg) was found in Chinese hybrid goat population. Most of the individuals, except Chinese hybrid goats, had Fecal Egg Count less than 300 epg. Fecal Egg Count between sexes within breed of goat did not differ significantly (P>0.05). Black Bengal goat in the hilly region of Bangladesh was the least susceptible to Haemonchus contortus infection in term of Fecal Egg Count. Our study suggests that Chinese goat breeds were more susceptible to Haemonchus contortus infection as compared to Black Bengal goat of Bangladesh under natural grazing condition. Further studies on immune-genetics aspects of goats might be helpful to find out the actual causes of such differences and to develop disease resistant breed of goat.Progressive Agriculture 27 (4): 473-481, 2016

scholarly journals Resistance of Black Bengal goat to Haemonchus contortus

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
NN Retee ◽  
MMH Mondal ◽  
AI Omar ◽  
K Periasamy ◽  
JF Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Hilly Region ◽  
Parasitic Load ◽  
Black Bengal Goat ◽  
Age And Sex

Artificial challenge trial and field trial were carried out in two populations of Black Bengal goat in Bangladesh to evaluate the resistance to Haemonchus Contortus-a major gastrointestinal nematode in goat. Artificial challenge trial revealed that there was no difference in susceptibility of H. contortus in Black Bengal goat of hilly region (BBH) and Black Bengal goat of western region (BBW). In absence of parasitic infection, growth rate of kids of both populations were almost equal. Field trial was conducted with kids of BBW population to find out the within breed variation. Numerically, there was variation among the individuals for parasitic load however the results were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). At individual level, the parasite load ranged from 100 to 400 eggs per gram (epg). The location of villages, age and sex of kids did not influence on the parasitic load of kids. There was no interaction for location, age and sex for body weight at day 8. The Packed Cell Volume and Hemoglobin values differed significantly (p < 0.01) due to age of kids at day 8 and 28 after deworming. The results indicate that Black Bengal goat can be considered as resilience to H. contortus. Progressive Agriculture 30 (1): 55-64, 2019

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal nematode infections in sheep raised in Botucatu, state of São Paulo, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício Orlando Wilmsen ◽  
Bruna Fernanda Silva ◽  
César Cristiano Bassetto ◽  
Alessandro Francisco Talamini do Amarante
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Oesophagostomum Columbianum ◽  
The Mean ◽  
In Parenthesis

Gastrointestinal nematode infections were evaluated in sheep raised in Botucatu, state of São Paulo, Brazil between April 2008 and March 2011. Every month, two tracer lambs grazing with a flock of sheep were exposed to natural infection with gastrointestinal nematodes for 28 consecutive days. At the end of this period, the lambs were sacrificed for worm counts. Haemonchus contortus presented 100% of prevalence. The seasons exerted no significant influence on the mean intensity of H. contortus, which ranged from 315 worms in November 2010 to 2,5205 worms in January 2011. The prevalence of Trichostrongylus colubriformis was also 100%, with the lowest mean intensity (15 worms) recorded in February 2011 and the highest (9,760 worms) in October 2009. In the case of T. colubriformis, a significant correlation coefficient was found between worm counts vs. rainfall (r = −0.32; P <0.05). Three other nematodes species were found in tracer lambs, albeit in small numbers. Their prevalence and mean intensity (in parenthesis) were as follows: Oesophagostomum columbianum 28% (25.2), Cooperia curticei 7% (4.5) and Trichuris spp. 2% (1). In conclusion, the environmental conditions of the area proved to be highly favorable for the year-round transmission of H. contortus and T. colubriformis.

scholarly journals Haemonchus contortus resistance to monepantel in sheep: fecal egg count reduction tests and randomized controlled trials

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Carvalho Martins ◽  
Paula Luzia Formigoni Bergamasco ◽  
Gustavo Felippelli ◽  
José Hairton Tebaldi ◽  
Marcela Figueredo Duarte Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Critical Test ◽  
New Class ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Sheep Farm ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
One Year ◽  
Technical Guidance

