scholarly journals ANALISA PERBANDINGAN UNJUK KERJA PEMAKAIAN BAHAN BAKAR MOTOR KONVENSIONAL DENGAN MOTOR LISTRIK ULC PLN AREA CENGKARENG

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Redaksi Tim Jurnal
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Electric Motors ◽  
Service Unit ◽  
Quick Service ◽  
Petroleum Reserves

The depletion of petroleum reserves makes people always try to find alternative energy to meet their daily needs. Especially for fuel oil in vehicles whose price is increasing, making scientists to look for alternative energy as a vehicle. Electric motors are one of the alternatives currently being promoted to replace oil-fueled vehicles. There are many types and models of electric motors in the community. The research that will be done is to test the performance of electric motorcycle used by PLN Cengkareng Area for the activities of Quick Service Unit (ULC = Unit Layanan Cepat) and compared with conventional motorcycle fueled by premium oil

POTENSI SUMBER BIOGAS BERBASIS TINJA PADA SUATU CLUSTER PERUMAHAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
As Zhu Ra ◽  
Sudarti ◽  
Yushardi
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Exhaust Pipe ◽  
Human Waste ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
The Future

Abstract: THE POTENTIAL OF BIOGAS SOURCES BASED ON REFERENCE IN A HOUSING CLUSTER. In the future there will be a shortage of fuel oil, as a result developed countries will begin to work on the management of use in replacing the problem of low fuel oil and shortage of LPJ gas in the future, one of which is to produce alternative energy using human waste as the basic material, usually called Bio- Gas / Bio-Fuel. However, the management system and processes still use septic tanks that absorb human waste. So the main material or human waste that can be made to generate alternative energy for general public needs, so that it is not wasted using existing disposal methods. This activity is an explanatory activity to describe the process of disposing of human waste in the process of the exhaust pipe equipment system for each house by accumulating it in the central disposal area for the fermentation process to produce methane gas which is converted into gas power to electricity. This invention is used to find out how to make biogas from human waste. The findings of the present invention show the addition of methane gas and a central septic-tank in several households. Key words: Energy, Alternative, Biogas, Human waste, Fermentation process, Biofuel Abstrak: Pada masa depan akan terjaddi kekurangan bahan bakar minyak, akibatnya wilayah negara maju memulai mengerjakan pengelolaan digunakan dalam menggantikan permasalahan sedikitnya BBM dan kekurangan gas LPJ pada masa depan nanti, salah satu yang dilakukan adalah memproduksi energi alternative dengan bahan dasar kotoran manusia biasanya dinamakan dengan Bio-Gas/Bio-Fuel. Akan tetapi, system pengelolaannya dan prosesnya masih menggunakan septik-tank yang meresap kotoran manusia. Jadi bahan utama atau limbah manusia yang sepatutnya dapat dibuat untuk penghasilan tenaga alternative untuk keperluan umum masyarakat, supaya tidak terbuang sia-sia menggunakan cara pembuangan yang ada. Kegiatan ini merupakan pada kegiatan eksplanatori berbuat untuk mendiskripsikan proses prosedur membuang kotoran manusia dalam proses system perlengkapan pipa pembuangan tiap-tiap rumah dengan dikomulatifkan di wardah pembuangan pusat untuk proses fermentasi untuk menghasilkan gas metana yang dirubah dalam tenaga gas ke listrik. Penemuan ini digunakan untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara membuat biogas dari kotoran manusia. Perolehan dari penemuan ini memperlihatkan penambahan gas metana dan sentral septik-tank pada beberapa rumah tangga. Kata kunci: Energi, Alternatif, Biogas, Kotoran manusia, Proses fermentasi, Biofuel

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF CORROSION DEPTH PERCENTAGE ON THE INNER BOTTOM PLATES OF AGING BULK CARRIERS WITH AN AIM TO OPTIMIZE CORROSION MARGIN

Brodogradnja ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-95
Author(s):  
Špiro Ivošević ◽  
◽  
Nataša Kovač ◽  
Nikola Momčilović ◽  
Goran Vukelić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Metal Plate ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Corrosion Depth ◽  
Structural Rules ◽  
Bulk Carriers ◽  
Simple Conversion

