scholarly journals Applicability of Euphorbia milii var splendens latex in the control of Biomphalaria tenagophila

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e173101220189
Author(s):  
Matheus Diniz Gonçalves Coêlho ◽  
Cristiane de Carvalho Esteves ◽  
Carolina Aparecida Bastos ◽  
Aline Fátima de Melo ◽  
Lucas Tobias Rodrigues Maciel
Keyword(s):  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Transverse Incision ◽  
Rural Region ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Euphorbia Milii ◽  
Allium Cepa Test ◽  
Molluscicidal Activity

The present work aimed to evaluate in vitro the molluscicidal activity and latex toxicity of Euphorbia milii var. splendens (Bojer ex Hook) Ursch & Leandri for the control of mollusks of the species Biomphalaria tenagophila. Specimens of E. milii var. splendens cultivated in the rural region of Pindamonhangaba were selected, from which latex was obtained by the transverse incision of the aerial parts. For the molluscicide test, adult mollusks of the species B. tenagophila were separated into groups of 10 and submitted to latex immersion at concentrations of 2.5 ppm, 1.25 ppm, 0.625 ppm, and 0.3125 ppm for 24 hours. In parallel, the toxicity of latex at a concentration of 0.3125 ppm was determined by testing with Artemia salina (mortality assessment) and using the Allium cepa test (determination of growth inhibition, amount, and weight of roots). It was observed an important molluscicidal activity of E. milii var. splendens latex at the various concentrations evaluated. In addition, it was also possible to observe moderate toxicity against A. salina nauplii and in the toxicity test with A. cepa. This demonstrates the potential of using latex from E. milii var. splendens to control populations of B. tenagophila species, not only for the observed molluscicidal activity but also for the moderate mortality of A. salina nauplii, whereas in the A. cepa test no change was observed in the parameters evaluated in relation to the control group, demonstrating safety for use in the environment.

scholarly journals Jaceidin Flavonoid Isolated from Chiliadenus montanus Attenuates Tumor Progression in Mice via VEGF Inhibition: In Vivo and In Silico Studies

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameh S. Elhady ◽  
Enas E. Eltamany ◽  
Amera E. Shaaban ◽  
Alaa A. Bagalagel ◽  
Yosra A. Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
In Silico Studies

Phytochemical study of Chiliadenus montanus aerial parts afforded six compounds; Intermedeol (1), 5α-hydroperoxy-β-eudesmol (2), 5,7-dihydroxy-3,3’,4’-trimethoxyflavone (3), 5,7,4’-trihydroxy-3,6,3’-trimethoxyflavone (jaceidin) (4), eudesm-11,13-ene-1β,4β,7α-triol (5) and 1β,4β,7β,11-tetrahydroxyeudesmane (6). These compounds were identified based on their NMR spectral data. The isolated compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity against liver cancer cell line (HepG2) and breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). Jaceidin flavonoid (4) exhibited the highest cytotoxic effect in vitro. Therefore, both of jaceidin and C. montanus extract were evaluated for their in vivo anti-tumor activity against Ehrlich’s ascites carcinoma (EAC). Compared to control group, jaceidin and C. montanus extract decreased the tumor weight, improved the histological picture of tumor cells, lowered the levels of VEGF and ameliorate the oxidative stress. Molecular docking and in silico studies suggested that jaceidin was a selective inhibitor of VEGF-mediated angiogenesis with excellent membrane permeability and oral bioavailability.

302 REPLACEMENT OF FETAL BOVINE SERUM WITH KNOCKOUT SERUM REPLACER AND STEM CELLS CONDITIONED MEDIUM DURING IN VITRO CULTURE OF BOVINE EMBRYOS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
M. M. Souza ◽  
N. Z. Saraiva ◽  
C. S. Oliveira ◽  
T. A. D. Tetzner-Nanzeri ◽  
R. Vantini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Fetal Bovine Serum ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
Fetal Bovine