Worm infections are a major cause of economic losses in sheep farming, and their control depends essentially on anthelmintic drugs. After decades without the discovery of new drug types, a new class of anthelmintics, called aminoacetonitrile derivatives, represented by monepantel, was released on the market. In order to evaluate a report of low efficacy of monepantel on a sheep farm in the municipality of Taiúva, state of São Paulo, Brazil, fecal egg count reduction and critical tests were performed on a Haemonchus contortus strain collected from this farm. To this end, ten animals were experimentally infected with 5000 H. contortus third-stage larvae, and these animals were divided into two groups, control and treated, according to the treatment with monepantel. The parameters evaluated were reduction in fecal egg counts on post-treatment days (PTD) 0, 2, 4, 7 and 14, and the therapeutic efficacy at the end of this period. Egg count reduction was observed starting on PTD 2, with a maximum reduction of 32.89% recorded on PTD 14. The critical test revealed 24.65% efficacy, indicating resistance to the active ingredient monepantel. The ineffectiveness of monepantel may be associated with the excessive use of the anthelmintic, which the farmer administered at intervals of less than one month, without technical guidance or a defined criterion. Given that the anthelmintic was used on this farm for less than one year, according to the farmer, it can be inferred that H. contortus develops resistance to monepantel in a few generations if the product is used incorrectly.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Sirih (Areca catechu) Sebagai Intelmentika Terhadap Nematode Gastrointesninal Pada Kambing

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Yudha Fahrimal
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Group I ◽  
Areca Catechu ◽  
Nematode Worm

ABSTRACT. The efficacy and effective dose of bettlenut (Areca catechu) powder against gastrointestinal nematode worms was studied. Twenty five local goats at the age of 1 – 1.5 years of age weighing 8 to 12 kg were used in this study. All goat were naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes and they all had fecal egg count 3000/gram. The goats were randomly divided into 5 group: group I as a non treated control and group I, II, III, IV, and V were given bettlenut powder 5 gram, 10, 15 and 20 gram, respectively. The nematode worm were identified and grouped into family of Trichostrongylidae (Trichostrongylus sp. and Haemonchus sp.) and strongylidae (Bunostomum sp., Oesophagostomum sp. and Strongylus sp.).  in general, bettlenut powder in all doses is very effective against gastrointestinal nematode worms from both families compare to control group (P   0.01) and no significant different among administered doses (P  0.05). Bettlenut powder in all doses given is vey effective (P 0.01) against Trichostrongylus sp. and Haemonchus sp. from family of Trichostrongylidae. Bettlenut powder in all doses given is also very effective (P 0.01) against Bunostomum sp., Oesophagustomum sp. and effective (P 0.05) against Strongylus sp. from family of Strongylidae. The dose of 5 gram of bettlenut powder per goat is recommended for treating goat invested with gastrointestinal nematode worms because it is saver and can be given more than once.

Voluntary intake of a medicated feed block by grazing sheep is increased by gastrointestinal nematode infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1136
Author(s):  
F. J. Fishpool ◽  
L. P. Kahn ◽  
D. J. Tucker ◽  
J. V. Nolan ◽  
R. A. Leng
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Infected Sheep ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Grazing Sheep ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
To Receive

The aim of this study was to determine the rate, variability and repeatability of intake by grazing sheep of a medicated feed block (MFB) containing fenbendazole and investigate if infection with gastrointestinal nematodes altered consumption patterns of the MFB in the same grazing mob. In Experiment 1, 30 Merino wethers were given access to an MFB for two separate 1-week periods, with blood sampling at Days 2, 4 and 6 of each period to determine MFB intake. In Experiment 2, the wethers were selected based on previous MFB intake and allocated to receive an oral dose of 10 000 Trichostrongylus colubriformis and 3000 Haemonchus contortus (anthelmintic susceptible) or a long acting anthelmintic. After 5 weeks, sheep were given access to an MFB (1.5 mg fenbendazole/g) and eight blood samples were taken over 2 weeks to determine intake. In Experiment 1, individual MFB intake in Week 1 and Week 2 was positively correlated (P = 0.002, R2 = 0.287). Mean individual MFB intake in Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 was positively correlated (P = 0.008, R2 = 0.047). In Experiment 2, more infected wethers (95%) consumed the MFB than did uninfected wethers (79%) (P < 0.001) and infected wethers ate significantly more MFB over the first 4 days (P = 0.041) of access. All infected sheep consumed sufficient MFB to receive a therapeutic dose and worm egg counts in infected sheep declined from 2165 epg to 120 epg in the first week of access to MFB. The decline in differences in MFB intake between infected and uninfected sheep corresponded to the decline in worm egg count, suggesting the existence of self-medication with parasitism accounting for intake differences.

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