scholarly journals Pasture species and drought impacts on milk yield 2. Predicted farm milk yield at four sites

1998 ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Barker ◽  
D.A. Clark ◽  
E.R. Thom ◽  
J.N. Couchman ◽  
R.N. Burton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
System Modelling ◽  
Milk Supply ◽  
Increase Milk Production ◽  
Growth Differences ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Farm System

A desirable option for increasing milk yield per farm is to increase milk production in summer without compromising peak-season production or the duration of lactation. The dairy industry has a goal to achieve a 4% per month post-peak decline of milk production. The effect of five pasture types and two summer water regimes on predicted farm milk yield, in Northland, Waikato, Manawatu and Canterbury was measured over 1 year. Two pasture treatments, resident pasture and Grasslands Nui ryegrass, were common to all sites. A third pasture treatment varied between sites: triple mix (Grasslands Advance tall fescue, Grasslands Kara cocksfoot, and Grasslands Maru phalaris) at the Manawatu site; the same triple mix but with Grasslands Raki paspalum at the Northland site; and low-endophyte ryegrass and Grasslands Kahu timothy (LER) at the Canterbury site; all sown treatments included red and white clover. All five pasture types were included at the Waikato site. On average for all pasture types, water deficit reduced summer herbage accumulation (HA) to 79, 68, 43 and 18% of irrigated controls, and annual HA to 88, 80, 73 and 63% of irrigated controls in Northland, Waikato, Manawatu and Canterbury, respectively. Since farm milk yield predicted by UDDER was highly correlated with annual HA (R2 = 83%), the effects of pasture type and water deficit on milk yield were similar to effects on HA. Seasonal and annual HA differed among the five pasture types at each of the four sites. The most important factor affecting predicted farm milk yield was annual HA, with relatively little effect from the seasonal pattern of pasture growth. Differences in shapes of the predicted milk supply curves for various treatments occurred, particularly when drought forced early drying-off. The best predicted summer milk yield was for the Canterbury irrigated LER pasture treatment, a 6.8% per month postpeak decline of milk production. Keywords: farm milk yield, farm system modelling, forage supply, pasture species, water deficit

MILK PRODUCTION IN CATTALO COWS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON CALF GAINS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. KELLER
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
F Protein ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Daily Gain

Milk yield in 91 lactations from cattalo cows averaging about 14% bison–86% Hereford was estimated by five milkings during 185-day intervals in each of the years 1961–1963 at the Agriculture Canada Experimental Farm, Manyberries, Alberta. Estimated 24-h milk yield was highest in June (6.36 ± 0.17 kg) and lowest near the termination of lactation in October (3.16 ± 0.08 kg). Total estimated milk yield (TMY) from parturition to the end of the 185-day lactation period was 938 ± 22 kg. Age of dam was a major source of variation in TMY and TMY decreased by 10.8 ± 5.3 kg for each percent increase in bison percentage of dam (B % dam). Gain from birth to 185 days of age (TGAIN) of cattalo calves was highly correlated with TMY (r = 0.79) and periodic milk yields throughout the lactation period (r = 0.59–0.76), with TGAIN being greatest in calves from older dams (5–9 yr). Correlations of mean percent fat (%F), protein (%P), and solids-not-fat (%SNF) in the milk from cattalo dams with calf TGAIN were generally low and inconclusive due to small sampling numbers. Although milk yield decreased through the lactation period, %F, %P, and %SNF in the milk increased proportionally. B-% dam did not influence average daily gain between milkings or TGAIN of calves to any appreciable extent. TMY accounted for 75% of the known variation in TGAIN and calves were found to be 0.057 ± 0.005 kg heavier at 185 days of age for each 1-kg increase in TMY.

