scholarly journals Antiparasitary potential and cytotoxic effect of Spondias tuberosa Arruda (Anacardiaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e889997967
Author(s):  
Maria Celeste Vega Gomez ◽  
Míriam Rolón ◽  
Cathia Coronel ◽  
Antonia Thassya Lucas dos Santos ◽  
José Weverton Almeida Bezerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Cytotoxic Action ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Spondias Tuberosa ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
Fibroblastic Cells

The objective of this work was to evaluate the antiparasitic potential and cytotoxic effect of  extracts by  the leaves and roots of S. tuberosa. The results show that the extracts of S. tuberosa have low antipromastigote activity against strains of L. braziliensis, since there was no action at concentrations ≤ 500 µg/mL. While for L. infantum there was a significant action of the hydroalcoholic extract of the roots against promastigote forms, since there was 29.33 ± 1.94% of mortality for the treatment of 1000 µg/mL. The same extract showed antiepimastigote action against T. cruzi at a concentration ≥ 1000 µg/mL. Despite the low antiparasitic activities, it is possible to observe that the extracts of S. tuberosa have no cytotoxic action, except the hydroalcoholic extract of the roots. In this extract there was a total of 27.85 ± 2.41% of cytotoxicity against fibroblastic cells, in the highest concentration evaluated (1000 µg/mL).

SELECTIVE CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF TAMOXIFEN ON EPITHELIAL AND FIBROBLASTIC CELLS TRANSFORMED BY DIFFERENT ONCOGENES

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
R SANCHEZPRIETO ◽  
JA VARGAS ◽  
A DURANTEZ ◽  
A ANAYA ◽  
SRY CAJAL
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Fibroblastic Cells

Mechanisms of cytotoxic action of a series of directionally synthesized heterocyclic hydroxamic acids

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-338
Author(s):  
M.E. Neganova ◽  
Yu.R. Aleksandrova ◽  
S.A. Pukhov ◽  
S.G. Klochkov ◽  
V.N. Osipov
Keyword(s):  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Hydroxamic Acids ◽  
Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cytotoxic Action ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Cyclic Hydroxamic Acids ◽  
Human Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Mcf 7

Cyclic hydroxamic acids based on quinazoline-4(3H)-one and dihydroquinazoline-4(1H)-one have been synthesized. The antioxidant and iron-chelating properties of these compounds, their effect on the activity of the histone deacetylase enzyme, and their cytotoxic effect on cells of various tumor lines have been investigated. We have identified two compounds-hits, which exhibit the multipharmacological type of the antineoplastic activity. Their cytotoxic effect on cells of human lung carcinoma A549 and breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 is obviously associated with their ability to modulate the level of reactive oxygen species and to chelate Fe(II) ions, as well as to inhibit the metalloenzymes, histone deacetylases, involved in the epigenetic regulation of tumor genesis. Thus, the synthesized hydroxamic acids may be considered as a promising basis for creating potential oncolytics.

Evaluation In Vitro of Toxicity of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Leaves and Roots from Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Martinez-Oliveira ◽  
Luísa Zuravski ◽  
Micaela Federizzi de Oliveira ◽  
Deise Jaqueline Ströher ◽  
Ritiéle Pinto Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Smallanthus Sonchifolius ◽  
Leaves And Roots

scholarly journals Cytotoxic effect of methanol extract of Conyza bonariensis on DMBA-induced skin carcinogenesis: An in vivo study

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saleem ◽  
Faiza Naseer ◽  
Khalid Hussain ◽  
Alamgeer
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Skin Carcinogenesis ◽  
Continuous Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cytotoxic Action ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Conyza Bonariensis

<p>In the present study, we examined the cytotoxic effect of <em>Conyza bonariensis</em> (methanolic extract). The skin carcinogenesis was induced in two stages, first, applying tumor initiator, 7-12-dimethyl benz(a)antheracene and thereafter applying croton oil, a tumor promotor in Swiss albino mice. The morphological alterations observed and measured during the induction of skin ulceration, included; cumulative number of papilloma, tumor yield and tumor burden. <em>C. bonariensis</em> extract (300 and 600 mg/kg/day) was applied locally on mice skin for 16 weeks. The higher dose (600 mg/kg/day) inhibited the tumor formation up to 40% and showed a significant decline in cumulative number of papilloma of continuous group. The results indicated that extract increased the reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase  and catalase, and decreased lipid peroxidation compared to carcinogen group. Histopathological changes showed papilomatosis and ulceration in carcinogen control group.  HPLC analysis indicated the presence of  flavonoid i.e. quercetin which may be responsible for the cytotoxic action of <em>C. bonariensis</em> methanol extract.  </p>

scholarly journals Biflavones from Platonia insignis Mart. Flowers Promote In Vitro Antileishmanial and Immunomodulatory Effects against Internalized Amastigote Forms of Leishmania amazonensis