To ensure the better structural integrity and maximum safety of bulk carriers in the ship design phase, an appropriate corrosion margin is introduced by the classification societies, which should enable the exploitation of ships during the projected 25-year life cycle. The new Common Structural Rules introduce even higher corrosion margin value to ensure the structural integrity of the ship. This directly affects the increase in hull weight and thus the need for more total installed power and higher fuel consumption. Higher fuel consumption results in increased emissions which directly affects environmental pollution. For these reasons, efforts are being made to introduce alternative energy sources, cleaner fuel, ship weight reduction, and the overall economic efficiency of ships. Therefore, using experimental data collected on aging bulk carriers, the paper explores the corrosion margin reduction potential considering its impact on hull weight. Assuming that the corrosive processes occur after four years of operation, a linear model that describes the percentage of plate wear as a function of the as build-in the thickness of inner bottom plates (IBP) of fuel oil tanks (FOT) located on the double bottom of aging bulk carriers, is analyzed. Over the course of 25 years, the IBP segment was monitored on 36 different ships surveys. In this way, 520 input data describing the depth of corrosion were formed. At the same time, records were kept on the mean thickness of the original metal plate, which enabled systematization of the empirical database and grouping of measured values by intervals of original plate thicknesses, and simple conversion of corrosion depth into adequate percentage values. Depth corrosion percentages were represented by standard linear models known in the literature. Based on this analysis, representative numerical and graphical results were obtained. Conclusions from the paper can assist to optimize corrosion margin and the energy efficiency of future vessels.

scholarly journals Screening of Hybrid Jatropha curcas L. Genotypes for Drought Tolerant Abilities as a Source of Superior Variety Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Erfan Dani Septia ◽  
Siti Rofidah ◽  
Sofyan Arief ◽  
Maftuchah Maftuchah
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Phase Diversity ◽  
Productive Land ◽  
Experimental Garden

<p>The scarcity of fuel oil in the future needs to be anticipated by preparing alternative energy. One of the alternative energy sources developed is <em>Jatropha</em>. However, the development of <em>Jatropha</em> should use marginal land as a cultivation area, like a dry land, because the food crops and horticulture use productive land for cultivation. Furthermore, <em>Jatropha</em> development through breeding is an effort to obtain superior varieties as biodiesel producers. This study aimed to determine the best phenotype characteristics of hybrid<em> Jatropha</em> plants as superior candidate trees. This research applied a descriptive qualitative method to determine the characteristics of <em>Jatropha</em> crossing results. The <em>Jatropha</em> characterization was conducted at the experimental garden of Kedung Pengaron Village, Kejayan Sub-district, Pasuruan Regency. The experimental garden was included dry land for <em>Jatropha </em>cultivation. The result showed ten selected genotypes of hybrid<em> Jatropha</em> were found, including 05.01.01, 05.01.02, 05.02.02, 05.02.09, 05.03.17, 05.03.16, 05.04.16, 05.04.15, 06.01.02, 06.01.15. These were based on the two-phase observations, consisting of vegetative and generative observations. The plants’ morphological characters were observed, comprising the stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds. In the vegetative phase, diversity was found in the number of leaves, leaf length and age of flowering, while in the qualitative phase, the shoot colors were more diverse. Moreover, less variations were figured out in the color character of the petiole and the number of shoots. These ten genotypes of hybrid <em>Jatropha</em> are the best genotypes that are resistant to drought with selected agronomic characters.</p>

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF CORROSION DEPTH PERCENTAGE ON THE INNER BOTTOM PLATES OF AGING BULK CARRIERS WITH AN AIM TO OPTIMIZE CORROSION MARGIN

Brodogradnja ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-95
Author(s):  
Špiro Ivošević ◽  
◽  
Nataša Kovač ◽  
Nikola Momčilović ◽  
Goran Vukelić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Metal Plate ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Corrosion Depth ◽  
Structural Rules ◽  
Bulk Carriers ◽  
Simple Conversion