A complementary forage system whole-farm study: forage utilisation and milk production

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 460 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Fariña ◽  
S. C. Garcia ◽  
W. J. Fulkerson
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Increase Milk Production ◽  
Forage System

Australian dairy farmers are facing decreasing availability of land and water and declining terms of trade. In this context, systems that are able to increase milk production per ha from home-grown feed, beyond the potential of pasture only, are sought. The complementary forage system (CFS), combining an area with a rotational sequence of two or three forage crops per year with an area of pasture in 35 and 65% of the farm area, respectively, was developed for this purpose. A 2-year whole-farm study with 100 milking cows on 21.5 ha evaluated the feasibility of achieving 25 t DM/ha.year of home-grown feed and converting this into 35 000 L of milk/ha.year by the implementation of such CFS. Utilisation and nutritive value of all forages and milk yields of individual cows were measured daily, body condition and bodyweight weekly, and milk composition fortnightly. Over 26 t DM/ha.year was utilised over the whole CFS farm for the 2 years of the study. This utilised forage had a mean metabolisable energy value of 10.2 MJ/kg DM and crude protein content of 20.5% DM. From this, a total yield of 27 835 L of milk/ha.year from home-grown feed was obtained, which is higher than any other whole-farm study reported in the literature. Daily pasture intake was the variable with the highest impact on milk yield, and significant differences were found in body condition and milk yield of cows calving in either autumn or spring. This study warrants further investigation to determine the environmental and economic sustainability of the implementation of the CFS.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence and IoT in Dairy Farm

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
Ruhul Amin ◽  
Mostafijur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Conventional Farming ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Increase Milk Production

Internet of things (IoT) and data-driven techniques are producing greater prospects for smart dairying. The demand for milk is unceasingly increasing because of the rising population of the globe. The employment of dairy products is more in developed countries as compared to developing countries. To fulfill this increased demand for milk products, better technological techniques for improving milk yield are required. It’s foreseeable that the use of IoT and different AI techniques can lend a hand to a farmer to beat different conventional farming challenges and increase milk production. During this research, the authors give a talk about different challenges that a dairy farmer has to countenance in their way of life. A brief introduction of smart dairying (SDF) is presented with relevancy to the modernization in production and therefore the processes of smart dairy farming. This review concentrates on different facets of smart dairying, and at last, a state-of-the-art framework that can aid the farmers to extend the milk yield by using different up-to-the-minute technologies has been proposed. These high-tech methods can reduce the factors negatively upsetting milk production and increase that positively heartrending production with trifling resources.  

RELATION OF PREPUBERTAL SERUM STEROID PROFILES TO FIRST LACTATION MILK YIELD

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1021-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. MARCUS ◽  
A. J. McALLISTER ◽  
A. J. HACKETT
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Dummy Variable ◽  
Steroid Profiles ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Highly Correlated

Correlation between prepubertal serum sex steroids and subsequent lactation performance was investigated with 98 Holstein, Ayrshire and crossbred heifers in the hope of finding a precise criterion for early selection. Blood samples were collected from the heifers at 100, 130, 160 and 190 d of age. Initially samples from the first 25 animals to provide a complete set of samples and completing their first lactation, were analyzed for progesterone, androstenedione, testosterone, estrone and estradiol. The relation between each steroid level at each age and first lactation milk yield was assessed by linear regression analysis. Day 130 androstenedione was found to be the variable most highly correlated with milk production. The day 130 steroid levels of all 98 heifers were then analyzed and relation of steroid level to first lactation milk yield was assessed by multiple linear regression procedures which treated breed as a dummy variable. Although the best model using the complete set of data accounted for 23% (R2) of the variation in milk production, 18% was due to breed alone. The reported usefulness of prepubertal steroid levels for predicting lactation performance was not confirmed. Key words: Prediction, lactation yield, steroids, heifers

Quantifying the value proposition for white clover persistence on a New Zealand summer-dry hill-country farm

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 199-209
Author(s):  
Mike B. Dodd ◽  
Katherine N. Tozer ◽  
Iris Vogeler ◽  
Rose Greenfield ◽  
David R. Stevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
System Modelling ◽  
Value Proposition ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
The North ◽  
Farm System