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1166
Author(s):  
Érika Alves Bezerra ◽  
Michel Mualém de Moraes Alves ◽  
Simone Kelly Rodrigues Lima ◽  
Emanuelly Elanny Andrade Pinheiro ◽  
Layane Valéria Amorim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Parasite Growth ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Promising Treatment ◽  
Pharmacological Potential

Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease that affects millions of people worldwide, making the search essential for more accessible treatments. The species Platonia insignis Mart. (Clusiaceae) has been extensively studied and has gained prominence for its pharmacological potential. The objective of this work was to evaluate the antileishmania activity, cytotoxic effect and activation patterns of macrophages of hydroalcoholic extract (EHPi), ethyl acetate fractions (FAcOEt) and morelloflavone/volkensiflavone mixture (MB) from P. insignis flowers. EHPi, FAcOEt and MB demonstrated concentration-dependent antileishmania activity, with inhibition of parasite growth in all analyzed concentrations. EHPi exhibited maximum effect at 800 μg/mL, while FAcOEt and MB reduced the growth of the parasite by 94.62% at 800 μg/mL. EHPi, FAcOEt and MB showed low cytotoxic effects for macrophages at 81.78, 159.67 and 134.28 μg/mL, respectively. EHPi (11.25 µg/mL), FAcOEt (11.25 and 22.5 µg/mL) and MB (22.5 µg/mL) characterized the increase in lysosomal activity, suggesting a possible modulating effect. These findings open for the application of flowers from a P. insignis flowers and biflavones mixture thereof in the promising treatment of leishmaniasis.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic action reduction of crystalline silicon dioxide in a toxicological experiment associated with Lymphomyosot

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 605-609
Author(s):  
Marina P. Sutunkova ◽  
Elena P. Kashanskaya ◽  
Svetlana N. Solovyova ◽  
Ilzira A. Minigalieva ◽  
Olga I. Gogoleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
White Female ◽  
Cytotoxic Action ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Intratracheal Injection ◽  
Student’S T Test

Introduction. Among the most relevant issues in occupational health is the risk management of the contamination of working air by crystalline silicon dioxide (CSD) in enterprises dealing with its extraction and processing. Cytotoxicity of this silicon type that underlies its fibrogenic action is of particular concern. Thereby, it is an urgent goal to find drugs that increase the body’s resistance to cytotoxic effects of silicon dioxide. Materials and methods. For the study of changes in the cellular composition of the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and some of its biochemical characteristics, a respirable portion of Pervouralsk quartzite (PQ) containing 98% CSD was inserted intratracheally to outbred white female rats in the form of a suspension of 10 mg of PQ in 1 ml of distilled water in the dose of 1 ml. Student’s t-test was applied for statistical analysis of the obtained data. Results. PQ sample induces the alveolar phagocytosis response typical for cytotoxic dust expressed by an increase in the total BAL cell count, the number of both alveolar macrophages (AM) and neutrophilic leukocytes (NL), and particularly the NL/AM ratio (which is a reliable comparative index of cytotoxicity). The administration of «Lymphomyosot» considerably reduced this cytotoxic effect of PQ within one month before the intratracheal injection. It showed a decrease in NL/AM ratio and some biochemical indicators of cytolysis in BAL. Conclusion. There was demonstrated the applicability of «Lymphomyosot» as a precaution against the cytotoxic effect of CSD dust.

Effet cytotoxique in vitro et chez l'insecte hôte des destruxines, toxines cyclodepsipeptidiques produites par le champignon entomopathogène Metarhizium anisopliae

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1000-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vey ◽  
J. M. Quiot
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Cytotoxic Action ◽  
Champignon Entomopathogène ◽  
Molecular Aspects

The cytotoxic effect of the cyclodepsipeptide mycotoxins of the group of destruxins (DA, DB, DE) has been investigated in the insect host, Galleria mellonella, and in invertebrate cell cultures, mainly at the ultrastructural level. The strong effect of DE is characterized by changes in the morphology of the cells, and the development of structural alterations at the nuclear and cytoplasmic levels. The major lesions observed even at low doses consist in a pycnotic evolution of the nucleus and a degradation of mitochondria, while the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the ribosomes are also impaired. In the host, the main organs and tissues attacked by DE are the midgut, the malpighian tubules, and the circulating hemocytes. A comparative study of the effect of DE, DA, and DB has revealed a specificity in the cytotoxic action of these compounds. The following classification has been observed in the efficiency of the molecules: DE > DA > DB. These results allow a better understanding of the role of peptidic mycotoxins in the pathogenesis of fungal infections. They also reveal similarities with the action of other mycotoxins, and constitute a valuable foundation for studies on the molecular aspects of the mechanism of action of destruxins.Key words: mycotoxin, destruxin, mode of action, cytotoxic effect, in vitro toxicity.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Cota tinctoria (L.) J.Gay on AGS and Hep-G2 cancer cell lines

