Brain Tumors - Analysis of 320 Cases

We have studied 320 cases of brain tumour. In adults 80% tumours were supra-tentorial and 20% were infra-tentorial. In case of children, 71.25% were infra-tentorial and 29.8 % were supratentorial. Age ranges in our study were between 10 months to 75 years. Male to female ratio of incidence were about 2:1. All (100%) patients had cognitive impairment with features of raised intracranial pressure. Diagnosis was made on the basis of CT scan of brain (78.12%) or MRI of Brain (21.88%). Surgical intervention was done in the form of burr hole and biopsy in 45 cases (14.06%), Craniotomy with total excisional biopsy in 109 cases (34.6%) and excision and biopsy with residual tumors in 166 cases (51.81%). Peri-operative mortality in our study was 6.25%. doi: 10.3329/taj.v19i1.3164 TAJ 2006; 19(1): 24-26

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Usefulness of CT Scan and MRI for the Detection and Evaluation of Brain Tumors

Asian Journal of Medical Radiological Research ◽

10.47009/ajmrr.2020.8.1.28 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 154-158

Author(s):

D. Saraswathi ◽

G. Srirama Murthy

Keyword(s):

Brain Tumors ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Brain Parenchyma ◽

Intracranial Tumors ◽

Mri Imaging ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Male To Female

Background: Intracranial tumors can arise from various locations in the brain parenchyma. Computed tomography scan (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are important modalities for diagnosis of intracranial tumors. The aim of the study is to study the usefulness of CT scan and MRI for the detection and evaluation of brain tumors. Subjects and Methods: This was a prospective cross sectional study comprising of 95 patients diagnosed with brain tumors clinically. CT scan was done in all the patients and MRI was done in 45 patients. Findings were correlated with histopathology. Results: In the present study, age group distribution included from 20 years to more than 50 years.In the present study males were predominant and the male to female ratio was 1.3:1. All the cases, (100%) presented with seizures, followed by headache, hemiparesis and vomiting. Conclusion: CT scan and MRI imaging modalities are of utmost importance in diagnosing brain tumors. Early diagnosis is important and the imaging guides the neurosurgeon regarding appropriate surgical approach.

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CT scan findings in mild head trauma: a series of 2,000 patients

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/s0004-282x2002000200004 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 60 (2A) ◽

pp. 204-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Kelly C. Bordignon ◽

Walter Oleschko Arruda

Keyword(s):

Ct Scan ◽

Head Trauma ◽

Alcohol Intoxication ◽

Head Injuries ◽

Cranial Computed Tomography ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Brain Contusion ◽

Interpersonal Aggression ◽

Common Causes ◽

Male To Female

The present study describes the cranial computed tomography (CT) scan findings of 2,000 cases of mild head trauma (HT) in Curitiba, Southern Brazil. The mean age of the entire series was 30.8 ±19 years. The overall male to female ratio was 2:1. The most common causes of head injury were interpersonal aggression (17.9%), falls (17.4%), automobile accidents (16.2%), falls to the ground (13.1%) and pedestrian injuries (13 %). Alcohol intoxication was associated with HT in 158 cases (7.9%). A normal CT scan was seen in 60.75% (1215) and an abnormal CT scan in 39.25% (785) of patients. Out of 785 abnormal CT scan, 518(65.9%) lesions were related to HT. The most common CT scan HT related findings were: soft tissue swelling (8.9 %), skull fractures (4.3 %), intracranial and subgaleal hematomas (3.4% and 2.4 %), brain swelling (2 %) and brain contusion (1.2%). Out of 785 abnormal CT scans, 267 (34.1%) lesions were not related to head trauma. Incidental CT scan findings included brain atrophy (5.9%), one calcification (5.2%) several calcifications (2.4%) (probably neurocysticercosis in most cases), ischemic infarct (1.9%) and leukoaraiosis (1.3%). These findings showed the importance of CT scan examination in mild head injuries. Further studies to identify mild HT patients at higher risk of significant brain injury are warranted in order to optimize its use.