The use of fetal bovine serum (FBS) as protein supplementation in IVP of bovine embryos has presented difficulties because it can introduce a number of pathogenic components in culture systems, can be related to the birth of calf with abnormal growth and development, and precludes the establishment of the actual nutritional needs of the embryo, because it contains an unlimited variety of substances. This study evaluated the replacement of the FBS in the medium of in vitro culture (IVC) of bovine embryos, using the knockout serum replacer (KSR) as protein supplementation and culture medium conditioned with stem cells. Therefore, bovine oocytes from ovaries of slaughterhouse were selected and matured in vitro in TCM-199 medium supplemented with 10% FBS (Crypion), 1.0 μg mL-1 FSH (Pluset®, Calier, Barcelona, Spain), 50 μg mL-1 hCG (Profasi®, Serono, Geneva, Switzerland), 1.0 μg mL-1 estradiol (Sigma E-2758, Sigma Chemical, St. Louis, MO, USA), 0.2 mM sodium pyruvate, and 83.4 μg mL-1 amikacin for 24 h. After that, 1144 oocytes were fertilized in IVF-TALP medium containing 6 mg mL-1 of BSA. After 18 to 22 h, the zygotes were cultured in SOF + 5% FBS (group 2); SOF + 5% KSR (group 3); SOF (5% FBS) + 10% SOF (5% FBS) conditioned by stem cells (group 4); or SOF (5% KSR) + 10% SOF (5% KSR) conditioned by stem cells (group 5), in an atmosphere of 5% O2 at 38.5°C for 8 days. A control group outside the controlled atmosphere was added, supplemented with 5% FBS (group 1). The SOF medium supplemented with 5% FBS or KSR was conditioned by stem cells and added to SOF medium for the culture of embryo at a concentration of 10%. The rates of cleavage and production of blastocysts were assessed 48 hours and 7 days after IVF, respectively, and analyzed by chi-square test, with a significance level of 5% in the statistical program Minitab® (release 14.1, Minitab, State College, PA, USA). On the eighth day, the TUNEL test for determination of the percentage of apoptosis and the differential staining technique for determination of inner cell mass (ICM) and trophoblast (TF) were performed. The results were submitted to ANOVA, followed by comparing the means by Tukey’s test using the program GraphPad Prism (GraphPad, San Diego, CA, USA). The treatments did not differ in the production of embryos, being similar to the control group: G1 = 31.75% (74/233), G2 = 35.26% (79/224), G3 = 32.70% (74/226), G4 = 28.76% (63/219), and G5 = 26.85% (65/242). With regard to the assessment of embryonic quality, the treatments showed similar results to the control groups. No differences were observed among groups both in color and ICM/TF ratio (G1 = 0.60, G2 = 0.62, G3 =0.65, G4 = 0.60, and G5 = 0.60). Furthermore, the TUNEL showed no significant difference in the percentage of apoptosis among groups (G1 = 7.10%, G2 = 3.76%, G3 = 5.58%, G4 = 4.50%, and G5 = 4.11%). The data obtained so far indicate that it is possible to produce embryos in vitro by replacing the FBS in the culture, achieving results similar to those obtained with serum. Financial support: FAPESP 2007/58506-6.

scholarly journals UJI SITOTOKSIK DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST DAN PROFIL METABOLIT SEKUNDER DARI EKSTRAK BIJI BUAH BERENUK (Crescentia cujete Linn)

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Afdhil Arel
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Test Solution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Crescentia Cujete ◽  
Probit Method ◽  
Concentration Series

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research is to find out the profile of secondary metabolite contained in the extract of seeds (Crescentia cujete Linn.) And cytotoxic test against shrimp larvae Artemia salina Leach by BSLT method. Phytochemical tests showed that the extract be expected contained the terpenoid, alkaloid, phenolic, secondary metabolite compounds. The results of qualitative analysis with positive TLC contains phenolics. The result of identification with Spectrophotometer UV-visfor determination of α max from berenuk seeds extract consisted of 3 peaks with α max 326 nm, 258 nm, 222 nm be expected terpenoid compound, alkaloid, and phenolic. The results of toxicity test using shrimp larvae (Artemia salina leach) were divided into 4 groups: 1 control group and 3 groups of concentration series. The concentration of test solution used was 1,000, 100 and 10 μg / ml. The shrimp larvae mortality was observed after 24 hours of treatment. Based on the analysis with probit method, LC50 value of seed extract berenuk to shrimp larvae Artemia salina Leach is equal to 82,30 μg/ml. This shows that the extract of berenuk berries is toxic to shrimp larvae Artemia salina Leach, presence to terpenoid content, alkaloids and phenolics in the extract of seeds berenuk.Keywords : Secondary metabolite; Cytotoxic; BSLT.

