scholarly journals Improving the Economic Efficiency of Agricultural Production by its Diversification in the Republic of Karakalpakstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 306-312
Author(s):  
T. Jiemuratov ◽  
S. Baijanov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Natural Lakes ◽  
Agricultural Diversification ◽  
Level Of Use ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Land Water

The article describes the importance of diversifying in the agriculture production. The main directions of diversification of production have been identified due to the production capacity of each region of the Republic of Karakalpakstan. The directions of diversification of agricultural production in the Republic of Karakalpakstan are determined on the basis of the production potential of the regions. The statistical analysis of the production of basic agricultural products has been carried out. We can see from the analyzes that the production of vegetables, melons and dairy products corresponds to the level of consumer demand in the Republic of Karakalpakstan. However, the needs of the population in fruits, berries, eggs, grapes, fish, honey and potatoes remain unsatisfactory. The degree of the diversification in agriculture production is very low. Analyzing the composition of arable land in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, 75% of the total arable land is allocated for cotton and grain crops. Despite significant growth in the vegetable, melon and livestock sectors in the country, the service infrastructure, material resources and most research and educational institutions are intended to grow raw cotton and cereals. But availability of natural lakes, convenience of growing fodder for poultry, availability of labor force allow to raise the degree of the agricultural diversification in the Republic of Karakalpakstan. The level of use of land, water, labor and other opportunities varies in different regions of the Republic. Therefore, the territory of the Republic of Karakalpakstan is divided into 4 conditional zones and the main directions of the agricultural diversification are determined for each region separately.

POWER SUPPLY OF FARM TRACTOR INDUSTRY IN RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
OTARI N. DIDMANIDZE ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Entire Range ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Farm Tractor ◽  
Total Capacity ◽  
Agricultural Tractors

Determining the prospects for the development of the tractor fl eet in Russia and its supplying with power units is an important task in establishing a technological foundation to eff ectively tackle the problems of agricultural production. Taking into consideration the indicator of power supply in agriculture in the world’s economically developed countries, the authors consider the domestic needs in agricultural tractors and engines. As a result of the analysis, it is shown that the fl eet of agricultural tractors is at a low level of about 200 thousand units, and it requires further serious development. To ensure eff ective agricultural production, it is necessary to balance the level of farm tractor availability in Russia with that of economically advanced countries. The indicator of 4 kW/ha was taken as a promising level of tractor availability, and the required number of tractors was determined. The analysis was carried out for the cultivation of arable land in Russia with an area of 80 million hectares as of 2020 and amounted to about 2.5 million units for the entire range of agricultural tractors taking into account their traction class. To cultivate all arable areas in Russia, which amounted to about 120 million hectares in 1990, a third more equipment will be required. To maintain the tractor fl eet at this level, it is necessary to ensure an annual supply of at least 250 thousand units of various engines with a total capacity of at least 320 GW. This problem can be solved through increasing the production capacity of existing engine-building plants and designing new diesel engines for tractors of traction classes 0.6…1.4 with a capacity between 20 and 70 kW.

scholarly journals Opportunities and conditions of sustainable development of the agricultural industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
R. N. Zhangirova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Important Place ◽  
The Republic

The article shows aspects of sustainable agricultural development. It summarized modern views on the sustainable development of the agricultural sector. The problems of the agricultural sector of the republic are identified, the solution of which will contribute to the successful development of agricultural production. The necessity of increasing the efficiency of resource use is substantiated. An important place in the article is given to the role of state support for the agricultural sector. A comparative analysis of the yield of field cultivation from 1 ha of arable land and crops in the Republic of Kazakhstan is carried out. Using the index method, the influence of the structure of crops and crop productivity is calculated. According to statistical data, the current state of the agricultural sector of Kazakhstan is revealed. The reasons for low labor productivity in the agricultural sector of the republic are indicated. The role of science in the qualitative renewal of the country's agricultural sector is emphasized. Promising ways to stimulate the growth rate of agricultural production are proposed. The main directions of sustainable development of the agricultural sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan are determined. It is proved that organic agriculture can act as a point of sustainable agricultural growth.