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-122
Author(s):  
Sharareh Shamloo ◽  
◽  
Sayeh Jafari Marandi ◽  
Golnaz Tajadod ◽  
Ahmad Majd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Hep G2 ◽  
Ags Cells ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Cell Mortality ◽  
Natural Gum

Cota tinctoria is a medicinal plant which has been used for management of cancer in folk medicine of various regions. The aim of present study is to investigate cytotoxic activity of different concentrations of hydroalcoholic extract of C. tinctoria flowers on gastric (AGS) and liver (Hep-G2) cancer cell lines as well as Human Natural GUM fibroblast (HUGU) cells. Cell mortality rates were examined after 24, 48 and 72 h incubations using the MTT assay. IC50 of extract on AGS cells after 24, 48 and 72h was 1.46, 1.29 and 1.14 µg/mL respectively. The extract demonstrated IC50 of 5.15, 3.92 and 2.89 µg/mL on Hep-G2 cells after 24, 48 and 72 h respectively. No cytotoxic effect was detected on HUGU (Human Natural GUM fibroblast) cells. C. tinctoria seems to have a promising potential to be considered as a source for anticancer drug discovery. However, more experimental and clinical studies are required.

scholarly journals The Mechanisms of GPR55 Receptor Functonal Selectivity

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail G Akimov ◽  
Natalia M Gretskaya ◽  
Polina V Dudina ◽  
Galina Sherstyanykh ◽  
Galina N Zinchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Cytotoxic Action ◽  
Cb2 Receptor ◽  
Trpv1 Receptors ◽  
Synthetic Ligand ◽  
Original Line ◽  
G Protein Coupled

The objective of the project is to establish the mechanisms of multidirectional signal transmission through the same G-protein coupled receptor GPR55. Using the CRISPR-Cas9 system, clones of the MDA-MB-231 line knockout for the GPR55 (3 clones) and CB2 (CNR2 - 6 clones) receptor genes were obtained. On clones of the MDA-MB-231 line with a knockout CB2 receptor, the cytotoxic activity of the pro-apoptotic ligand docosahexaenoyldopamine (DHA-DA) did not change or slightly increased, while the pro-proliferative activity of the most active synthetic ligand of the GPR55 receptor (ML-184) completely disappeared. On the original line MDA-MB-231, the stimulatory effect of ML-184 is removed by the CB2 receptor blocker, but not by GPR55. At the same time, the stimulating effect of ML-184 is practically not manifested on cell lines knockout at the GPR55 receptor. Thus, it can be confidently assumed that when proliferation is stimulated with the participation of the GPR55 receptor, a signal is transmitted from the CB2 receptor to the GPR55 receptor due to the formation of a heterodimer. GPR18 and TRPV1 receptors are additionally involved in the implementation of the cytotoxic effect of DHA-DA, while the CB1 receptor is not involved. In the implementation of the cytotoxic action of DHA-DA, the predominant participation of one of the Ga subunits was not found, but the Ga13 subunit plays a decisive role in the implementation of the proproliferative action. The Gaq subunit is also important, although to a lesser extent than Ga13.

scholarly journals Regulation of the capacity for O6-methylguanine removal from DNA in human lymphoblastoid cells studied by cell hybridization.

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 904-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Ayres ◽  
R Sklar ◽  
K Larson ◽  
V Lindgren ◽  
B Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Chromosomal Analysis ◽  
Cytotoxic Action ◽  
Hybrid Cells ◽  
Cell Hybridization ◽  
Cell Hybrids ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Intermediate Resistance ◽  
Lymphoma Line ◽  
Human Lymphoma

Hybrids were made between a ouabain-resistant, thioguanine-resistant human lymphoma line able to remove O6-methylguanine from its DNA (Mex+) and human lymphoblastoid lines deficient in this capability (Mex-). The formation of hybrids was confirmed by chromosomal analysis. Hybrid cells had an O6-methylguanine removal capacity per mole of guanine about one third to one half that of the Mex+ parents, i.e., about the same per cell. Cell hybrids removed the same amount of the alkylation adduct 3-methyladenine as did their parents per mole of guanine, i.e., about twice as much per cell. Although the cell hybrids had intermediate resistance to the cytotoxic action of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine used to induce O6-methylguanine and 3-methyladenine, there is evidence that the ability to remove O6-methylguanine and resistance to the cytotoxic effect of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine are dissociable characteristics.

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