scholarly journals The throat of Brazilian Agricole production: The breakdown of vertical silos

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e14510817253
Author(s):  
Karoline Carvalho Dornelas ◽  
Gypson Dutra Junqueira Ayres ◽  
Hygor Cesar Soares Rodrigues ◽  
Rafael Torres do Nascimento ◽  
José Pinheiro Lopes Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Angle ◽  
Stored Products ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Structural Failures ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Alternative Solutions ◽  
Storage Units ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge ◽  
The Ideal

In the current world economical conjecture, the accentuated growth in Brazilian production and exportation in the Agro-Food industry sets the country as a central role in the field. Implementing storage units in Agricole properties and industrial sites constitutes a necessary premise to keep the country as a competitive member in the global scenery. The vertical silos present themselves as alternative solutions. However, a great sum of the existent silos does not match the ideal conditions of operation due to the insufficient knowledge of the pressure variations that happen in time and inner space, of the flow, and the variables that affect the behavior of the stored products. Such situations have contributed to accidents and breakdowns in silos. With this increasing demand for the storage capacity in silos, the full understanding of the structural functioning, failure prevention, and optimization of the structural components became of great importance. Thus, this work aimed to present some events that happened in the country in the last years and bring the main causes of structural failures, highlighting the failures that are directly related to the type of flow in the interior of the silo; wacky charging and/or discharging; change in the properties of the stored products (specified weight, actual inner friction angle, friction angle against the wall) and instability in the support columns. It follows that a great number of accidents in these structures could have been avoided or reduced with previous knowledge, from the silo designer and those responsible for the operation, about the most important occurrences in silos.

Making sense of sensemaking: using the sensemaking epistemic game to investigate student discourse during a collaborative gas law activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin H. Hunter ◽  
Jon-Marc G. Rodriguez ◽  
Nicole M. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Conceptual Understanding ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Interactive Simulation ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Student Discourse ◽  
Coding Scheme ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Ideal Gas Law ◽  
The Ideal

Beyond students’ ability to manipulate variables and solve problems, chemistry instructors are also interested in students developing a deeper conceptual understanding of chemistry, that is, engaging in the process of sensemaking. The concept of sensemaking transcends problem-solving and focuses on students recognizing a gap in knowledge and working to construct an explanation that resolves this gap, leading them to “make sense” of a concept. Here, we focus on adapting and applying sensemaking as a framework to analyze three groups of students working through a collaborative gas law activity. The activity was designed around the learning cycle to aid students in constructing the ideal gas law using an interactive simulation. For this analysis, we characterized student discourse using the structural components of the sensemaking epistemic game using a deductive coding scheme. Next, we further analyzed students’ epistemic form by assessing features of the activity and student discourse related to sensemaking: whether the question was framed in a real-world context, the extent of student engagement in robust explanation building, and analysis of written scientific explanations. Our work provides further insight regarding the application and use of the sensemaking framework for analyzing students’ problem solving by providing a framework for inferring the depth with which students engage in the process of sensemaking.

Effect of Crack Closure on Magnitude of Modulated Wave

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 2041018
Author(s):  
Sang Eon Lee ◽  
Jung-Wuk Hong
Keyword(s):  
Crack Detection ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Nonlinear Ultrasonic ◽  
Crack Tips ◽  
Buckling Failure ◽  
Modulated Waves ◽  
Structural Failures ◽  
External Forces ◽  
Cracked Specimens

Fatigue cracks generated by repeated loads cause structural failures. Such cracks grow continuously and at an increasing speed owing to the concentration of stresses near the crack tips. Therefore, the early detection of fatigue cracks is imperative in the field of structural-health monitoring for the safety of structures exposed to dynamic loading. In particular, the detection of those cracks subjected to compression is known as a challenging problem in the nondestructive inspection area. The nonlinear ultrasonic modulation technique is effective for the detection of microcracks smaller than the size of a wavelength because this technique uses the deformation of waves passing through the crack surfaces. However, the technique has not been thoroughly verified for detecting cracks subjected to external forces. In this study, nonlinear ultrasonic modulation tests are performed on two types of crack specimens under compressive forces. The results show that in fatigue-cracked specimens, the cracks can be detected using modulated waves even under strong compressions. With artificial cracks, buckling occurs at a relatively low compression, and the amounts of modulated waves rapidly increase due to the bending of the specimen before buckling failure takes place. In this study, the crack detection methodology under compression is proposed and experimentally verified. The proposed method might be beneficial to find cracks under compression in various structural components.