scholarly journals Determination of Polyphenols in Mentha longifolia and M. piperita Field-Grown and In Vitro Plant Samples Using UPLC-TQ-MS

2011 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Krzyzanowska ◽  
Bogdan Janda ◽  
Lukasz Pecio ◽  
Anna Stochmal ◽  
Wieslaw Oleszek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Salvianolic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Plants ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Callus Tissues

Abstract Nine polyphenols in the aerial parts of Mentha longifolia have been separated by chromatographic techniques. Their structures have been confirmed by HPLC/electrospray ionization-MS/MS. The compounds identified included rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid L, dedihydro–salvianolic acid, luteolin–glucuronide, luteolin–diglucuronide, luteolin–glucopyranosyl–rhamnopyranoside, and eriodictyol–glucopyranosyl–rhamnopyranoside. The extracts of M. longifolia and M. piperita field plants, in vitro plants, callus tissues, and cell suspension cultures were profiled, and their polyphenol composition was compared in different tissues and quantified using ultra-performance column liquid chromatography (UPLC)/triple-quadrupole-MS in the selected-ion recording detection mode. Determination of desired compounds was based on calibration curves obtained for standards, which were previously isolated from M. longifolia aerial parts. The UPLC profiles revealed considerable differences in the synthesis of secondary metabolites among samples coming from field plants, in vitro plants, callus tissues, and cell suspension cultures. Plant tissues coming from field cultivation (for both M. piperita and M. longifolia) contained several phenolic compounds (flavonoids and phenolic acids), whereas plants from in vitro conditions, callus tissues, and suspension cultures contained only a few of them. Rosmarinic acid dominated in all of these samples. These results show that under in vitro conditions, the metabolism of phenolics undergoes a fundamental change.

scholarly journals Lipid content and cryotolerance of in vitro-produced bovine embryos treated with forskolin before vitrification

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Meneghel ◽  
Priscila Chediek Dall’Acqua ◽  
Marcela Ambrogi ◽  
Beatriz C.S. Leão ◽  
Nathália A.S. Rocha-Frigoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Sudan Black B ◽  
Content Development ◽  
Pre Treatment

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the intracytoplasmic lipid content, development and cryotolerance of in vitro-produced bovine embryos treated with different concentrations of forskolin before vitrification. Embryos were produced from abattoir-derived ovaries and allocated into four groups. In the treatment groups, forskolin was added to the in vitro culture medium on Day 6 and incubated for 24 hours in one of the following concentrations: 2.5μM (Forsk 2.5 group), 5.0μM (Forsk 5.0 group) or 10.0μM (Forsk 10.0 group). Embryos from the control group were cultured without forskolin. On Day 7 of culture, the expanded blastocysts were stained with the lipophilic dye Sudan Black B for determination of the intracytoplasmic lipid content or were cryopreserved via the Vitri-Ingá® procedure. Although there were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the blastocyst rates between the Control group (44.9%) and the other treatments, the embryo production was lower (P<0.05) in Forsk 10.0 group (38.8%) compared to Forsk 2.5 (50.5%) and Forsk 5.0 (54.7%) groups. The intracytoplasmic lipid content (expressed in arbitrary units of pixels) in blastocysts from the Control group (1.00±0.03) was similar (P>0.05) to that found in Forsk 2.5 (0.92±0.03) and Forsk 10.0 groups (1.06±0.03) groups; however the lipid accumulation in blastocysts from Forsk 5.0 group (0.82±0.04) was lower than in the Control group (P<0.05). Based on these results, Forsk 5.0 treatment was tested for cryotolerance and it was observed that the blastocoel re-expansion rate evaluated 24 hours after warming was greater (P<0.05) in Forsk 5.0 group (72.2%) compared to the Control group (46.2%). In conclusion, pre-treatment with forskolin at a concentration of 5.0 μM for 24 hours before vitrification is effective in reducing the intracytoplasmic lipid content and, consequently, improves cryotolerance of IVP bovine embryos.

