Seasonal Incidence of Major Sternorrhynchan Insect Pests Infesting Arecanut In South India

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod Kumar Dubey ◽  
C.M. Kalleshwaraswamy ◽  
B.K. Shivanna
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Seasonal Incidence ◽  
Correlation Studies ◽  
Pseudococcus Longispinus ◽  
Sunshine Hours ◽  
Chrysomphalus Aonidum

Field experiments were conducted during 2019-20 to know the seasonal incidence of three species of sternorrhynchan insect pests infesting in arecanut viz., whitefly, Aleurocanthus arecae, armoured scale, Chrysomphalus aonidum and mealybug, Pseudococcus longispinus in two different locations under southern transitional zone. The study revealed that, all the three species infesting arecanut were active throughout the year. Correlation studies of whiteflies showed that, rainfall was significantly positively correlated and maximum temperature and sunshine hours were significantly negatively correlated. For armoured scales, non-significant positive correlation with minimum temperature and for the mealybug resulted that the maximum temperature was significantly positively correlated whereas the relative humidity was significantly negatively correlated.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF WEATHER FACTORS ON INCIDENCE OF SHOOT AND FRUIT BORER (Earias vittella Fabiricus) ON BHENDI

1970 ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
K. ARCHUNAN, M. PAZHANISAMY, S. SATHYA
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Earias Vittella ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Kharif Season ◽  
Sunshine Hours ◽  
Fruit Borer ◽  
Rain Fall ◽  
Fruit Damage ◽  
Shoot Damage

The field experiments were carried out in the farmer field at C. Mutlur near Chidambaram during rabi and kharif 2017. The results of experiments revealed that the per cent shoot damage and fruit damage by E. vittella on bhendi  reached peak on 13th and 15th MSW in rabi season, whereas 43rd and 42nd MSW in kharif season. The per cent shoot damage and fruit damage by E. vittella were exerted significantly positively correlated with minimum (0.552 & 0.698) and maximum temperature (0.629 & 0.748), whereas rainfall positively correlated with per cent shoot and fruit damage but it was non significant (0.111 & 0.297), however relative humidity (-0.178 & -0.210) and sunshine hours were exerted negatively correlated with per cent shoot damage and fruit damage by E. vittella during rabi 2017. The kharif season 2017 indicated that per cent shoot damage and fruit damage of bhendi was positively non significant association with RH and rain fall, while negatively non significant correlation with minimum temperature (-0.43 & -0.309) and sunshine hours (-0.265 & -0.283) was recorded.

scholarly journals Seasonal Fluctuations and Management of Sucking Insect Pests on Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Mawtham ◽  
C. Gailce Leo Justin ◽  
S. Sheeba Joyce Roseleen
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Field Efficacy

Background: Bitter gourd, an important tropical and sub-tropical vegetable which occupies a predominant position in Indian vegetables. The aphids and leafhoppers are more serious agricultural insect pests and aphids indirectly transmit plant virus diseases like, Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) in cucurbit crops. Our study aimed to noticed seasonal fluctuations and bio-inputs using management of sucking pests in bitter gourd.Methods: Field experiments were conducted during 2017-19 in a farmer’s field at Ellamanam village, Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu in insect pest population was monitored at weekly intervals from ten randomly selected plants in three plots. In field efficacy studies conducted Randomised Block Design with eight treatments and three replications. Result: Our results showed in the maximum aphid and leafhopper populations were recorded in September 2018 during 39th SMW (Standard Meteorological Week). In Rabi, the aphids and leaf hopper population were maximum in 9th and 10th SMW in February and March. The population of aphids and leafhopper were positively correlated with maximum temperature, minimum temperature, wind speed and wind direction. Rainfall and relative humidity were negatively associated to aphids and leafhopper infestation. In Kharif and Rabi, high reduction of aphid and leafhopper pest population were noticed in chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC and spinosad 45 SC compared to control. Among the bio-inputs agniastram recorded higher reduction of pest population followed by karpurakaraisal, NSKE, fish acid and ten leaf extract.

scholarly journals Seasonal Incidence and Effect of Abiotic Factors on Population Dynamics of Sucking Insect Pest Complex of Groundnut