To ensure the better structural integrity and maximum safety of bulk carriers in the ship design phase, an appropriate corrosion margin is introduced by the classification societies, which should enable the exploitation of ships during the projected 25-year life cycle. The new Common Structural Rules introduce even higher corrosion margin value to ensure the structural integrity of the ship. This directly affects the increase in hull weight and thus the need for more total installed power and higher fuel consumption. Higher fuel consumption results in increased emissions which directly affects environmental pollution. For these reasons, efforts are being made to introduce alternative energy sources, cleaner fuel, ship weight reduction, and the overall economic efficiency of ships. Therefore, using experimental data collected on aging bulk carriers, the paper explores the corrosion margin reduction potential considering its impact on hull weight. Assuming that the corrosive processes occur after four years of operation, a linear model that describes the percentage of plate wear as a function of the as build-in the thickness of inner bottom plates (IBP) of fuel oil tanks (FOT) located on the double bottom of aging bulk carriers, is analyzed. Over the course of 25 years, the IBP segment was monitored on 36 different ships surveys. In this way, 520 input data describing the depth of corrosion were formed. At the same time, records were kept on the mean thickness of the original metal plate, which enabled systematization of the empirical database and grouping of measured values by intervals of original plate thicknesses, and simple conversion of corrosion depth into adequate percentage values. Depth corrosion percentages were represented by standard linear models known in the literature. Based on this analysis, representative numerical and graphical results were obtained. Conclusions from the paper can assist to optimize corrosion margin and the energy efficiency of future vessels.

scholarly journals Formulasi Briket Bioarang Sekam Padi dan Biji Salak sebagai Sumber Energi Alternatif

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finta Amalinda
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Mixed Formulation ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Time Duration

Necessity and energy consumption were increased sharply followed by population growth and community economy. Necessity and energy consumption were more focused on the use of fuel oil, especially in Indonesia, fuel oil reserve become diminish. In order to decrease adverse effects of fossil fuel use, development of renewableenergy sources is needed, considering, that Indonesia has abundant biomass energy that has not been used optimally. Alternative energy can be produced from appropriate technology by utilizing biomass waste. For instance, rice husk and zalacca seeds wich were by-product and waste that the benfits of has not been widely studied.The aim of this research is to find out the head value, duration of tima, ash and water contents, volatile matter, and carbon content of the mixture form of bioarangrice husk and zalacca seeds.This research is an experimental research wich test was carried out in the laboratorium. This research was conducted from june to august 2018. The object of this research is biomass formulation of bioarang mixtures of rice husk and zalacca seeds by mass comparison 0,25:1, 0,5:0,75, 0,5:0,5, 0,75:0,5 and 1:0,25 with the total mass of 200 gram, formed on the mold with a diameter of 5 centimeters, and a height of 7 centimeters.Based on the research, the result found that the mixed formulation of rice husk and zalacca seeds with ratio of 0,25:1 has the longest time duration which 38 minutes and 15 seconds, the largest water content approximately 5,761% and the highest carbon content was 60,326%. Furthermore, the mixed formulation of rice husk and zalacca seeds with ratio 1:0,25 has the highest heating value as much as 260,309 KJ/gr, the highest ash content was 13,829%, and the highest volatile matter substances was about 33,671%.

PENGARUH TINGKAT KEMATANGAN BIJI BUAH NYAMPLUNG (Calophylum inophylum L.) TERHADAP RENDEMEN MINYAK BIJI BUAH NYAMPLUNG

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Noor Mirad Sari
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Number ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Oil Fuel

Indonesia which is a net-exporter in of fuel oil has turn become a net importer of oil since 2009. It is ironic because it occurs at the world's oil price is unstable and tends to increase. It is time for Indonesia to develop alternative energy sources and bio-diesel oil from the seeds of  nyamplung (Calophylum inophylum L.). The purpose of this researh was to determine the magnitude of the yield of oil from the seeds of the produced by the level of maturity. The raw and the riped yamplung seeds was used in this research. The results showed that the yield of oil in ripe seed is 24.01% and the raw one is 19.17% . Acid number and iodine number of oil based on the average maturity are 37.51 g / ml and 3094.14 g / ml for the ripe fruit, and 37.18 g / ml and 3421.32 g / ml for the raw fruit.Keywords: nyamplung, maturity, yield, oil, fuel.