Current Situation in Irrigation in the Republic of Serbia

2013 ◽  
pp. 123-139
Author(s):  
Nataša Kljajic ◽  
Predrag Vukovic ◽  
Slavica Arsic
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
New Production ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
The Republic

The current situation in irrigation in Serbia, observed through total number of irrigation systems, in other words through areas where those systems were constructed, is not satisfactory—neither according to range, nor according to technical equipment and the level of their use. The level of development that has been reached does not satisfy the requirements of stable and efficient agricultural production. Irrigation has not been applied properly in our agriculture because every time when a bumper crop year happens, irrigation is delayed. Irrigation is applied to less than 1% of cultivable soil in the Republic of Serbia. A few very successful results in agricultural production where irrigation was applied point out the perspective on irrigation in Serbia. In the development of irrigation, the priority should be given to renovation of old and construction of new small and big systems, to making changes in structures of production in agriculture, to modernization of mechanization and creation of economic conditions necessary for the use of old and construction of new production capacity aiming to increase employment. Because of the fact that Serbia is poor in water resources of its own, as well as that transit water becomes more and more uncertain in the future regarding its quality and quantity, planned rationalization of water consumption must be one of strategic points for future development in Serbia, as well as obligatory reduction in specific water consumption in all spheres of its use.

DIVERSIFICATION OF PRODUCTION AS A DIRECTION OF STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRISES

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Bakey А. ◽  
Shaykenova N.Т.
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Diversification Strategy ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Crop Farming ◽  
Production Economic ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Effective Use

Currently, production diversification strategy is one of the primary tasks of the Republic of Kazakhstan and Mongolia. In particular, the question of the relevance of diversification of production in crop farming, is particularly acute in terms of ensuring the sustainability of agricultural production, restructuring the production in line with market conditions, achieving economic efficiency of crop production. There are a number of issues to be solved for the effective use of the diversification of production in crop production, such as:the negative impact of risks, reduction of volumes of sales and profitability of crop production (economic);underutilization of production capacity, not fully used working capital (technology);cyclical nature of economic development, slow pace of development of scientific and technological progress, the uneven development of sectors of the economy (organizational);deterioration of soil quality and land used in crop production (ecology).

Brief analysis of the provision of agricultural machinery to agricultural enterprises of the Republic of Belarus

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
I. L. Kovalev ◽  
A. A. Efremov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Agricultural Tractor

Long-term foreign and domestic experience in agricultural production proves that the intensification of agricultural production, an increase in its efficiency and volumes, an increase in the competitiveness of agricultural products, is impossible without constant modernization of the production and technical base and the introduction of the most modern achievements of scientific and technological progress. Only a comprehensive and systematic technical and technological reequipment of agricultural production, saturation of it with high-tech, high-performance complexes, machines, equipment can provide a significant increase in labor productivity, minimize the cost of all types of material resources with a steady trend of constantly decreasing labor resources in agricultural production. The analysis of indicators of provision with the main types of machines of domestic agricultural enterprises in comparison with different countries of the world is carried out. The article presents the results of the analysis of the most important segments of the agricultural tractor and combine park of the Republic of Belarus.

scholarly journals Assessment of water and land resources of Azerbaijan

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Aliev Z.G. ◽  
Karimova H.
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
Traditional Irrigation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Total Turnover ◽  
Agriculture Water

In the article the problems of assessment of water are concidered according to land resources of Azerbaijan. The authors note that currently in the country out of the total turnover of the land displays a wide area unsuitable for agricultural production due to the construction of individual buildings and structures, elevation of groundwater level, the development of various types of erosion and for other reasons. So, one person in 1959 had 0.36 ha of arable land, 1970 – 0.23 ha in 1979 – 0.21 hectares, in 2006 dropped to 0.155 hectares currently, more than 42.8% of the whole territory of the Republic (70...85 % in some regions) is exposed to various erosive processes. A critical question is the availability suitable for agriculture water resources. By estimations of authors of the water resources of the country amount to 32.5 billion m3, and in dry years this figure is reduced to of 23.16 billion m3. The results of the study revealed that up to 96 % of irrigated land is watered mainly traditional irrigation methods (furrow and overlap, superficial way), and in other ways with the use of low-intensity progressive water saving technologies of irrigation systems with up to 5 % of the total irrigated land. According to the researches, in 2020 the total annual value of water resources per capita in Azerbaijan will be 2 times less than in Armenia, and 7 times less than in Georgia. It is proposed to increase the efficiency of agricultural production in the production unit of crop production from use of water resources by the year 2025 at the level of 1 kg/m3 and 1.5 kg/m3 by 2050.

