scholarly journals Potensi Murraya keonigii sebagai Herbisida Alami

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Lussana Rossita Dewi ◽  
Praptining Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Organic Farms ◽  
Grass Seed ◽  
Natural Herbicides ◽  
A Value ◽  
Natural Herbicide ◽  
Allelopathic Compounds ◽  
Radicle Length

Various kinds of agricultural products are needed to support organic farms to produce superior quality products, one of it was natural herbicides. Some plants have the potential to become natural herbicides by producing chemical compounds, namely allelopathy which can inhibit the growth of surrounding plants and Murraya keonigii is one of it. This study aims to see the potential of M. keonigii to become a natural herbicide. Grass seeds were given M keonigii’s extract at a dose of 0 gr / l (control / M0), 50 gr / lt (M1), 60 gr / lt (M2), and 70 gr / lt (M3). The results showed that the aromatic or allelopathic compounds in M ​​keonigii affected the germination. Germination was slower at doses of 60 gr / l (M2) and 70 gr / lt (M3) compared to controls (M0) and 50 gr / lt (M1). Radicle length did not increase rapidly in M2 and M3 treatment. Germination power of grass seeds in control and M0 had a value of 100% or all germinated, while M1 and M2 had 67% germination. The higher the dose of M keonigii extract, the slower the process of grass seed germination.

scholarly journals Identification of Free Radical in Main Stream Cigarette Smoke in Cigarette with Clove mix (Kretek) and Cigarette without Clove mix (White)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Ni Kadek Nova Anggarani ◽  
D.J. Djoko H.S. ◽  
Unggul P. Juswono
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
A Value ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Free Gases ◽  
Smoke Sample ◽  
Landé Factors

Cigarette smoke is a source of free radicals. Cigarette smoke is a component of Aerosols and free gases that contain large amounts of chemical compounds. Cigarette smoke can be divided into two: main smoke and side smoke. The main smoke of cigarettes inhaled by smokers is known to cause a buildup of harmful substances and causes of oxidative stress so that research is carried out using ESR Leybold Heraeus. The sample used is a smoke sample from two types of cigarettes that are popular in Indonesia. The measurement is done by pulling smoke directly into the measurement tube. Then the resonance pattern is observed and the external magnetic field is calculated and the value of the lande factor is based on frequency and current data. Measurements result showed resonance in both types of cigarettes, at a frequency of 32.4-70.8 MHz and obtained values of lande factors that vary and have a value between 1.9-2.1 with two acquisition values that are outside the range that is 1.8368; and 2.2060. There are differences in the number of resonances that occur for each sample. This difference can be due to differences in the constituent of content and the texture of cigarettes which can affect the results of the combustion process.

scholarly journals Reconsidering Hydrosols as Main Products of Aromatic Plants Manufactory: The Lavandin (Lavandula × intermedia) Case Study in Tuscany

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 2225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Politi ◽  
Luigi Menghini ◽  
Barbara Conti ◽  
Stefano Bedini ◽  
Priscilla Farina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Natural Herbicide ◽  
The One ◽  
Behavioural Tests ◽  
First Time ◽  
By Products ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

The present work evaluates for the first time two Lavandin (Lavandula × intermedia Emeric ex Loisel.) aromatic waters obtained from different plant organs, the flowers and the stems. Both extracts were analysed by GC-MS, which indicates semi-quantitative differences between the major metabolites including linalool, 1,8-cineole, camphor, linalyl acetate and 4-terpineol. 1H-NMR and LC-MS investigation confirmed the presence of these compounds. Moreover, behavioural tests with the food insect pest Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera Tenebrionidae) showed a good repellency for both hydrosols extracts with RD50 values of 3.6 and 3.3 µL·cm−2 for the flowers and stems, respectively; at the higher concentrations, however, the hydrosol extract from the flowers is expected to be more effective than the one from the stems. The effect of the flowers and stems aromatic water of Lavandin on seed germination of Raphanus sativus was also evaluated. Results showed that seed germination was completely inhibited by flowers hydrolate, having a possible application as natural herbicide. The overall experience with these Lavandin extracts indicates the potential of improved hydrolates to become the main distillation products, rather than by-products, of the aromatic plants manufacturing; this stimulates further discussions about the potential positive impacts that such a shift could have in the context of ecopharmacognosy.

