Trends in Metabolic Disorder in U.S. Army Aviators, 20162018

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
Claire Goldie ◽  
James McGhee ◽  
Amanda M. Kelley
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Medical Surveillance ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Electronic Resource ◽  
Defense Medical ◽  
The U.S

INTRODUCTION: Recent epidemiological studies of U.S. Army aviators have suggested higher than anticipated rates of hyperlipidemia and metabolic disorder. The goal of this study was to determine whether this finding has persisted in 20162018 and to subsequently determine whether this trend is genuine and warrants further evaluation.METHODS: Data were requested from the U.S. Army Aeromedical Electronic Resource Office (AERO) and retrieved from the publicly available Defense Medical Surveillance System (DMSS) utilizing similar inclusion/exclusion criteria, where possible, as the earlier studies. For each year 20162018, incidence rates (per 1000 person years) for hyperlipidemia and metabolic syndrome were retrieved from DMSS, while percentages of aviators with these conditions were retrieved from AERO. The DMSS incidence rates were also age stratified. No formal analyses were conducted.RESULTS: Results from DMSS showed overall rates of hyperlipidemia ranging from 3.18 to 6.83 per 1000 person-years and for metabolic syndrome from 0.16 to 0.69 per 1000 person-years. The age stratified rates increased proportionally with age. AERO data showed a range of 0.81.5% of aviators had hyperlipidemia and for metabolic syndrome this ranged from 0.31 to 0.45%. These rates are broadly comparable to the previous studies findings.DISCUSSION: This studys findings suggest no continued increase in hyperlipidemia or metabolic disorder in aviators. While the exact cause is unknown, one could speculate a number of sources such as preferences in testing or encouragement from specific commanders or flight surgeons.Goldie C, McGhee J, Kelley AM. Trends in metabolic disorder in U.S. Army aviators, 20162018. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021; 92(1):4346.

scholarly journals Seasonal Trends for Environmental Illness Incidence in the U.S. Army

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W DeGroot ◽  
Catherine A Rappole ◽  
Paige McHenry ◽  
Robyn M Englert
Keyword(s):  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Medical Surveillance ◽  
Piecewise Regression ◽  
Exertional Heat Illness ◽  
Policies And Procedures ◽  
Icd Codes ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACT Introduction The incidence of and risk factors for exertional heat illness (EHI) and cold weather injury (CWI) in the U.S. Army have been well documented. The “heat season”, when the risk of EHI is highest and application of risk mitigation procedures is mandatory, has been arbitrarily defined as May 1 through September 30, while the “cold season” is understood to occur from October 1 to April 30 each year. The proportions of EHI and CWI that occur outside of the traditional heat and cold seasons are unknown. Additionally, it is unknown if either of the seasonal definitions are appropriate. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the proportion of EHI and of CWI that occur within the commonly accepted seasonal definitions. We also report the location-specific variability, seasonal definitions, and the demographic characteristics of the populations. Methods The U.S. Army installations with the highest frequency of EHI and of CWI from 2008 to 2013 were identified and used for analysis. In total there were 15 installations included in the study, with five installations used for analysis in both the EHI and CWI projects. In- and out-patient EHI and CWI data (ICD-9-CM codes 992.0 to 992.9 and ICD codes 991.0 to 991.9, respectively) were obtained from the Defense Medical Surveillance System. Installation-specific denominator data were obtained from the Defense Manpower Data Center, and incidence rates were calculated by week, for each installation. Segmental (piecewise) regression analysis was used to determine the start and end of the heat and cold seasons. Results Our analysis indicates that the heat season starts around April 22 and ends around September 9. The cold season starts on October 3 and ends on March 24. The majority (n = 6,445, 82.3%) of EHIs were diagnosed during the “heat season” of May 1 to September 30, while 10.3% occurred before the heat season started (January1 to April 30) and 7.3% occurred after the heat season ended (October 1 to December 31). Similar to EHI, 90.5% of all CWIs occurred within the traditionally defined cold season, while 5.7% occurred before and 3.8% occurred after the cold season. The locations with the greatest EHI frequency were Ft Bragg (n = 2,129), Ft Benning (n = 1,560), and Ft Jackson (n = 1,538). The bases with the largest proportion of CWI in this sample were Ft Bragg (17.8%), Ft Wainwright (17.2%), and Ft Jackson (12.7%). There were considerable inter-installation differences for the start and end dates of the respective seasons. Conclusions The present study indicates that the traditional heat season definition should be revised to begin  ∼3 weeks earlier than the current date of May 1; our data indicate that the current cold season definition is appropriate. Inter-installation variability in the start of the cold season was much larger than that for the heat season. Exertional heat illnesses are a year-round problem, with ∼17% of all cases occurring during non-summer months, when environmental heat strain and vigilance are lower. This suggests that EHI mitigation policies and procedures require greater year-round emphasis, particularly at certain locations.

Assessment of anthrax vaccination data in the Defense Medical Surveillance System, 1998–2004

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 605-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Payne ◽  
Charles E. Rose ◽  
Aaron Aranas ◽  
Yujia Zhang ◽  
Herman Tolentino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Medical Surveillance ◽  
Defense Medical

Quality assessment of nonanthrax vaccination data in the Defense Medical Surveillance System (DMSS), 1998–2004

Vaccine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1577-1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill C. Davila ◽  
Daniel C. Payne ◽  
Yujia Zhang ◽  
Charles E. Rose ◽  
Aaron Aranas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Medical Surveillance ◽  
Defense Medical

scholarly journals Dynamics of detailed components of metabolic syndrome associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease and death

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Yu Lin ◽  
Kuo-Liong Chien ◽  
Yueh-Hsia Chiu ◽  
Pi-Chun Chuang ◽  
Ming-Fang Yen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Integrated Screening ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractFew studies quantify a cascade of dynamic transitions on the detailed components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and subsequent progressions to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its death. A total of 47,495 subjects repeatedly attending a community-based integrated screening program in Taiwan were recruited. The refined MetS-related classification (RMRC) in relation to five criteria of MetS was defined as free of metabolic disorder (FMD, none of any criteria), mild metabolic disorder (MMD, 1–2 criteria) and MetS. A multistate Markov model was used for modelling such a multistate process. The estimated progression rate from FMD to MMD was 44.82% (95% CI 42.95–46.70%) whereas the regression rate was estimated as 29.11% (95% CI 27.77–30.45%). The progression rate from MMD to MetS was estimated as 6.15% (95% CI 5.89–6.42%). The estimated annual incidence rates of CVD increased with the severity of RMRC, being 1.62% (95% CI 1.46–1.79%) for FMD, 4.74% (95% CI 4.52–4.96%) for MMD, to 20.22% (95% CI 19.52–20.92%) for MetS. The estimated hazard rate of CVD death was 6.1 (95% CI 4.6–7.7) per thousand. Elucidating the dynamics of MetS-related transition and quantifying the incidence and prognosis of CVD provide a new insight into the design and the evaluation of intervention programs for CVD.

TBE in Italy

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
National Level ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Low Incidence

Italy is considered a low-incidence country for tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Europe.1 Areas at higher risk for TBE in Italy are geographically clustered in the forested and mountainous regions and provinces in the north east part of the country, as suggested by TBE case series published over the last decade.2-5 A national enhanced surveillance system for TBE has been established since 2017.6 Before this, information on the occurrence of TBE cases at the national level in Italy was lacking. Both incidence rates and the geographical distribution of the disease were mostly inferred from endemic areas where surveillance was already in place, ad hoc studies and international literature.1

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