scholarly journals New Insights on Euphorbia dendroides L. (Euphorbiaceae): Polyphenol Profile and Biological Properties of Hydroalcoholic Extracts from Aerial Parts

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1621
Author(s):  
Antonella Smeriglio ◽  
Marcella Denaro ◽  
Domenico Trombetta ◽  
Salvatore Ragusa ◽  
Clara Circosta
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Polyphenol Profile

Euphorbia dendroides L. is a rounded shrub commonly found in the Mediterranean area well-known, since ancient times, for its traditional use. The aim of the present study was to investigate the phytochemical profile as well as the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of flower (FE), leaf (LE), fruit (FrE), and branch (BE) hydroalcoholic extracts. For this purpose, a preliminary phytochemical screening followed by RP-LC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis, as well as several in vitro cell-free colorimetric assays, were carried out. Moreover, the toxicity of the extracts was investigated by the brine shrimp lethality assay. All extracts showed a high content of polyphenols, in particular phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid 0.74–13.80 g/100 g) and flavonoids (rutin 0.05–2.76 g/100 g and isovitexin 8.02 in BE). All the extracts showed strong and concentration-dependent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity with, on average, the following order of potency: FE, LE, FrE, and BE. Interestingly, all the extracts investigated did not show any toxicity on Artemia salina. Moreover, the only LD50 found (BE, 8.82 mg/mL) is well above the concentration range, which has been shown the biological properties. Considering this, this study offers the first evidence of the possible use of the polyphenol extracts from the aerial parts of E. dendroides as promising antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.

scholarly journals Short-term storage of the oocytes affects the ploidy status in the yellowtail tetra Astyanax altiparanae

Zygote ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Pereira dos Santos ◽  
Nivaldo Ferreira do Nascimento ◽  
George Shigueki Yasui ◽  
Nycolas Levy Pereira ◽  
Takafumi Fujimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Embryo Viability ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Ploidy Status ◽  
Hatching Rates

SummaryIn fish, many factors can affect reproduction during in vitro fertilization, therefore determination of the factors that affect affecting gamete quality is needed. However, few studies have focused on gamete quality and the ploidy status. This study was conducted to elucidate whether oocyte storage can affect ploidy status, survival, and embryo viability in the characid species Astyanax altiparanae. Oocytes were stored in Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at 26°C, then aliquots were fertilized immediately after extrusion (control) and also after 60, 120, 180, and 240 min of storage. Fertilization and hatching rates were measured, and the developmental stages were analyzed at each stage before describing the main abnormalities. Ploidy status was analyzed by flow cytometry and blood smear. In the control group, 100% of the samples were diploid. After treatment for 60 min, 95.56 ± 4.44% samples were diploid and 4.44 ± 4.44% were triploid. After 120 min, 94.44 ± 9.62% of the samples was diploid and 5.56 ± 5.56% were triploid; 100% of the samples were diploid after 180 min and, after 240 min, there was no survival. In other treatments, the highest percentage of hatching was after 60 min (88.93 ± 5.15%; P = 0.015), and treatment with 180 min storage resulted in the highest percentage of abnormal larvae (95.76 ± 12.67%; P = 0.012). These results show that oocyte storage can affect ploidy status and may be an interesting parameter for analysis in studies on chromosome set manipulation and micromanipulation.

scholarly journals Essential oil of Mitracarpus frigidus as a potent source of bioactive compounds

2012 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 1073-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo L. Fabri ◽  
Elaine S. Coimbra ◽  
Ana C. Almeida ◽  
Ezequias P. Siqueira ◽  
Tânia M.A. Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Staphyloccocus Aureus ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Expressive Activity

