Effects of extracts of two Ulva spp. seaweeds on tomato germination and seedling growth

Brown seaweed extracts are commercially used as agricultural biostimulants, and the green macroalgae Ulva spp. has shown promise for that purpose. We evaluated the ideal dosage of U. lactuca ulvan and flour on seed germination invigoration and the effects of U. flexuosa and U. lactuca extracts on tomato seedling growth (Solanun lycopersicum). The germination recovery of aged seeds after the application of U. lactuca was evaluated by seed germination rates and seedling emergence. Greenhouse cultivated seedlings were irrigated with 0.2 and 0.4 g×L-1 of the flour, or an ulvan solution of Ulva spp. Seedling growth parameters (height, stem diameter, height/stem diameter ratio, biomass, and number of leaves) were compared with the control (seedlings irrigated with distilled water). All dosages of U. lactuca ulvan and flour were found to increase the germination rates of aged seeds as compared to controls. No significant difference in seedling emergence rates were seen. After treatment with Ulva spp. extracts no significant differences in seedling growth were detected. We concluded that low doses of the U. lactuca extract will increase the germination rates of S. lycopersicum seeds and, while different dosages of the extracts of two Ulva’s species did not stimulate tomato seedling growth, they were also not lethal.

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Effect of Different Sowing Media on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of (Golden Shower Tree) Senna fistula L

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management ◽

10.4314/jasem.v25i8.40 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (8) ◽

pp. 1547-1550

Author(s):

O.A. Majekodunmi ◽

I.O. Abiola ◽

A.M. Aderemi ◽

J.O. Adedipe ◽

O.G. Ogunwale ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

River Sand ◽

Coconut Husk ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Top Soil ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Emergence Percentage ◽

Level Of Significance

This study investigated the effect of sowing media on the seed germination and subsequent seedling growth of Senna fistula L. Treatments were T1 (Top soil), T2 (River sand), T3 (Grinded coconut husk) and T4 (weathered sawdust), replicated two times for seed germination. The treatments were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and the data generated was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% level of significance, while mean separation where appropriate was done using Least Significant Difference (LSD). The different sowing media used had positive effect on the seed emergence, the seeds planted in river sand had the highest emergence percentage of 70%. The different sowing media used did not have any significant effect on the vegetative growth parameters, statistically, they had same effect on the parameters measured. Nonetheless, seedlings from river sand produced highest number of leave (20.4), seedlings from topsoil produced highest plant height and largest leaf area of l0.62 cm and 37.l4 cm2 respectively. The seedlings from weathered sawdust produced the highest stem diameter of 0.79 mm, while seedlings from grinded coconut husk had lowest values for all the growth parameters measured. Therefore, it is recommended that river sand or weathered sawdust can be used to propagate Senna fistula seeds.

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Priming improves germination and seed reserve utilization, growth, antioxidant responses and membrane stability at early seedling stage of Saudi sorghum varieties under drought stress

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha48211841 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 938-953

Author(s):

Taieb TOUNEKTI ◽

Mosbah MAHDHI ◽

Zarraq AL-FAIFI ◽

Habib KHEMIRA

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Stability Index ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Water Stress Condition ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Early Seedling

Seeds of three sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.) varieties from Southwest Saudi Arabia were used to investigate the potential of osmopriming with polyethylene glycol (PEG 8000) to improve germination performance, seed reserve utilization and early seedling growth and drought stress tolerance. The primed (PS) and unprimed (UPS) seeds of the three sorghum varieties were germinated for 8 days under increasing PEG-induced osmotic stress. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design, in a factorial arrangement, with three sorghum cultivars (‘Zaydia’, ‘Shahbi’ and ‘Ahmar’) and four osmotic potentials (0.0; -0.4; -0.8 and -1.2 MPa) with four replicates of 50 seeds each. The results showed that drought stress affected seed germination and seedling emergence and establishment, but increased the activity of the antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT). The strongest inhibition of germination and growth occurred at the highest PEG concentration and a significant difference was noticeable between the studied varieties. We confirmed also that seed osmopriming improved seed germination performance, seedling growth and enhanced the CAT activities while reduced malonyldialdehyde (MDA) accumulation and electrolyte leakage (EL) in the drought-stressed seedlings. Seed priming have enhanced also the α-amylase and total proteases activities in all varieties. The largest increase of these hydrolysing enzymes was shown in ‘Ahmar’. Furthermore, the PEG priming lead to improvement of the weight of utilized (mobilized) seed reserve (WUSR), seed reserve depletion percentage (SRDP) and total seedling dry weight (SLDW) of sorghum seedlings under water stress conditions. Still, the highest values or all three parameters were found in the ‘Ahmar’ variety. Under increasing drought stress conditions, ‘Ahmar’ showed the highest yield stability index (YSI) and the least EL and MDA contents in comparison to the other two varieties during the seedling establishment stage. Therefore, the former variety can tolerate better a rigorous water stress condition. ‘Zaydia’ appears to be the most vulnerable to drought stress. Thus, the use of species or varieties with eminent seed metabolic quality is an advantageous trait in drought-prone regions.