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
K. Shamili Dhatri ◽  
M. S. V. Chalam ◽  
A. Rajesh ◽  
B. Ramana Murthy ◽  
N. C. Venkateswartlu
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Seasonal Incidence ◽  
Positive Correlation

Studies on seasonal incidence of sucking insect pests carried out with three dates of sowing viz., early (July 15th), normal (July 30th) and late (August 15th) revealed that the incidence of leafhoppers, aphids and thrips started from 5 to 14 DAS (days after sowing) and continued till harvesting. In early sown crop, the incidence of leafhoppers started from 31 SW and incidence of aphids and thrips started from 30 SW and continued up to 42 and 43 SW for leafhoppers and aphids, respectively and 41 SW for thrips. In normal sown crop, incidence of leafhoppers and aphids started from 32 SW and incidence of thrips started from 31 SW and continued till the end of 45 SW for all the three pests. In late sown crop, the incidence of leafhoppers started from 35 SW and incidence of aphids and thrips started from 34 SW and continued up to 46 and 47 SW for leafhoppers and aphids, respectively and 46 SW for thrips. Correlation studies revealed that incidence of leafhoppers exhibited significant negative correlation with maximum temperature (r = -0.467, -0.442 and -0.464) and rainfall (r = -0.518, -0.529 and -0.742) during all the three dates of sowing (early, normal and late, respectively) and significant negative correlation with minimum temperature in late sown crop (r = -0.448). Aphids exhibited significant negative correlation with maximum temperature (r = -0.469, -0.521 and -0.472) and rainfall (r = -0.443, -0.450 and  -0.721) in all the three dates of sowing (early, normal and late, respectively) while significant negative correlation with minimum temperature in early and late sown crop with r values -0.519 and -0.324.  Thrips exhibited significant positive correlation with maximum temperature (r = 0.522, 0.459 and 0.447), significant negative correlation with rainfall (r = -0.458, -0.465 and -0.451) during three dates of sowing (early, normal and late, respectively) while significant negative correlation with relative humidity in early sown crop (r = -0.616) and significant positive correlation with minimum temperature in early sown crop (r = 0.463).

Surveillance of pea leaf miner (P. horticola) infesting pea (Pisum sativum) in relation with abiotic factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Keval ◽  
H.S. Vanajakshi ◽  
Sunil Verma ◽  
Babli Bagri
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Seasonal Incidence ◽  
Sunshine Hours

To study the seasonal incidence of insect pests of pea (P. sativum) the investigation was carried out during Rabi session of 2016-17 and 2017-18, at Agricultural Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. The incidence of pests infesting pea was recorded from 50th SMW to 11th SMW. During the observation it was found that P. horticola showed its appearance in the field from 1st to 11th SMW with peak population (71% leaf infestation) in 7th SMW. When population was correlated with abiotic factors it was found that there was positive association with maximum temperature (r = 0.759**), minimum temperature (r = 0.672**), wind speed (r = 0.449).and sunshine hours (r =0.583*) whereas a negative relationship was maintained with morning relative humidity (r =-0.496) and evening relative humidity (r=-0.515), during 2016- 17. Similarly, during 2017-18 there was a positive association with maximum temperature (r = 0.360), minimum temperature (r =0.431), wind speed (r = 0.544*) and sunshine hours(r=0.493) whereas a negative relationship was maintained with morning relative humidity (r =-0.277) and evening relative humidity (r=-0.365).

scholarly journals Relative Abundance and Field Efficacy of Insecticides and Bio-control Agents Against Stem Borer Species in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sharmitha ◽  
C. Gailce Leo Justin ◽  
S. Sheeba Joyce Roseleen
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Seasonal Incidence ◽  
Yellow Stem Borer ◽  
Highly Effective