In our previous work (Fabri et al. 2009), we showed that different extracts of Mitracarpus frigidus had significant antibacterial, antifungal and leishmanicidal activities. In order to increase our knowledge about this species, this work assesses the chemical composition and the in vitro biological activity of its essential oil. Thus, the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of M. frigidus was analyzed by GC/MS. Among several compounds detected, 11 were identified, being linalool and eugenol acetate the major components. The essential oil exhibited a moderate antibacterial effect against Staphyloccocus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter cloacae (MIC 250 µg/mL). On the other hand, it showed a strong antifungal effect against Cryptoccocus neoformans (MIC 8 µg/mL) and Candida albicans (MIC 63 µg/mL). Expressive activity against L. major and L. amazonensis promastigote forms with IC50 values of 47.2 and 89.7 µg/mL, respectively, were also observed. In addition, the antioxidant activity was investigated through DPPH radical-scavenging and showed a significative activity with IC50 of 38 µg/mL. The cytotoxicity against Artemia salina was moderate with LC50 of 88 µg/mL. The results presented here are the first report on the chemical composition and biological properties of M. frigidus essential oil.

Effect of GnRH antagonist-induced prolonged follicular phase on follicular atresia and oocyte developmental competence in vitro in superovulated heifers

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Oussaid ◽  
P Lonergan ◽  
H Khatir ◽  
A Guler ◽  
D Monniaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gnrh Antagonist ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cleavage Rate ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Preovulatory Follicles

A GnRH antagonist (Antarelix) was used to suppress endogenous pulsatile secretion of LH and delay the preovulatory LH surge in superovulated heifers to study the effect of a prolonged follicular phase on both follicle and oocyte quality. Oestrous cycles were synchronized in 12 heifers with progestagen (norgestomet) implants for 10 days. On day 4 (day 0 = day of oestrus), heifers were stimulated with 24 mg pFSH for 4 days and luteolysis was induced at day 6 with PGF2 alpha (2 ml Estrumate). Animals in the control group (n = 4) were killed 24 h after the last FSH injection. At this time, heifers in group A36h (n = 4) and group A60h (n = 4) were treated with 1.6 mg of Antarelix every 12 h for 36 and 60 h, respectively, and then killed. After dissection of ovarian follicles, oocytes were collected for individual in vitro maturation, fertilization and culture; follicular fluid was collected for determination of steroid concentrations, and granulosa cells were smeared, fixed and stained for evaluation of pycnosis rates. Granulosa cell smears showed that 90% of follicles were healthy in the control group. In contrast, 36 and 58% of the follicles in group A36h showed signs of early or advanced atresia, respectively, while 90% of the follicles in group A60h showed signs of late atresia. Intrafollicular concentrations of oestradiol decreased (P < 0.0001) from healthy follicles (799.14 +/- 40.65 ng ml-1) to late atretic follicles (3.96 +/- 0.59 ng ml-1). Progesterone concentrations were higher (P < 0.0001) in healthy follicles compared with atretic follicles, irrespective of degree of atresia. Oestradiol:progesterone ratios decreased (P < 0.0001) from healthy (4.58 +/- 0.25) to late atretic follicles (0.07 +/- 0.009). The intrafollicular concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone were significantly higher (P < 0.0001) in the control than in the treated groups. The oestradiol:progesterone ratio was higher (P < 0.0001) in the control (4.55 +/- 0.25) than in the A36h (0.40 +/- 0.05) and A60h (0.07 +/- 0.009) groups. Unexpectedly, the cleavage rate of fertilized oocytes, blastocyst rate and number of cells per blastocyst were not significantly different among control (85%, 41% and 95 +/- 8), A36h (86%, 56% and 93 +/- 5) and A60h (88%, 58% and 79 +/- 4) groups. In addition, there were no significant differences in the blastocyst rates from oocytes derived from healthy (45%), early atretic (54%), advanced atretic (57%) and late atretic follicles (53%). In conclusion, the maintenance of the preovulatory follicles in superovulated heifers with a GnRH antagonist induced more atresia and a decrease in oestradiol and progesterone concentrations. However, the developmental potential in vitro to day 8 of the oocytes recovered from these atretic follicles was not affected.

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