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Production of desert rose seedlings in different potting media

Ornamental Horticulture ◽

10.14295/oh.v23i3.1039 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 250 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ronan Carlos Colombo ◽

Vanessa Favetta ◽

Deived Uilian de Carvalho ◽

Maria Aparecida da Cruz ◽

Sergio Ruffo Roberto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Pine Bark ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Coconut Fiber ◽

Potting Media ◽

Emergence Percentage

Over the past decade the desert rose received fame in the flower market due to its striking and sculptural forms; however, the commercial production of these species is quite recent and little is known about its crop management, including substrates recommendation. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of different substrates on desert rose seed germination and production of its seedlings. Experiment I: freshly harvested seeds of desert rose were sown in different substrates e.g. sand, coconut fiber, semi-composted pine bark, sand + coconut fiber, semi-composted pine bark + sand and coconut fiber + semicomposted pine bark. These substrates were evaluated to study the emergence percentage of seeds, initial growth of seedlings and seedling emergence speed index (ESI). Experiment II: desert rose from the experiment I were transferred to plastic pots filled with the same substrates as in experiment I. The pH and electrical conductivity (EC) of the substrates were noted every 30 days while the growth parameters of seedlings were recorded after 240 days. Results from experiment I showed higher germination rate and seedling growth in substrates containing semi-composted pine bark. Similarly, in experiment II, better quality seedlings were observed in substrates containing semi-composted pine bark. Thus, for desert rose seed germination and seedling growth, it is recommended to use substrates containing semi-composted pine bark.

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Effect of Different Sowing Media on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of (Golden Shower Tree) Senna fistula L

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management ◽

10.4314/jasem.v25i8.32 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (8) ◽

pp. 1493-1496

Author(s):

O.A. Majekodunmi ◽

I.O. Abiola ◽

A.M. Aderemi ◽

J.O. Adedipe ◽

O.G. Ogunwale ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

River Sand ◽

Coconut Husk ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Top Soil ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Emergence Percentage ◽

Level Of Significance

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Assessment on the Effects of Potting Media on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management ◽

10.4314/jasem.v25i6.11 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (6) ◽

pp. 969-975

Author(s):

M.K. Peter ◽

SIN Agera ◽

J.I. Amonum

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Early Seedling Growth ◽

Top Soil ◽

Early Seedling ◽

Potting Media ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Poultry Droppings

This study investigated the effects of potting media on seed germination and early seedling growth of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir at the Forestry Nursery in Jos, Nigeria. Using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replicates, laboratory-tested soil samples, top soil, sharp sand, sharp sand + top soil, sharp sand + top soil + cow dung and sharp sand + top soil + poultry droppings were used in various combinations to assess the growth parameters of P. erinaceus (germination percentage, emergence, plant height, number of leaves, length of leaves and stem diameter) for 12 weeks. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze collected data. Result indicated that sharp sand + top soil + poultry droppings had the highest nitrogen concentration (2.19%), sharp sand + top soil + cow dung (2.07%), sharp sand + top soil (1.50%), top soil (0.72%) and Sharp sand (0.38%). Potting media with poultry droppings recorded an overall higher percentage germination of 42.9% by the end of the germination period. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of collected data on combined soil aggregate on growth parameters indicated a significant (p<0.05) difference in plant height, number of leaves, leaf length and stem diameter. Potting with poultry dropping gave the best potting media growth results when compared to other treatments that enhanced seed germination and seedling growth of P. erinaceus. This superior observation of the poultry droppings incorporated potting mixtures over the cow dung provides an outstanding potentials to enhance P. erinaceus plantation establishment. Consequently, recommended for raising seedlings in the nursery as well as ensuring sustainable management.