Automotive Network Architecture for ECUs Communications

2010 ◽  
pp. 69-90
Author(s):  
Fabienne Nouvel ◽  
Wilfried Gouret ◽  
Patrice Mazério ◽  
Ghais El Zein
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Units ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Network Technologies ◽  
Automotive Networks ◽  
Alternative Solutions

This chapter deals with automotive networks and the emerging requirements involved by the X-by-wire and X-tainment applications. The introduction of ECUs (Electronic Control Units) has been driven by new market (like navigation, multimedia, and safety). Furthermore, the automotive industry has to face a great challenge in its transition from mechanical engineering towards mechatronical products. Combining the concepts of networks and mechatronic modules makes it possible to reduce both the cabling and the number of connectors. To connect the ECUs, a variety of network technologies are already widespread. A review of the most widely-used automotive networks and emerging ones is given first. To fulfill the increasing demand of intra-car communications, a new technique based on power line communication (PLC) is proposed and reviewed in the second section. On the other hand, there are several infotainment applications (like mobile phones, laptop computers) pushing for the adoption of intra-car wireless communications. Some of the most common wireless technologies that have potential to be used in the automotive domain are considered and different experimentations are presented. Finally, the challenges of these wired or wireless alternative solutions to automotive networks are highlighted.

Study of Low-Load Industrial Robot

2013 ◽  
Vol 774-776 ◽  
pp. 1409-1413
Author(s):  
Bei Yu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Virtual Prototyping ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Precision Machining ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Increasing Demand

In recent years, China's increasing demand for precision machining and auxiliary processing, technological innovation is increasingly urgent. After a summary and integration advantages of virtual prototyping and computer-aided software, developed a General Purpose low-load industrial robots. In this paper, the D-H method in MATLAB to establish a three-dimensional diagram of the industrial robot. Using ANSYS to do a check of the stiffness of the important components of the industrial robot mechanical systems. Finally, after the structure static analysis and verification, to improve the design of the structural components of the robot. Obtained according to the repeatedly comparison of the overall shape of variable verification data, which prove that the design is correct.

scholarly journals PERUBAHAN BAHASA (Interaksi antarkomponen Tatabahasa Bahasa Arab)

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahmi Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Language Change ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ideal Structure ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Ideal

This study aims to analyze the change in Arabic languagethe interaction of its structural components. It is the language change, which causes the change of other structural components. The data is taken from the religious article of al-Ahram magazine. By using Poedjosoedarmo’s point of view, it can be found that the language change (Arabic syntax) occurs because of the movement of the subject of the sentence (Fi’iliyah). In addition, the system of topicalisation will come up, which, in turn, this makes another topic (mubtada) and comment (khabar) on the noun clause (Ismiyyah). The system of topic and comment then make the system of adjustment of number (mutsanna and jamak). and cases (I’rab). All that occurs is the interaction between language component to create the ideal structure, which is clear, compact, and understandable.  

Montaigne on Justice and Law

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie M. Dionne
Keyword(s):  
Human Dignity ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
Image Of God ◽  
Divine Justice ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law And Justice ◽  
The Image Of God ◽  
Alternative Solutions ◽  
The Ideal

This article examines the distinction that Montaigne makes between law and justice, between the words of the law and the ideal of justice. In refuting the concepts of divine justice and natural law, he demystifies justice and hopes to humanize law. He does not criticize the force of the law, but he condemns violence in the name of justice, and illustrates that justice as an ideal is problematic because impartial judgment is all but impossible to attain. Courts must not imagine that they operate in the image of God as purveyor of an absolute justice. Rather the authority of the law derives from usage alone. Judges must therefore uphold human dignity by recognizing the impossibility of judicial certainty and moderate the severity of their sentences accordingly. Montaigne lays the groundwork for modern views of alternative solutions to punishment, and for understanding the fallibility of the ideal of justice.