scholarly journals Elemental Composition and Some Nutritional Parameters of Sweet Pepper from Organic and Conventional Agriculture

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 863
Author(s):  
Rosa Guilherme ◽  
Fernando Reboredo ◽  
Mauro Guerra ◽  
Sandrine Ressurreição ◽  
Nuno Alvarenga
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Ripening Stage ◽  
Pca Analysis ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
A Value ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Nutritional Studies

The increasing demand of organic agriculture (OA) is based on the consumer’s belief that organic agricultural products are healthier, tastier and more nutritious. The effect of OA and conventional agriculture (CA) methods on the elemental compositions of green and red sweet peppers were studied. The highest concentrations of Ca, Cu, K and P occur in peppers from OA in both states of ripeness, with emphasis on Ca and K contents. Furthermore, the principal component analysis (PCA), points out to a clear separation, regarding concentrations, between peppers from OA and CA. The average fruit weight is higher in OA, 141 g versus 112 g in CA. Regarding productivity, CA reaches a value of 30.1 t/ha, 7% higher than the value observed for OA, i.e., 28 t/ha. Peppers from CA, exhibited greater protein content than those which originated from OA, regardless of the ripening stage, but not more ashes. Regarding nutritional ratios, the ripening stage and the production mode, can be important for an adequate choice regarding a more balanced Ca/P ratio, and the studied variety contained high Ca values ranging between 1009 and 1930 mg.kg−1. The PCA analysis also revealed that Mn and Fe are inversely correlated, confirming the importance of the Mn/Fe ratio evaluation in nutritional studies.

scholarly journals Natural Plant Products as Eco-friendly Fungicides for Plant Diseases Control- A Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Zaker
Keyword(s):  
Plant Disease ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Plant Products ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

The use of chemical pesticides for controlling various plant diseases is still a common practice especially in developing countries. Although with the application of chemical fungicides, plant diseases can be controlled but the hazardous impacts of such products in human health and environment are well known. Moreover, with their excess applications pest resistance may exist. Natural plant products have been found effective in plant disease managements and could be safely incorporated as suitable alternatives for synthetic fungicides. It is estimated that there are more than 250,000 higher plant species on earth that can be evaluated for their antimicrobial bioactive chemical compounds. During last several decades researchers have evaluated plant extracts and oils against plant pathogens, valuable results have been achieved and some commercially botanical formulations have been prepared and marketed. If we are supposed to move toward production of safer agricultural products, more attention and effort are still needed for production of more commercially botanical fungicides in the near future. The organic agriculture cannot rely on a limited number of commercially pesticides of natural origin, therefore it seems that more researches in formulating more commercially botanical products as fungicides are still needed.The Agriculturists 2016; 14(1) 134-141

Germination and decreased growth of Kochia scoparia in relation to its autoallelopathy

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 1083-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. K. Lodhi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
High Density ◽  
Kochia Scoparia ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Radicle Length

The autotoxic properties of Kochia scoparia phytotoxins on its germination and on radicle and seedling growth were studied. Inhibition of seed germination, a commonly known allelopathic phenomenon, did not occur and seeds reached close to 100% germination within 24 h when tested against different phytotoxins isolated from Kochia leaves regardless of the concentrations applied. Similarly, the radicle length of Kochia seeds measured was not significantly affected. However, when radicles were allowed to grow for an extended period of time in various concentrations of isolated phytotoxins, their length was significantly reduced in almost all cases. Such autotoxic growth retardation patterns were more pronounced in 10-day-old seedlings. It appears that Kochia phytotoxins do not inhibit germination but retard growth later, which also supports the high density but drastically reduced growth of Kochia in its 2nd year of revegetation in the field. The autotoxins isolated and identified from Kochia leaves were phenolics and flavanoids.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Effects of Essential Oils on Seed Germination of Barley and Wheat

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2728
Author(s):  
Valtcho D. Zheljazkov ◽  
Ekaterina A. Jeliazkova ◽  
Tess Astatkie
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Wheat Germination ◽  
Radicle Length