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Brain tumors in patients primarly treated psychiatrically

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp1109809i ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 68 (9) ◽

pp. 809-814 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dragana Ignjatovic-Ristic ◽

Vesna Pusicic ◽

Sanja Pejovic ◽

Slavica Djukic-Dejanovic ◽

Dragan Milovanovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intracranial Pressure ◽

Brain Tumors ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Diagnostic Procedures ◽

Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽

Treatment Resistant ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

History Of

Introduction. Psychiatric symptoms are not rare manifestations of brain tumors. Brain tumors presented by symptoms of raised intracranial pressure, focal neurological signs, or convulsions are usually first seen by the neurologist or less frequently by the neurosurgeon in routine diagnostic procedures. On the other hand, when psychiatric symptoms are the first manifestation in ?neurologically silent? brain tumors, the patients are sent to the psychiatrist for the treatment of psychiatric symptoms and brain tumors are left misdiagnosed for a long period of time. Case Report. We presented three patients with the diagnosed brain tumor where psychiatrist had been the first specialist to be consulted. In all three cases neurological examination was generally unremarkable with no focal signs or features of raised intracranial pressure. CT scan demonstrated right insular tumor in a female patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD); right parietal temporal tumor in a patient with delusions and depression and left frontal tumor in a patient with history of alcohol dependency. Conclusion. Psychiatric symptoms/disorders in patients with brain tumors are not specific enough and can have the same clinical presentation as the genuine psychiatric disorder. Therefore, we emphasize the consideration of neuroimaging in patients with abrupt beginning of psychiatric symptoms, in those with a change in mental status, or when headaches suddenly appear or in cases of treatment resistant psychiatric disorders regardless the lack of neurological symptoms.

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A Comprehensive Approach to Thyroid Swellings: Clinical, Sonological, Cytological and Histopathological Correlation

Otorhinolaryngology Clinics - An International Journal ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10003-1143 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 5-8

Author(s):

MC Trupthi ◽

S Boobalan

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

Comprehensive Approach ◽

Referral Centre ◽

Tertiary Referral ◽

Tertiary Referral Centre ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Histopathological Correlation ◽

Male To Female

ABSTRACT Objectives This study was conducted with the aim of clinicopathological evaluation of thyroid swellings. Setting Tertiary referral centre, Davangere, Karnataka, India. Design Retrospective study. Materials and methods Clinical details, sonological reports, laboratory reports were retrieved from the records for the 110 patients with thyroid swellings who were included in our study, between May 2009 and April 2013 and the data was analyzed. Cytological smears in all patients and histopathology slides in operated patients were retrieved and studied. Results The highest incidence (37.4%) of thyroid swellings were found in age group of 21 to 30 years. The youngest patient being 10 years. Females (90%) predominated in this study, male to female ratio being 1:9. Majority of patients (35%) came with complaints of swelling of duration less than 6 months. Among 110 patients, 36.36% of them were treated conservatively, out of which 7 cases (17.5%) were hyperthyroid, 10 cases (25%) were hypothyroid and 23 cases (57.5%) were euthyroid and the remaining 63.63% of them underwent surgery. Of the 110 patients subjected to FNAC, 16 patients (14.54%) were neoplastic and 94 patients (85.45%) were non-neoplastic. Upon correlation with the histopathology report, the sensitivity of FNAC was 78.57%, specificity was 91.07%, with a positive predictive value of 68.75% and negative predictive value of 94.44%. Diagnostic accuracy of FNAC is 88.50%. Conclusion FNAC and USG are valuable tools in assessing the need for surgical intervention in thyroid swellings. USG guided aspiration will further enhance the cytological yield and diagnostic accuracy. How to cite this article Santosh UP, Sunil Kumar KB, Trupthi MC, Boobalan S. A Comprehensive Approach to Thyroid Swellings: Clinical, Sonological, Cytological and Histopathological Correlation. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2014;6(1):5-8.

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Clinical study of non epidermoid malignancies of the paranasal sinuses

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20190773 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 421

Author(s):

Y. Prabhakar Rao ◽

Punga Amreeta Kaur

Keyword(s):

Ct Scan ◽

Paranasal Sinuses ◽

Nasal Endoscopy ◽

Purulent Discharge ◽

Age Group ◽

Soft Tissue Density ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Non Hodgkins Lymphoma ◽

Male To Female

Background: Malignancy of paranasal sinuses post challenging issues not only for surgeons but also for radiologists. Patients also try to avoid and neglect the condition. Hence clinical studies are more pertinent on this issue. Objective was to study clinical picture of non epidermoid malignancies of the paranasal sinuses.Methods: This was a retrospective hospital based study of 30 patients with non epidermoid malignancies of the paranasal sinuses from two hospitals over a period of more than four years. Clinical characteristics were studied. CT scan, diagnostic nasal endoscopy, histopathology was done for all patients. Data was analyzed using proportions. Results: Majority affected were males. The male to female ratio was 2:1. Maximum cases were found in the age group of 51-60 years and all of them were males. Left side was most commonly affected. The most common presenting feature was nasal obstruction in 50% of the cases. Nasal endoscopy findings has shown that there were five cases each of pinkish red polypoid mass, pinkish grey fleshy mass, pinkish red proliferative mass, pink fleshy mass, purulent discharge and fleshy pinkish red mass. Heterogeneous soft tissue density was the most common CT scan finding. Non Hodgkins lymphoma was more common. Half of the cases were managed by maxillectomy and half of the cases were managed by radiotherapy. There was no recurrence of the tumor after 6-9 months of follow up.Conclusions: Males are more commonly affected than females. Appropriate management of cases prevents recurrence of the tumors.