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Exogenous Antioxidants Enhance Seedling Growth and Yield of Artificially Aged Cabbage and Lettuce Seeds

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae7090274 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 274

Author(s):

Ademola Adetunji ◽

Sershen ◽

Boby Varghese ◽

Norman Pammenter

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Seed Vigour ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Antioxidant Defence System ◽

Aged Seeds

Aged seeds exhibit compromised vigour in terms of germination, seedling emergence and growth, but this can to some extent be alleviated by invigoration treatments before sowing. This study aimed to investigate ageing rates and patterns in cabbage (Brassica oleraceae) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) seeds and whether the beneficial effects of invigorating aged seeds with exogenous antioxidants translate to enhanced seedling performance. Seeds were artificially aged to 25% viability before soaking in 0.4 mM glycerol, 0.6 mM GSH and 0.2 mM trolox for cabbage, and 0.6 mM glycerol, GSH and trolox for lettuce; deionised water served as a control. After 14 days of sowing, seedling emergence percentage, mean emergence time, mean daily emergence, and time taken to 25% emergence were computed. Seedling vigour index, root and shoot dry weight, root:shoot ratio, leaf area, leaf area ratio, and leaf chlorophyll content were assessed 6 weeks after sowing. Furthermore, the photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (E), and chlorophyll fluorescence were measured 6 weeks after sowing. Notably, ageing resulted in the loss of seed vigour and viability at higher rates in lettuce than cabbage. Seed pretreatment with glycerol promoted seedling growth in both species and shoot dry weight in lettuce, while glycerol and GSH enhanced Pn, Gs and E in lettuce. Trolox also enhanced Pn and E in lettuce. The beneficial effects of the antioxidant treatments are thought to be associated with the protection of photosystems from oxidative stress and/or stimulation of enzymes involved in photosynthesis, possibly through an enhanced antioxidant defence system during the early development stages when seedlings are particularly vulnerable to stress.

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Effects of Sand Burial Depth on Xanthium Spinosum Seed Germination and Seedling Growth

10.21203/rs.3.rs-871392/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

yuanyuan Tao ◽

Tian-cui Sang ◽

Jun-jie Yan ◽

Yun-xia Hu ◽

Yu Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Burial Depth ◽

Seedling Height ◽

Emergence Time ◽

Deep Soil ◽

Sand Burial ◽

Emergence Rate

Abstract different sand burial depths on seed germination, seedling emergence, growth and biomass allocation were studied to provide a scientific basis for further control of X. spinosum. Six sand burial depths (1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 9 cm) were established to explore the response of X. spinosum seed germination and seedling growth to sand burial. The first emergence time, peak emergence time, emergence rate, seedling growth height, biomass and biomass distribution of X. spinosum seeds had significant effects at different sand burial depths (P < 0.05). The X. spinosum seeds had the highest emergence rate (71.5%) at 1 cm sand burial and the maximum seedling height (7.1 cm). As sand burial depth increased, the emergence rate and seedling height gradually decreased, and the emergence rate (12.25%) and seedling height (2.9 cm) were lowest at 9 cm sand burial. The root length at 9 cm depth (13.6 cm) was significantly higher than that at other sand depths (P < 0.05). The sand burial depth affected the biomass accumulation and distribution of X. spinosum. As sand burial depth increased, the root biomass and rhizome ratio increased, and the most deeply buried seedlings allocated more biomass for root growth. The optimal sand burial depth for seed germination and seedling growth of X. spinosum was 1–3 cm, and high burial depth (5–9 cm) was not conducive to the germination and growth of X. spinosum seedlings. For prevention and control of X. spinosum, we suggest deeply ploughing crops before sowing to ensure X. spinosum seeds are ploughed into a deep soil layer.