Turkey's Renewable Energy Potential

2021 ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
Suudan Gökçe Gök
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
The World

The energy sector holds a crucial strategic importance for development and its sustainability. However, the energy reserves in Turkey are insufficient for the increasing energy demand. For this reason, the need for alternative energy sources has emerged. The fact that fossil fuels used in energy production will be exhausted and their damaging effects on the environment has made it inevitable for the world to use renewable energy. In Turkey, the following are the main energy sources used in electricity production: hydraulic sources, brown coal, natural gas, coal and fuel oil. The use of renewable energy sources in electricity production has shown a considerable development in the world over the past few decades. However, these energy resources have yet to be exploited to any large extent in Turkey. In this chapter, the range of potential renewable energy resources available for electricity production in Turkey will be analyzed in order to determine the necessary technical substructure to make these renewable energy resources more attractive.

scholarly journals Pengembangan Sekolah Hemat Energi Melalui Aplikasi Teknologi Hybrid

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Fajar Danur Isnantyo ◽  
A G Tamrin ◽  
Taufiq Lilo Adi Sucipto ◽  
Mardani Mardani ◽  
Suhirman Suhirman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Hybrid Technology ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Technology Applications ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Petroleum Reserves

Kebutuhan energi di Indonesia khususnya dan di dunia pada umumnya terus meningkat dikarenakan pertambahan penduduk, pertumbuhan ekonomi, dan pola konsumsi energi itu sendiri. Hal ini diperparah dengan tingginya kebutuhan bahan bakar minyak yang diiringi oleh penurunan kapasitas produksi. Menurut blue print pengelolaan energi nasional yang dikeluarkan Departemen Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral (DESDM), cadangan minyak bumi di Indonesia akan habis dalam kurun waktu 18 tahun lagi, sedangkan gas diperkirakan akan habis 60 tahun lagi dan batubara 147 tahun terhitung dari tahun 2006. Dengan perkembangan teknologi terkini dan menyongsong pembelajaran Abad 21, maka penting sekali mengembangkan model sekolah hemat energi. Khususnya melalui aplikasi teknologi hybrid yang bisa diimplementasikan di sekolah tersebut. Kegiatan yang dilaksanakan adalah memperkenalkan penggunaan teknologi hybrid tenaga surya dan tenaga angin. Adapun kegiatan pendampingan meliputi: Penjelasan pengembangan model sekolah hemat energi, Pelaksanaan aplikasi teknologi hybrid pada sekolah dan Evaluasi pendampingan sekolah hemat energi. Energy needs in Indonesia in particular and in the world, in general, continue to increase due to population growth, economic growth, and the pattern of energy consumption itself. This situation is compounded by the high demand for fuel oil that is accompanied by a decrease in production capacity. According to the national energy management blueprint issued by the Department of Energy and Mineral Resources (DESDM), petroleum reserves in Indonesia will be exhausted within another 18 years, while gas is expected to run out in 60 years and coal 147 years from 2006. With the latest technological developments and welcoming 21st Century learning, it is very important to develop energy-efficient school models. Especially through the application of hybrid technology that can be implemented at the school. The activity carried out was to introduce the use of solar technology and wind power together. The assistance activities include Explanation of the development of energy-saving school models, Implementation of hybrid technology applications in schools and Evaluation of energy-saving school assistance.

scholarly journals STUDI SIMULASI CFD PENGARUH LEBAR CORD SUDU NACA A 0015 TERHADAP POWER FACTOR TURBIN DARIEUS

KURVATEK ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Harianto Harianto
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Blade Profile ◽  
Water Flow Velocity ◽  
Energy Needs