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Vitellointestinal Duct Anomalies in Infancy

Journal of Neonatal Surgery ◽

10.21699/jns.v5i3.351 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 30 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Yogender Singh Kadian ◽

Anjali Verma ◽

Kamal Nain Rattan ◽

Pardeep Kajal

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Analysis ◽

Umbilical Hernia ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

Meckel Diverticulum ◽

Hernia Sac ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Electrolyte Disturbance ◽

Vitelline Duct ◽

Male To Female ◽

High Output

Background: Vitellointestinal duct (VID) or omphalomesenteric duct anomalies are secondary to the persistence of the embryonic vitelline duct, which normally obliterates by weeks 5–9 of intrauterine life.Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of a total of 16 patients of symptomatic remnants of vitellointestinal duct from period of Jan 2009 to May 2013.Results: Male to female ratio (M:F) was 4.3:1 and mean age of presentation was 2 months and their mode of presentation was: patent VID in 9 (56.25%) patients, umbilical cyst in 2(12.25%), umbilical granuloma in 2 (12.25%), and Meckel diverticulum as content of hernia sac in obstructed umbilical hernia in 1 (6.25%) patient. Two patients with umbilical fistula had severe electrolyte disturbance and died without surgical intervention.Conclusion: Persistent VID may have varied presentations in infancy. High output umbilical fistula and excessive bowel prolapse demand urgent surgical intervention to avoid morbidity and mortality.

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Orbital complications of ENT diseases

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20175627 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 210 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abhay Kumar ◽

Jitendra P. S. Chauhan ◽

Sunil K. S. Bhadouriya ◽

Bhartendu Bharti ◽

Prem Narain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Diagnosis ◽

Vision Loss ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

Correct Diagnosis ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Close Proximity ◽

Common Clinical Presentation ◽

Orbital Complications ◽

Male To Female

Background: Orbital complications are fairly common in Otorhinolaryngology practice because of close proximity of orbit to adjacent ENT regions. Orbital complications must be suspected whenever ENT patients present with complaints of proptosis, diplopia, vision loss and epiphora. Early diagnosis and treatment is necessary to prevent morbidity and mortality in these patients.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the ENT department for a period of 1 year from August 2016 to July 2017 and comprised of 38 cases. This study was conducted to see the incidence, etiology, clinical, radiological and histopathological profile in relation to ophthalmic complications in ENT diseases. Results: Male to female ratio was 1.71:1. Patients mean age at presentation in present study was 39.71±19.86 (SD) years and maximum number of cases 10 (26.32%) were between 41-50 years of age. Among 38 patients of our series, most common clinical presentation was proptosis followed by nasal obstruction. Commonest ENT diseases responsible for orbital complications were the different sinonasal tumours comprising 18 cases, in which carcinoma maxilla constituted 6 cases.Conclusions: In conclusion, correct diagnosis, adequate antibiotic therapy, and surgical intervention are important for management of orbital and ophthalmic complications. Cooperation between Ophthalmologist and the Otolaryngologist is clearly desirable for proper management of these cases.

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856. Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Disease in Children: A Canadian MultiCenter Study on Emerging Serotypes

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofz359.041 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. S19-S19

Author(s):

Craig Frankel ◽

Mohammad Alghounaim ◽

Jane McDonald ◽

John Gunawan ◽

Joan Robinson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surgical Intervention ◽

Effective Vaccine ◽

Motor Deficits ◽

Complication Rates ◽

Serotype Distribution ◽

Haemophilus Influenza ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Gram Negative Bacteremia ◽