Commentary: Seventeenth-Century Venetian Opera as Fondamente nuove

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Rosand
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Publishing Industry ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Image ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Ideal

Seventeenth-century Venice was the ideal center for the development of opera because of certain special conditions: regular demand from a broad and depend able audience of citizens and travelers alike, dependable financial backing from the many competing patrician families who constructed and operated theaters, a flourishing publishing industry that provided publicity, and a tradition in which the arts were designed specifically to enhance the self-image of the republic. These conditions combined to sustain a genre that appealed to its audience on multiple levels. The increasing demand for new works precipitated the development of new modes of production and communication, and the various musical and dramatic conventions that originated during this era have persisted to the present day.

scholarly journals Planning the Ideal Refugee Camp? A Critical Interrogation of Recent Planning Innovations in Jordan and Germany

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayham Dalal ◽  
Amer Darweesh ◽  
Philipp Misselwitz ◽  
Anna Steigemann
Keyword(s):  
Professional Community ◽  
Refugee Camp ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Visual Appearance ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Critical Refugee Studies ◽  
Alternative Solutions ◽  
Planning Approaches ◽  
The Ideal

With the increase of refugee movements since 2014 in Europe and the Near East, the debate of how to plan appropriate shelters and emergency accommodation has gained a new momentum. Established techno-managerial approaches have been criticised as inappropriate and the professional community of planners and architects was increasingly drawn into debates for alternative solutions. This article traces the “innovations” that promise better, more effective, and more humane emergency shelters using the examples of the “Tempohomes” in Berlin as well as the Jordanian refugee camps of Zaatari and Azraq. In both cases, planners were employed to address the ambivalent reality of protracted refugee camps and include “lessons” from failures of earlier solutions. While the article acknowledges the genuine attempt of planners to engage with the more complex needs and expectations of refugees, a careful look at the results of the planning for better camps reveals ambivalent outcomes. As camps acquire a new visual appearance, closer to housing, which mixes shelter design with social spaces and services as essential parts of the camp; these “innovations” bear the danger of paternalistic planning and aestheticisation, camouflaging control under what seems to be well-intended and sensitive planning. The article focuses on refugees’ agency expressed in critical camp studies to interrogate the planning results. While recent critical refugee studies have demanded recognition of refugees as urban actors which should be included in the co-production of the spatial reality of refugee accommodations, new planning approaches tend to result in a shrinking of spaces of self-determination and self-provisioning of refugees.

scholarly journals Recommended parameters for hepatocyte isolation-a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 537
Author(s):  
Sushrutha C. S. ◽  
Sandhya K. ◽  
Savitha Karalwad ◽  
Elango E. M.
Keyword(s):  
Human Hepatocytes ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Metabolic Capability ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Hepatocyte Isolation ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Critical Limits ◽  
Liver Cell Transplantation ◽  
The Ideal

<p>There is an increasing demand for primary human hepatocytes for toxico-pharmacological studies and for exploring their role in liver cell transplantation. During the whole process of isolation, culture and cryopreservation hepatocytes are subjected to various stress. All these factors will lead to the impairment in the metabolic capability of the hepatocytes post isolation. Hepatocyte isolation is an expensive and resource driven procedure. Thus, it is important to consider all the factors before we subject the specimen for isolation of cells. By considering the factors that influence hepatocyte isolation, hepatocytes of good quality can be obtained. With recommendations on the ideal parameters for isolation being made the researcher shall have a knowledge on what critical factors need to be taken care of during hepatocyte isolation. There will be an opportunity to modify critical factors if possible, during the procurement of specimen by working in tandem with the clinicians. The specimen which shall be deemed un fit when two or more factors have exceeded the critical limits can be rejected.</p>

Localization of Intracellular Antigens in thin Sections with Ferritin Labeled Antibody

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 174-175
Author(s):  
M.S. Shahrabadi ◽  
T. Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Antigenic Determinants ◽  
Conjugate Prior ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Specific Attachment ◽  
Intracellular Antigen ◽  
Antigen Antibody ◽  
Ideal Method ◽  
The Ideal

The technique of labeling of macromolecules with ferritin conjugated antibody has been successfully used for extracellular antigen by means of staining the specimen with conjugate prior to fixation and embedding. However, the ideal method to determine the location of intracellular antigen would be to do the antigen-antibody reaction in thin sections. This technique contains inherent problems such as the destruction of antigenic determinants during fixation or embedding and the non-specific attachment of conjugate to the embedding media. Certain embedding media such as polyampholytes (2) or cross-linked bovine serum albumin (3) have been introduced to overcome some of these problems.

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