scholarly journals Weed dynamics, yield, quality and root growth of capsicum under drip irrigation and mulching

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
VK Choudhary ◽  
MC Bhambri ◽  
N Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Paddy Straw ◽  
Flood Irrigation ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Weed Dynamics ◽  
Organoleptic Parameters

A field experiment was conducted during 2006-07 and 2007-08 at Precision Farming Development Centre, Horticulture Farm, Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India to evaluate the weed dynamics, yield, quality, organoleptic parameters and root growth of Capsicum as influenced by drip irrigation and mulches. The black polythene mulch being at par with paddy straw mulch gave the least weed population, dry weight and highest weed control efficiency over other mulches. Drip irrigation at 0.6 Epan obtained the least value of weed growth and highest weed control efficiency. Drip irrigation at 1.0 Epan showed highest fruit yield (32.02 t ha-1), total soluble solid (5.72), ascorbic acid (120.25 mg 100g-1) and organoleptic parameters but root growth registered maximum in flood irrigation at 1.0 IW/CPE. Black polythene followed by paddy straw mulch showed maximum fruit yield and other parameters. Pungent test scored maximum with flood irrigation at 1.0 IW/CPE and no mulch. Drip irrigation at 1.0 Epan along with black polythene as well as paddy straw mulch restrict weed growth, harvested quality fruit with higher fruit yield of capsicum. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v10i2.18325 SAARC J. Agri., 10(2): 71-82 (2012)

scholarly journals Agro-economic potential of capsicum with drip irrigation and mulching

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
VK Choudhary ◽  
MC Bhambri
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Paddy Straw ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Net Returns

A field experiment was conducted during 2006-07 and 2007-08 at Precision Farming Development Centre, Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India, to evaluate the production, potential and economics of capsicum (Capsicum annum L.) as influenced by drip irrigation and mulches. Experiment was laid out in a split-plot design replicated thrice with irrigation levels 1.0 Epan (Pan evaporation) through drip, 0.8 Epan through drip, 0.6 Epan through drip and 1.0 Epan with flood irrigation (FI) in main plot and mulches (i.e. no mulch (Glyphosate @ 6.0 ml l-1 followed by 2 hand weedings), black polythene mulch (BPM: 40 ? thickness), transparent polythene mulch (TPM: 40 ? thickness), paddy straw mulch (PSM: 5 t ha-1) in sub plots. The growth parameters like plant height, number of primary and secondary branches, stem girth, leaf area, leaf area index, dry weight of leaf, stem, fruit and total dry weight were maximum with drip irrigation at 1.0 Epan followed by drip irrigation at 0.8 Epan. Among the mulches the maximum values of the growth parameters were noticed with black polythene mulch followed by paddy straw mulch. The yield attributes like fruit length, fruit volume, fruit girth, per cent fruit set, fruits/plant, green capsicum fruit weight and yields were higher with drip irrigation at 1.0 Epan followed by drip at 0.8 Epan. Among the mulches, all the yield attributes were found higher with black polythene mulch followed by paddy straw mulch; whereas least yield attributes were measured with no mulch. Marginal cost, marginal return, MR: MC, cost of cultivation, net returns and B: C were higher with drip irrigation at 1.0 Epan followed by drip irrigation at 0.8 Epan. Among different mulches all the economic parameters were higher with black polythene mulch followed by paddy straw mulch except MR: MC and B: C ratio. Capsicum with paddy straw mulch produced higher values of MR: MC and B: C ratios. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v10i2.18323SAARC J. Agri., 10(2): 51-60 (2012)

Responses of growth, fruit yield, quality and water productivity of greenhouse tomato to deficit drip irrigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 109710 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Wu ◽  
Shicheng Yan ◽  
Junliang Fan ◽  
Fucang Zhang ◽  
Youzhen Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Greenhouse Tomato ◽  
Yield Quality

Effects of preharvest drip-irrigation scheduling on strawberry yield, quality and growth

2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kirnak ◽  
C. Kaya ◽  
D. Higgs ◽  
I. Bolat ◽  
M. Simsek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Yield Quality

Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch) cultivars, Oso Grande and Camarosa were grown in the field from July 1999 to May 2000 in order to investigate the effectiveness of preharvest drip-irrigation management on fruit yield, quality (i.e. soluble dry matter, fruit size), leaf macro-nutrient composition and normal growth parameters. All plots were irrigated uniformly until 2 weeks before harvest. Differential treatments were then imposed ranging from a complete cut-off of irrigation to full irrigation through the harvest period. Preharvest drip-irrigation management treatments were (i) complete irrigation cut-off, dry (D), (ii) normal irrigation based on class A pan and percentage cover (C), (iii) 75% of normal irrigation, C (IR1), (iv) 50% of normal irrigation, C (IR2), and (v) 25% of normal irrigation, C (IR3). Normal irrigation (control, C) was created by irrigating plants once every 2 days at 100% A pan (Epan) evaporation. No irrigation (D) and IR3 treatments caused reductions in most parameters measured, except water-soluble dry matter concentrations (SDM) in fruit compared with other treatments. There were no significant differences between C, IR1, and IR2 treatments in normal growth parameters or leaf nutrient composition. Fruit size and SDM were both significantly affected by late-season irrigation management; individual fruit weight was significantly reduced and SDM increased even in the IR2 and IR3 treatments compared with control values. Fruit yield was not affected significantly by reduced water application except in the D treatment. These results clearly indicate that reduced preharvest irrigation was partially detrimental; a small reduction in irrigation (IR1) had little or no effect but 50% or less of normal irrigation, while not reducing overall fruit yield, resulted in smaller fruits.

Establishing a Physiology-Yield-Quality Evaluation Model for Optimizing Drip Irrigation on Grape Fields in Extremely Arid Regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-278
Author(s):  
Yue Wen ◽  
Zhenhua Wang ◽  
Li Guo ◽  
Wenhao Li
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Quality Indexes

HighlightsRegulated deficit irrigation and fertilization ratio were used to test grapes in extremely arid areas.Physiology, yield, and quality indexes of drip irrigation grapes were analyzed accordingly in this study.Single and comprehensive evaluation models were used to evaluate the optimal water and fertilizer treatment.Abstract. Water shortage and chemical fertilizer abuse are important factors restricting grape industry development in Xinjiang. In this study, the physiology, yield and quality indexes of drip irrigation grapes were analyzed, and the water-fertilizer system was properly optimized by a model of combination of single evaluation methods and comprehensive evaluation methods. Five irrigation schemes and three fertilizer ratios were combined to form 15 treatments in Xinjiang, China. Results showed that irrigation and fertilization had different effects on physiology, yield, and quality indicators of grapes in different growth periods, and each index cannot reach its maximum value under the same treatment. Four single evaluation methods of Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Membership Function Analysis (MFA), Gray Correlation Analysis (GCA), and TOPSIS were used to evaluate grapes of 15 water and fertilizer treatments, but there were 9 treatments with a ranking standard deviation greater than 1.0, which was over 60% of all treatments. Through four comprehensive evaluation methods of Average Value, Borda, Copeland, and Fuzzy Borda, single evaluation results were analyzed, and the standard deviations of 13 treatments ranked 1.0 or below, more than 80% of all treatments, and Average Value comprehensive method had the highest compatibility. Therefore, the combination of Average Value method and four single evaluation methods is an appropriate evaluation model. It was determined that W4F2 was the optimal treatment which was performed regulated deficit irrigation in the berry mature period, the irrigation amount, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers were sequentially controlled to 694 mm, 235.7, 235.7, and 353.6 kg·ha-1, and its ranking was ranked first under the four comprehensive evaluation methods. This study can provide theoretical guidance for the combined evaluation of water and fertilizer use of drip irrigation grapes in extremely arid regions. Keywords: Comprehensive model evaluation, Extremely arid regions, Drip irrigation grapes, Physiology-yield-quality effects, Single method evaluation.