The improvement in forage quality and quantity of summer-dry hill country pasture resulting from the introduction of clover is well recognised. However, ensuring the persistence of the commonly availablecultivars is challenging, in the face of seasonal moisture stress, intensive grazing, competition from established well-adapted pasture species, low soil fertility and low soil pH – conditions typical of the East Coast of the North Island. Here we quantify the value proposition associated with the introduction of white clover into a case study on a Gisborne sheep and beef farm, using a six-step process. A topographically explicit approach is taken, using an understanding of the underlying spatial variability, based on a combination of soil and pasture measurements, APSIM simulation modelling of pasture growth and farm system modelling of enterprise performance. We show that from a baseline of a typical low-fertility, diverse species hill country pasture, white clover introduction can increase spring and summer forage consumption by 17%, enabling inclusion of an additional 6-month bull finishing enterprise generating a 32% greater carcass weight production and leading to a 49% improvement in farm system EBIT. This represents a positive net present value of over $360,000 for the original investment in white clover establishment into existing pastures.

Increasing Energy Ration of Bali Cattle to Improve Digestible Nutrient, Milk Yield and Milk Quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Suryani ◽  
I Wayan Suarna ◽  
Ni Putu Sarini ◽  
I Gede Mahardika
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Parent Body ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Increase Energy Intake ◽  
Bali Cattle

To determine the effect of energy levels on digestible nutrient, milk production and milk quality of 7 months pregnant Bali cattle, was the purpose of this study. The study was conducted in Bali, Province of Indonesia on 12 pregnant breeding phase of pre-calving (2 months before the birth) with the parent body weight 329-340 kg/head. The treatment given is four types of Metabolizable Energy (ME) levels: 2000, 2100, 2200 and 2300/kg respectively as treatment A, B, C, and D. All ration contain 10% of crude protein. Variables measured: energy intake, digestible nutrient, milk yield, and milk quality. This research is a randomized block design. The results showed that increase energy ration until 2300 kcal ME/kg would significantly (P<0.05) increase energy intake and highest at cattle consumed ratio D is 22239.55 kcal/day. However, digestible nutrient was not affected. Milk production increased with increasing energy rations and highest (P<0.05) at cattle received treatment D is 2179.83 ml/day compared to treatment A 936.67 ml/day. Milk fat and milk lactose also highest (P<0.05) in treatment D are 8.56% and 4.76% respectively. Based on these results, it can be concluded that increase energy ration will increase energy intake, milk yield and milk fat and milk lactose of Bali cattle. 

Effect of Herbal Galactogogue (Sanjivani biokseera) on Milk Yield and Milk Constituents in Lactating Kankrej Cattle at Organised Farm

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
H H Panchasara ◽  
A B Chaudhari ◽  
D A Patel ◽  
Y M Gami ◽  
M P Patel
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Distinct Effect ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Group I ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding herbal galactogogue preparation (Sanjivani biokseera) on the milk yield and milk constituents in lactating Kankrej cows. Thirty-two lactating Kankrej cows in their 1st to 6th lactation were taken for the experiment from 3 days after calving up to 52 days postpartum. All the animals were fed as per the standard seasonally available roughages and concentrates to meet their nutritional requirements. The cows were randomly divided into two uniform groups of 16 cows in each according to initial milk yield and milk composition. The animals in group-I were not given any supplement and served as control. The animals in group-II were given Sanjivani biokseera (Naturewell Industries) @ 60 g per day for 1-month, commencing 3 days after calving, in addition to the usual feeds/fodders. A clear difference was observed in milk yield from day 8 onward of experiment between groups with significant (plessthan0 0.05) higher values from day 16-52 in cows fed herbal galactogogue as compared to control, but no such distinct effect on milk constituents was observed on day 52 when analyzed. The use of herbal galactogogue significantly (p lessthan 0.05) increased the overall average of 52 days milk production, which was 9.34 ± 0.21 lit/day in supplemented as compared to 7.75 ± 0.26 lit/day in control animals. It was concluded that herbal galactogogue (Sanjivani biokseera) could increase milk yield in lactating dairy cows through its galactopoetic property and improved rumen environment.