Background: In India, out of the total loss incurred by different insect pests of paddy, 25 to 30 per cent damage is done by stem borer alone. Many conventional insecticides though have been evaluated against stem borers, yet, most of the chemicals have failed to provide adequate control. Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of some newer molecules of insecticides and bio-control agents.Methods: Field trials were conducted to record the seasonal incidence and to evaluate the efficacy of insecticides and bio-control agents against the stem borer species in rice during Kharif and Rabi. Result: Field experiments revealed that during Kharif 2018, chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC was highly effective with 92.98 and 91.24 per cent reduction of stem borer infestation over control at vegetative and reproductive stages, respectively and recorded a high yield of 5720 kg/ha followed by spinetoram 11.7 SC with 83.16 and 80.82 per cent reduction of stem borer over control at vegetative and reproductive stages, respectively. During Rabi 2019, spinetoram 11.7 SC was highly effective with 92.36 and 93.73 per cent reduction of stem borer infestation over control at vegetative and reproductive stages respectively and recorded a high yield of 4570 kg/ ha, followed by chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC with 84.60 and 91.48 per cent reduction of stem borer at vegetative and reproductive stages, respectively. The difference in the efficacy of insecticides during Khaif, 2018 and Rabi, 2019, might be due to shift in the species occurrence of stem borer, with a dominant occurrence of yellow stem borer (80.61%) in Kharif 2018 and pink stem borer (70.00%) in Rabi, 2019. The bio-control agent Trichogramma japonicum exerted minimum reduction of stem borer with a low grain yield of 3946.6 kg/ha.

New record of Aulacophora foveicollis on Clerodendrumindicum (L.) Kuntze from North East India

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimantini Borkataki ◽  
Purnima Das ◽  
I. C. Boruah ◽  
Abhijit Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Seasonal Incidence ◽  
Correlation Studies ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Aulacophora Foveicollis

Aulacophora foveicollis, a polyphagous pest of more than 81 plant species is known for its voracious feeding habit. Studies on occurrence and population density of this pest were carried out under field conditions at Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat. Correlation studies revealed that population density of A. foveicollis showed significant negative correlation with maximum temperature and significant positive correlation with evening relative humidity. Multiple regression equations were developed for A. foveicollis to predict their seasonal incidence under the agro climatic conditions of Jorhat.

Influence of abiotic factors and hosts on seasonal dynamic of green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
ARVIND KUMAR ◽  
POOJA KHULBE
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
First Year ◽  
Green Lacewing ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
Correlation Studies ◽  
Helianthus Annus ◽  
Sunflower Crop ◽  
Second Year

Influence of abiotic factors and hosts on population dynamics of green lacewing, Chrysoper lacarnea (Stephens) was studied in sunflower, Helianthus annus (Linn.).The maximum number of C. carnea population was found during mid March –mid April in the first year and mid April – mid May in the second year in sunflower crop. The maximum number of host population viz. egg and larva of Helicoverpa armigera and Myzuspe rsicae population were found during mid March –mid April in both the year and correlation studies revealed the positive and significant correlation between larval population of H. armigera, M. persicae and predator C. carnea. While there was no significant relationship found between eggs of H. armigera and C. carnea. The C. carnea population on H. annus during both the year was positively correlated with maximum temperature and found significant,while negatively correlated with relative humidity.However, no significant correlation of C. carnea was found with minimum temperature in both the year.

scholarly journals Exploiting Thrips Aggregation Pheromones to Develop a Lure-and-Kill Strategy for the Management of the Bean Flower Thrips

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1269
Author(s):  
David K. Mfuti ◽  
Amanuel Tamiru ◽  
William D. J. Kirk ◽  
Adeyemi O. Akinyemi ◽  
Heather Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Aggregation Pheromones ◽  
Megalurothrips Sjostedti ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Antifungal Effects ◽  
Field Efficacy ◽  
Management Alternative ◽  
Trap Catches

The potential of semiochemicals to lure insect pests to a trap where they can be killed with biopesticides has been demonstrated as an eco-friendly pest management alternative. In this study, we tested two recently characterized male-produced aggregation pheromones of the bean flower thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom), namely (R)-lavandulyl 3-methylbutanoate (major) and (R)-lavandulol (minor), for their field efficacy. Moreover, compatibility of these pheromones and two other thrips attractants, Lurem-TR and neryl (S)-2-methylbutanoate, with the entomopathogenic fungus (EPF) Metarhizium anisopliae ICIPE 69 has been determined. Our study revealed that the M. sjostedti aggregation pheromones have dose-dependent antifungal effects on the EPF viability, but showed no fungistatic effect at a field-realistic dose for attraction of thrips. (R)-lavandulyl 3-methylbutanoate had similar antifungal effects as neryl (S)-2-methylbutanoate 8 days after exposure; whereas, Lurem-TR had a stronger antifungal effect than other thrips attractants. In the semi-field experiments, all autoinoculation devices maintained at least 86% viability of M. anisopliae conidia after 12 days of exposure. Field trials demonstrated for the first time that (R)-lavandulyl 3-methylbutanoate increases trap catches. Our findings pave a way for designing a lure-and-kill thrips management strategy to control bean flower thrips using autoinoculation devices or spot spray application.