Male To Female

Abstract Background Our objective was to describe the serotype distribution and clinical spectrum of invasive Haemophilus influenza (Hi) disease in children admitted to participating centers within the Paediatric Investigator’s Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC). Methods All cases of Hi bacteremia were identified from the PICNIC Database of Gram-negative bacteremia (2013–2017). Disease was defined as complicated if the following occurred: (a) >2 sites were affected, (b) surgical intervention was required, (c) organ failure, (d) ICU admission, (e) seizures, (f) sensory or motor deficits, (g) treatment-related complications, or (h) death. Results There were 98 cases of Hi bacteremia. Male to female ratio was 64:34 and median age was 12 (IQR: 7–48; range 0–216) months. Hi serotypes included: a (N = 31; 32%), b (N = 9; 9%), f (N = 15; 13%), c (N = 1;1%), e (N = 1; 1%), nontypeable (N = 34; 35%) and unknown (N = 7; 7%). Clinical foci included: bacteremia without a focus (N = 19; 19%), meningitis (N = 29; 30%), cellulitis (N = 8; 8%), septic arthritis (N = 6; 6%), pneumonia (n = 33; 34%), epiglottitis (N = 1; 1%), and endovascular infection (n = 3; 3%). Complicated disease occurred in 29 (30%) cases; there was one (1%) death. Where serotyping was available, complication rates were: 42%, 22%, 100%, 0%, 33%, and 21% for Hia, Hib, Hic, Hie, Hif and nontypeable Hi, respectively. Factors associated with complicated disease were: age <5 years (P = 0.009), bacteremia without a focus (P = 0.006) and a CNS focus (P < 0.001). Hia was the leading serotype in meningitis (55%; P = 0.022). Nontypeable Hi was most frequent in pneumonia cases (56%; P = 0.003) and never caused cellulitis (0% vs. 14%; P = 0.023). Neonatal disease (N = 5) was predominantly caused by nontypeable Hi (80%; P = 0.040). Of note, 26 (27%) of our Hi isolates were ampicillin resistant. Conclusion In the era of efficacious conjugate Hib vaccines, serotype has emerged as the leading cause of typeable Hi disease in Canada and is highly associated with meningitis, especially in young children. Strategies for preventing Hi disease need to target this emerging serotype and efforts should be focused toward developing an effective vaccine for serotype a disease. Disclosures All Authors: No reported Disclosures.

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Surgery in Hypertensive Intracerebral Haematoma (ICH) Study of 49 Cases

TAJ Journal of Teachers Association ◽

10.3329/taj.v20i2.3073 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 127-128

Author(s):

M Lutfor Rahman ◽

M Shafiqul Islam ◽

M Intekhab Alab ◽

AKM Mohiuddin ◽

M Abdul Karim

Keyword(s):

Ct Scan ◽

Daily Living ◽

Intracerebral Haematoma ◽

Activity Of Daily Living ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Pontine Haemorrhage ◽

Male To Female ◽

Severe Type ◽

Cerebral Haematoma

Surgery in hypertensive intra cerebral haematoma are still controversial. We treated 49 cases of intracerebral haematoma surgically from January 1995 to December 2005. Hypertensive haematomas are- putaminal, thalamic, cerebellar, pontine haemorrhage and subcortical. These haematomas are mild, moderate and severe type. We operated ICH, where the diameters of haematomas were more than 3cm. Outcome was assessed on basis of activity of daily living (ADL). Male to female ratio was 5:2, Patients age ranged 45 to 72 years. All patients presented with unconscious or semiconscious stage, 100% patients had CT scan of brain. In this study of 49 cases 20(40.82%) had ADL II, 24 (45.82%) had ADL III, 1 (2.4%) had ADL IV. Death occurred in 04 (8.16%) cases. doi: 10.3329/taj.v20i2.3073 TAJ 2007; 20(2): 127-128

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Etiology and management of perforation peritonitis: perspective from developing world

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20173895 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (9) ◽

pp. 3097

Author(s):

Rajandeep Singh Bali ◽

Ashok Kumar Sharma ◽

Rajesh Kumar Soni

Keyword(s):

Developing World ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

Unknown Etiology ◽

Duodenal Ulcers ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Surgical Emergencies ◽

Perforation Peritonitis ◽

Developed World ◽

Male To Female ◽

Bowel Strangulation

Background: Gastrointestinal perforation peritonitis is one of the commonest surgical emergencies encountered by surgeons all over the world.Methods: Present study was a retrospective study conducted at Lok-Nayak Hospital by analyzing the case records of 246 patients of perforation peritonitis presenting to the Emergency Department from January 2012 to December 2015.Results: A total of 246 patients were analyzed retrospectively. Mean age of present study group was 38.6 years, with male to female ratio of 2:1. The commonest etiology was gastro-duodenal ulcers followed by (in order of decreasing frequency) appendicitis, typhoid, trauma, tuberculosis, malignancy, bowel strangulation, amoebiasis, diverticulitis and unknown etiology. Mortality was 20 (8.13%) cases in the present study group.Conclusions: The spectrum of etiology of perforation peritonitis in the developing world differs markedly from that in the developed world. Early and aggressive fluid and electrolyte correction followed by prompt surgical intervention to address the cause under the cover of broad spectrum antibiotics are the cornerstones in achieving a favourable and good outcome.

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