Relative impact of irrigation techniques and climate change on hydroclimatic regimes in the Mediterranean region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Pool ◽  
Félix Francés ◽  
Alberto Garcia-Prats ◽  
Manuel Pulido-Velazquez ◽  
Carles Sanichs-Ibor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Flood Irrigation ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Projected Changes ◽  
The Impact

<p>Irrigated agriculture is the major water consumer in the Mediterranean region. Improved irrigation techniques have been widely promoted to reduce water withdrawals and increase resilience to climate change impacts. In this study, we assess the impact of the ongoing transition from flood to drip irrigation on future hydroclimatic regimes in the agricultural areas of Valencia (Spain). The impact assessment is conducted for a control period (1971-2000), a near-term future (2020-2049) and a mid-term future (2045-2074) using a chain of models that includes five GCM-RCM combinations, two emission scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5), two irrigation scenarios (flood and drip irrigation), and twelve parameterizations of the hydrological model Tetis. Results of this modelling chain suggest considerable uncertainties regarding the magnitude and sign of future hydroclimatic changes. Yet, climate change could lead to a statistically significant decrease in future groundwater recharge of up -6.6% in flood irrigation and -9.3% in drip irrigation. Projected changes in actual evapotranspiration are as well statistically significant, but in the order of +1% in flood irrigation and -2.1% in drip irrigation under the assumption of business as usual irrigation schedules. The projected changes and the related uncertainties will pose a challenging context for future water management. However, our findings further indicate that the effect of the choice of irrigation technique may have a greater impact on hydroclimate than climate change alone. Explicitly considering irrigation techniques in climate change impact assessment might therefore be a way towards better informed decision-making.</p><p>This study has been supported by the IRRIWAM research project funded by the Coop Research Program of the ETH Zurich World Food System Center and the ETH Zurich Foundation, and by the ADAPTAMED (RTI2018-101483-B-I00) and TETISCHANGE (RTI2018-093717-B-I00) research projects funded by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) of Spain including EU FEDER funds.</p>

Drip irrigation affects N2O emission differently depending on soil moisture status in an intensive vegetable production system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuchun Xu ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Bang Ni ◽  
Xuan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Production System ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Site Preference ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Flood Irrigation ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Production Region ◽  
Soil Moisture Status

<p>Plastic-shed vegetable production system is becoming the main type of vegetable production in China, while excessive irrigation and fertilization input lead to significant N loss by leaching, runoff, and gaseous N. The current study established a field experiment to investigate the effects of drip irrigation and optimized fertilization on vegetable yield, water and fertilizer efficiencies and N<sub>2</sub>O emission in a typical intensive plastic-shed tomato production region of China. The treatments include CK (no fertilization, flood irrigation), FFP (farmers’ conventional fertilization, flood irrigation), OPT1 (80% of FFP fertilization, flood irrigation), OPT2 (80% of FFP fertilization, drip irrigation). N<sub>2</sub>O isotopocule deltas, including δ<sup>15</sup>N<sup>bulk</sup>, δ<sup>18</sup>O and SP (the <sup>15</sup>N site preference in N<sub>2</sub>O), have been used to investigate microbial pathways of N<sub>2</sub>O production under different treatments. Our results showed: i) optimized fertilization and drip irrigation significantly improved the fertilizer and water use efficiency without reducing tomato yield, ii) compared with flood irrigation, drip irrigation decreased soil WFPS and soil ammonium content, but increased soil nitrate content. When soil moisture was higher than 60%WFPS, drip irrigation led to a decrease of N<sub>2</sub>O emission with lower N<sub>2</sub>O SP signature observed than that of food irrigation, suggesting a reduction of denitrification derived N<sub>2</sub>O. In contrast, drip irrigation significantly increased N<sub>2</sub>O emission and N<sub>2</sub>O SP value when soil moisture status was lower than 55% WFPS, which may be due to the enhanced nitrification or fungal denitrification derived N<sub>2</sub>O.</p>

Cool storage and post-storage treatment of strawberry runners for summer planting

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (66) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
CR Little ◽  
KH Kroon ◽  
RG Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Cool Storage ◽  
Storage Treatment ◽  
Polyethylene Bags

Winter dug strawberry runners of the cultivar Red Gauntlet were stored in sealed or ventilated polyethylene bags at -2.2�C for 63 months. After storage and before planting, runners received post storage treatments at 256�C. Crown and root growth occurred where treatment duration at 25.6�C exceeded two days. This did not adversely affect vigour in the field after planting, but did reduce fruit yield in the autumn crop. Pre-storage benomyl dusting reduced mould infection after cool storage and before planting. Crown and root growth and weight loss was reduced where runners were contained in sealed polyethylene bags, and significantly higher fruit yield was subsequently obtained from these treatments.

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