In this study, we evaluated the allelopathic effects of essential oils (EOs) from six different plant species, namely, lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis), English thyme (Thymus vulgaris), lovage (Levisticum officinale), costmary (Chrysanthemum balsamita), and cumin (Cuminum cyminum), on seed germination and seedling growth of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and wheat (Triticum aestivum). The main constituents of the EOs of L. angustifolia were 47.0% linalool acetate and 28.4% linalool; H. officinalis’ main constituents were 39.8% cis-pinocamphone, 9.8% trans-pinocamphone, 11.4% β-pinene, and 7.5% β-phellandrene; T. vulgaris’ were 38.2% para-cymene, 25.6% thymol, and 13.6% γ-terpinene; L. officinale’s were 64.8% α-terpinyl acetate and 14.7% β-phellandrene; C. balsamita’s were 43.7% camphor, 32.4% trans-thujone, and 11.6% camphene; C. cyminum’s were 49.6% cumin aldehyde, 10.4% para-cymene, 11.6% α-terpinen-7-al, and 9.1% β-pinene. All six EOs exhibited an allelopathic effect and suppressed the seed germination and seedling development of wheat and barley; however, the concentrations that exhibited a suppressing effect were different among the plants. C. cyminum EO completely suppressed both barley and wheat germination at 10-, 30-, and 90-µL application rates, making it the most effective treatment among the tested EOs. C. balsamita’s and H. officinalis’ EOs at 30 and 90 µL application rates completely suppressed barley and wheat radicles per seed, radicle length (mm), seedling height (mm), and germination (%). L. angustifolia’s EOs at 30- and 90-µL and T. vulgaris’ EO at 90 µL application rates also completely suppressed barley and wheat radicles per seed, radicle length (mm), seedling height (mm), and germination (%). C. balsamita’s, H. officinalis’, L. angustifolia’s, and T. vulgaris’ EOs at a 10 µL application rate reduced barley radicle length, seedling height, and % germination relative to the control. Wheat seed germination % was completely suppressed by the application of L. angustifolia’s and T. vulgaris’ EOs at 30 and 90 µL, while T. vulgaris’ EO at 10 µL rate reduced the germination relative to the control. Interestingly, C. balsamita and H. officinalis at 10 µL did not reduce wheat germination; however, they did reduce the number of radicles per seed, radicle length (mm), seedling height (mm), germination (%), and vigor index. Furthermore, L. officinale’s EO reduced the measured indices (radicles per seed, radicle length, seedling height, and vigor index) at the 10, 30, and 90 µL application rates relative to the non-treated control; however, none of the application rates of L. officinale’s EO had a suppression effect on wheat germination. This study demonstrated the allelopathic effects of the EOs of six different herbal plant species on seed germination of barley and winter wheat. The results can be utilized in the development of commercial products for controlling pre-harvest sprouting of wheat and barley. Further research is needed to verify the results under field conditions.

scholarly journals Sugarcane Field Residue and Root Allelopathic Impact on Weed Seed Germination

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Charles L. Webber III ◽  
Paul M. White Jr ◽  
Derek S. Landrum ◽  
Douglas J. Spaunhorst ◽  
Darcey G. Wayment ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Sugarcane Field ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Allelopathic Compounds

Allelopathy, the chemical interaction between plants, may result in the inhibition of plant growth and development, which can include compounds released from a crop that adversely impact weed species. The objective of this research was to determine the allelopathic impact of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) field residue and root water extracts on seed germination of three weed species. Red morningglory (Ipomoea coccinea L.), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), and spiny amaranth (Amaranthus spinosus L.)] seeds were treated with five extract concentrations (0, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 g/L) from either sugarcane field residue or sugarcane root extracts. The field residue and roots were from sugarcane variety ‘HoCP 96-540’ plant cane. Germination generally decreased with increasing sugarcane field residue extract concentrations in the three weed species tested. At the highest residue concentration (100 g/L), red morningglory, redroot pigweed, and spiny amaranth germination decreased by 29%, 17.5% and 80.5%, respectively. Germination generally decreased with increasing sugarcane root extract concentrations in red morningglory and redroot pigweed, but not with spiny amaranth. The highest root concentration (100 g/L) decreased red morningglory and redroot pigweed germination by 19.5% and 18.5%, respectively. This research provides the first bioassay demonstrating that sugarcane root extracts have allelopathic activity, and specifically in respect to red morningglory and redroot pigweed germination. Future research should investigate the allelopathic compounds present in the sugarcane field residue and roots, determine if the same allelopathic compounds are present and in similar concentrations among other sugarcane varieties, and further examine which weed species may be susceptible to the allelopathic compounds present in sugarcane roots.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document