Effect of Bypass Protein on Milk Production and Economic of Lactating Crossbred Cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
RATNESH K CHOUDHARY ◽  
A Saran ROY ◽  
N K SINGH3 ◽  
SANJAY KUMAR ◽  
RAUSHAN K SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Daily Milk

An On-Farm Trial was conducted on 24 lactating crossbred cows for assessment of feeding formaldehyde treated mustard cake (bypass protein) on milk production and economic analysis of lactating cow. Cows were divided into three groups having 8 cows each, treatments were farmers’ practice (FP); (Control): The lactating animals under this group were fedas per the feeding schedule of the farmers (5 kg. dry roughage as rice straw + 6 hrs grazing as local grass and 4 kg. commercial concentrates), T1: The lactating animals under this group were fed as per farmers practicewith 12% mustard cake of total diet was provided to the cow by replacing the same amount of commercial concentrates andT2: The lactating animals under this group were fed as per farmers practicewith 12% formaldehyde treated mustard cake of total diet was provided to the cow by replacing same amount of commercial concentrates. The average daily milk yield of lactating cows under FP, T1 and T2 was 8.58, 8.82 and 9.85 kg per cow, respectively. Differences between FP and T2 were significant. The daily increase in milk yield was 1.27 kg and 1.03 kg in cows fed T2diet over the cows fed FP and T1diet, respectively. The B: C ratios for FP, T1 and T2 groups were 2.6, 3.0 and 3.3, respectively. The feed cost reduced in T2 group by Rs. 8.64 and increased milk production by 1.27 kg in respect to FP group.

An association analysis between PRL genotype and milk production traits in Italian Mediterranean river buffalo

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Aixin Liang ◽  
Zipeng Li ◽  
Chao Du ◽  
Guohua Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
River Buffalo ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Mediterranean River

This Research Communication describes the association between genetic variation within the prolactin (PRL) gene and the milk production traits of Italian Mediterranean river buffalo (Bufala mediterranea Italiana). High resolution melting (HRM) techniques were developed for genotyping 465 buffaloes. The association of genetic polymorphism with milk production traits was performed and subsequently the effects of parity and calving season were evaluated. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified at exons 2 and 5 and at introns 1 and 2. All the SNPs were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and statistical analysis showed that the polymorphism of intron1 was significantly (P < 0·05) associated with milk yield, milk protein content and peak milk yield. The average contribution of the intron1 genotype (r2intron1) to total phenotypic variance in milk production traits was 0·09, and the TT genotype showed lower values than CC and CT genotypes. A nonsynonymous SNP was identified in exon 2, which resulted in an amino acid change from arginine to cysteine. Moreover, the polymorphism of exon 2 was associated significantly with milk fat content (P < 0·05), and the buffaloes with TT genotype showed higher total fat content than the buffaloes with CT genotype. These findings provide evidence that polymorphisms of the buffalo PRL gene are associated with milk production traits and PRL can be used as a candidate gene for marker-assisted selection in Italian Mediterranean river buffalo breeding.

Comparison of milk production, mastitis, lameness and days to conception of Brown Swiss, Holstein and Holstein cross Brown Swiss dairy cattle

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 86-86
Author(s):  
G Wellwood ◽  
J K Margerison
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Holstein Friesian

Mastitis is a complex disease causing inflammation of the udder, which has been estimated to cost the dairy farmer between £40-£117/cow per year (Stott et al., 2002). Economic loss occurs as a result of discarded milk, reduced milk yield and milk quality, increased vet costs and an increase in replacement costs. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of breed on the incidence of mastitis and somatic cell counts and milk production capabilities of Holstein Friesian, Brown Swiss and Brown Swiss crossbred cows.

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