AbstrakDiseluruh dunia khususnya di Indonesia saat sedang menghadapi permasalahan kebutuhan energi yaitu disebabkan oleh meningkatnya kebutuhan energi setiap tahunnya yang  sejalan dengan perkembangan industri, jumlah penduduk dan aktifitas manusia, sementara cadangan sumber energi bahan bakar minyak semakin menipis. Pengembangan  sumber energi alternatip saat ini  adalah sumber energi terbarukan yang diantaranya meliputi Solar cell, Turbin energi panas bumu, Turbin energi bayu , dan Turbin energi air . Turbin air Darrieus sumbu vertikal merupakan salah satu turbin air yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan dan cocok untuk diterapkan pada aliran air sungai di Indonesi.Dalam penelitian ini telah dilakukan pembuatan model simulasi turbin Darieus sumbu vertikal dengan profil sudu NACA A0015 yang tergolong sebagai turbin mikrohidro kecepatan aliran. Diameter rotor 20 cm, 3 buah sudu dengan panjang sudu 25 cm dan variasi lebar cord 6, 7 dan 8 cm  serta  posisi sudut kemiringan sudu tangensial rotor -5o , dioperasikan pada   kecepatan aliran air 1.5 m/detik, yang dilakukan dengan simulasi 3d CFD FLUENT untuk mendapatkan besarnya coeffisien  torsi poros turbin , selanjutnya dilakukan analisis besarnya factor daya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa  lebar cord 6 cm ( soliditas ) 0.2864 menghasilkan faktor  daya tertinggi sebesar 0.0447  pada putaran poros 160 rpm dan kecepatan air masuk turbin 1.5 m/detik. Abstract Throughout the world, especially in Indonesia when facing problems of energy needs, that is caused by increasing energy needs each year which are in line with the development of industry, population and human activities, while reserves of energy sources of fuel oil are depleting. The development of alternative energy sources is currently a renewable energy source which includes solar cells, hot energy turbines, wind energy turbines and water energy turbines. The vertical axis Darrieus water turbine is one of the water turbines that has the potential to be developed and is suitable to be applied to river water flows in Indonesia.In this research, a vertical axis Darieus turbine simulation model has been made with NACA A0015 blade profile which is classified as a microhydro flow velocity turbine. Rotator diameter 20 cm, 3 blade with 25 cm blade length and variation of cord width 6, 7 and 8 cm and position of rotor tangential angle of rotor -5o, operated at water flow velocity of 1.5 m / sec, which is done with 3D CFD FLUENT simulation to get the coefficient of turbine shaft torque , an analysis of the magnitude of the power factor is then performed. The results of this study showed that the cord width of 6 cm (solidity 0.2864) resulted in the highest power factor of 0.0447 at shaft rotation of 160 rpm and the speed of turbine intake water 1.5 m / sec. Keywords : Daarieus Turbine, NACA blade profile, Power coefficient. Cord width 

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of renewable energy development in the Republic of Buryatia (Russia) and Mongolia

2021 ◽  
Vol 885 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
A G Badmaev
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Coal Fuel ◽  
Infrastructure Investments ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Low Efficiency

Abstract The constantly growing demand for electricity and relatively small energy capacities are forcing the Republic of Buryatia (to a greater extent) and Mongolia, which are limited in some types of economic activity, to look for new sources of energy. One of these restrictions is the ban on the construction of hydroelectric power plants on rivers of the Lake Baikal basin. Therefore, Buryatia and Mongolia have taken the path of building environmentally friendly power plants and have succeeded in many ways. Despite the high costs of setting up clean power plants, infrastructure investments in alternative energy are long-term and expected to be profitable. Investors (including foreign ones) placing their money in a seemingly low-profit project, having long-term expectations. Competent investors do not run after “quick money”, realising that the return period of the constructed power plants will be long, as at the moment of development they have a relatively low efficiency. Despite the criticism of some researchers [1], they invest in green energy, modern infrastructure and a future without emissions (CO2, NO2, SO2 and other gases) from burning coal, fuel oil and firewood. Other experts see in the development of alternative energy a great potential [2-5], refuting arguments of critics about high cost of electricity [6].

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