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Emergence rate of seedlings from hard okra seed coats and seedling growth of some genotypes of West African okra (Abelmoschus caillei)

Agricultural Science and Technology ◽

10.15547/ast.2019.02.019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 118-122

Author(s):

P.M. Jonah ◽

G. K. Farauta ◽

Y. M. Kwaga ◽

H. E. Shehu ◽

N. M. Fakuta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

West African ◽

Permeability Barrier ◽

State University ◽

Cropping Season ◽

Emergence Rate ◽

Emergence Percentage ◽

Seed Coats

Abstract. In 2017 and 2018 cropping season, field experiment was conducted at the Food and Agricultural Organization and Tree Crop Plantation, Department of Crop Science, Adamawa State University, Mubi using fifteen genotypes of West African okra. The study was undertaken to study the emergence rate of seedlings from hard okra seed coats, seedling growth and their development. The seeds of the genotypes were soaked in NaCl solution for 24 hours to accelerate the breaking of seed dormancy and to ease seed germination. Tough seed coat usually impairs seed germination by establishing a permeability barrier which can interrupt water uptake required for imbibition, radicle and seedling emergence. The combined analysis results revealed a highly significant (P≤0.01) difference among these genotypes with respect to days to first and 50% flowering including days to first harvest. Furthermore, accession 3 (NG/SA/DEC/07/0448) and accession 11 (Yar kwadon) flowered earlier, had shortest days to first harvest, recorded the highest number of seedlings and emergence percentage than the other genotypes studied.

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Germination Ecology of Milkweedvine (Morrenia odorata)

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500059981 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 32 (6) ◽

pp. 781-785 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Megh Singh ◽

Nagi Reddy Achhireddy

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Osmotic Stress ◽

Root Growth ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Planting Depth ◽

Germination Ecology ◽

Optimum Ph

The germination of milkweedvine (Morrenia odorataLindl. ♯3MONOD) seed at 20 or 25 C was unaffected by a 12-h photoperiod. The 12-h photoperiod, however, decreased germination by 50% at 15 C. No germination occurred at 35 C regardless of photoperiod. By alternating 35 C for 12 h with 20 C for 12 h, the germination percentage was 57%. Seedling growth was maximum at alternating temperatures of 30/20 C. Optimum pH for germination and seedling growth was 7 and germination did not occur at pH levels below 6. Seed germination declined steadily at osmotic stress below −0.12 MPa; no germination occurred at −0.5 MPa. Seedling growth was not influenced by osmotic stress down to −0.18 MPa. Germination percentages of seeds kept under aerated water and nonaerated water were similar, but the seedling growth was greater in aerated water. Seedling emergence was maximum from depths of 0.5 to 2.5 cm, but no seedling emerged from 0 or 10 cm. Planting depth was negatively correlated (r = −0.7) with shoot growth but positively correlated (r = +0.98) to root growth.

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Seed Source Variation in Morphology, Germination and Seedling Growth of Jatropha curcas Linn. in Central India

Silvae Genetica ◽

10.1515/sg-2005-0012 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 54 (1-6) ◽

pp. 76-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

H. S. Ginwal ◽

S. S. Phartyal ◽

P. S. Rawat ◽

R. L. Srivastava

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Central India ◽

Seed Morphology ◽

Seed Source ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Seed Sources ◽

Source Variation

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine source variation in Jatropha curcas seeds collected from ten locations in Central India. A significant seed source variation was observed in seed morphology (colour, size and weight), seed germination (viability, germination percent, germination energy, germination value) and seedling growth parameters (survival percentage, seedling height, collar diameter, leave/plant, and seedling biomass). The seed source of Chhindwara (M.P.) was found as the best source in comparison to others. The phenotypic and genotypic variance, their coefficient of variability and broad sense heritability also showed a sizeable variability. This offers a breeder ample scope to undertake screening and selection of seed sources for the desired traits. Further, high percentage of heritability coupled with moderate intensity of genetic gain, was observed for seed germination traits, which signifies that germination is under strong genetic control and good amount of heritable additive genetic component can be exploited for improvement of this species.

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