scholarly journals Comparative Experimental Effects of Intercropping and Cypermethrin on Insect Pest Infestation and Yield of Maize, Cowpea and Okra in Two Cameroonian Agro-Ecological Zones

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-393
Author(s):  
Patient Farsia Djidjonri ◽  
Nukenine Elias Nchiwan ◽  
Hartmut Koehler
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Pest Infestation ◽  
Final Yield ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Agro Ecological Zones

The present study investigates the effect of intercropping (maize-cowpea, maize-okra, maize-okra-cowpea, okra-cowpea) compared to insecticide application on the level of infestation of insect pests and the final yield of maize, cowpea and okra. Field experiments were conducted during the 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons in the Guinean Savannah (Dang-Ngaoundere) and Sudano Sahelian (Gouna-Garoua) agro-ecological zones in Cameroon. Our experimental design was a split plot arrangement in a randomized complete block with four replications. The main factor was assigned to the use of insecticide (Cypermethrin) and sub plots were devoted for cropping systems. We compared the efficiency of intercropping to that of Cypermethrin application on the Yield of maize, cowpea and okra as influenced by insect pest damages. The comparison of monocropped sprayed by Cypermethrin to unsprayed showed that, in Dang, insect pests reduced maize yield by 37% and 24% in 2016 and 2017, respectively, whereas in Gouna, it was lower than 8% during the both years. Reduction in seed yield by insect pests on cowpea in Dang represented 47% and 50% in 2016 and 2017, respectively, whereas in Gouna, it was 55% and 63% in 2016 and 2017, respectively. For okra, insect pests reduced okra fruit yield by 25% and 44% in Dang and 23% and 28% in Gouna, respectively, in 2016 and 2017. Crop yield was lower in intercropping compared to monoculture due to competition of plants in association on different resources. Considering the total yields obtained from each intercropping, intercropping trials resulted generally in higher yields compared to mono-culture (LER > 1) in both sites and years but the respective yields were quite different. On the basis of the results obtained, we recommend maize-cowpea intercropping as a sustainable solution to reduce the infestation level of their pest insects.

A new Disease of Cardamom (Elatteria cardamomi) apparently due to Insect Damage in South India

1935 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Ramakrishna Ayyar ◽  
M. S. Kylasam
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Damage ◽  
New Disease ◽  
The Status ◽  
Lycaenid Butterfly ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Scolytid Beetle ◽  
Growing Crop

So far as the writers are aware, there is very little on record regarding insect pests of cardamom, especially of those affecting the growing crop, in India. This is chiefly due to the fact that this crop is grown only in some select forest areas, and we get very few opportunities of studying its diseases. The only insects so far recorded as casual pests of cardamom appear to be (1) the shoot-borer caterpillar (Dichocrocis punctiferalis, Guen.) recorded by Macmillan in 1925 ; this is a well-known pest of castor, turmeric and ginger in the plains. (2) A capsule-boring Scolytid beetle, a minute dark brown insect boring in the capsules like the rice weevil; it is not quite clear from the available information in the records from Coorg whether this was noted as a pest of the growing crop or only in the stored dry capsules. (3) The cardamom borer, Lampides elpis, Godt., the pinkish caterpillar of a small blue Lycaenid butterfly which has been noted to attack the flowers and pods to a certain extent but not seriously. (4) A swarming caterpillar (Eupterote sp.) which was once noted as causing substantial defoliation of the crop. (5) A white delicate lace-wing bug (Stephanitis typicus, Dist.), a minor pest also found on turmeric and ginger. A few others, like Ischnodemus vochus, Tol. (a bug) and Hilarographa caminodes, Meyr. (a root-boring caterpillar), have also been noted off and on ; but none of them has ever attained the status of a serious pest.

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