POWER SUPPLY OF FARM TRACTOR INDUSTRY IN RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
OTARI N DIDMANIDZE ◽  
◽  
SERGEY N DEVYANIN ◽  
EKATERINA Р PARLYUK ◽  
VLADIMIR A. MARKOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Entire Range ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Farm Tractor ◽  
Total Capacity ◽  
Agricultural Tractors

Determining the prospects for the development of the tractor fl eet in Russia and its supplying with power units is an important task in establishing a technological foundation to eff ectively tackle the problems of agricultural production. Taking into consideration the indicator of power supply in agriculture in the world’s economically developed countries, the authors consider the domestic needs in agricultural tractors and engines. As a result of the analysis, it is shown that the fl eet of agricultural tractors is at a low level of about 200 thousand units, and it requires further serious development. To ensure eff ective agricultural production, it is necessary to balance the level of farm tractor availability in Russia with that of economically advanced countries. The indicator of 4 kW/ha was taken as a promising level of tractor availability, and the required number of tractors was determined. The analysis was carried out for the cultivation of arable land in Russia with an area of 80 million hectares as of 2020 and amounted to about 2.5 million units for the entire range of agricultural tractors taking into account their traction class. To cultivate all arable areas in Russia, which amounted to about 120 million hectares in 1990, a third more equipment will be required. To maintain the tractor fl eet at this level, it is necessary to ensure an annual supply of at least 250 thousand units of various engines with a total capacity of at least 320 GW. This problem can be solved through increasing the production capacity of existing engine-building plants and designing new diesel engines for tractors of traction classes 0.6…1.4 with a capacity between 20 and 70 kW.

Hygienic assessment of learning environment conditions (by the example of higher educational institutions of the city of Ufa)

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Author(s):  
Elena Ju. Gorbatkova
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Higher Educational Institutions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The City

Introduction. The important factors affecting health and performance of young people are the conditions of education, in particular, a comfortable microclimate in the classrooms of higher educational institutions. Materials and methods. In view of the urgency of this problem, an analysis was made of the microclimate parameters of educational organizations of different profiles (Ufa city, the Republic of Bashkortostan). 294 classrooms were studied in 22 buildings of 4 leading universities in Ufa. A total of 3,822 measurements were taken to determine the parameters of the microclimate. The analysis of ionizing radiation in the aerial environment of classrooms. There was performed determination of radon and its affiliated products content. In order to assess the conditions and lifestyle of students of 4 higher educational institutions of the city of Ufa, we conducted an anonymous survey of 1,820 students of I and IV years of education. Results. The average temperature in the classrooms of all universities studied was 23.9±0.09 C. The average relative humidity in all classrooms was 34.2 ± 0.42%. Analysis of ionizing radiation (radon and its daughter products decay) in the aerial environment of the classrooms and sports halls located in the basement determined that the average annual equivalent equilibrium volumetric activity of the radon daughter products (EROA ± Δ222Rn) ranged from 28 ± 14 to 69 ± 34.5 meter, which meets the requirements established by SanPiN. Conclusion. The hygienic assessment of the microclimate parameters of educational institutions of various profile revealed a number of deviations from the regulated norms. The results indicate the need to control the parameters of the microclimate, both from the administration of universities, and from the professors. According to the results of the study, recommendations were prepared for the management of higher educational institutions in Ufa.

The Changing Faces of the Terror of Cultism in Nigerian Society: An Islamic Perspective

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 97-111
Author(s):  
Abdulrazaq Kilani
Keyword(s):  
Religious Movements ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
New Religious Movements ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
National Life ◽  
Indigenous Religions ◽  
Almost All ◽  
New Recruits ◽  
Populous Country

The menace of cultism in Nigeria society in general and our educational institutions in particular has reached an alarming stage that requires affirmative actions from all stakeholders. The scourge of cultism has claimed many lives of our youths and no serious authority can fold its arms and allow it to continue. It appears that the various efforts at curbing the menace have yielded no result. The corruption in most facets of our national life has finally subdued the educational institutions, which used to be the pride of place in the past. Most families are astonished to find out that children sent to school to learn and become better human beings in the society have initiated themselves into cult groups. The emergency of secret cultism has been characterized by some violent activities which include, physical torture of new recruits, maiming and killing of rival cult members and elimination of real and perceived enemies. Nigeria, Africa's most populous country, is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups with 36 states and one federal territory (Abuja). There are three major religions namely Islam (50%), Christianity (40%), and Africa Indigenous Religions (10%). The effect of globalization is also making other new religious movements to be making inroads into Nigeria. Nigeria has a population of about 141 million people (2006 census). Nigeria which is rich in both human and material resources is a country that is facing a lot of developmental challenges in almost all sectors due to poor leadership. The menace of cultism especially among youths and some influential people in the society represents one of the distortion facing the popular ‘giant’ of Africa. The aim of this chapter is to bring into the fore the menace of cultism in modern Nigeria as a brand of terrorism mind not the fact that there are even religious cults in both the developed and developing societies. The paper also adopted an Islamic lens to provide an analysis of the terror of cultism in contemporary Nigeria.

K.H. Abdul Halim dan Gagasan Pendidikan Ekonomi Berbasis Pesantren

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Asep Saefullah
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Religious Organization ◽  
Education Economics ◽  
West Java ◽  
Political Activist ◽  
National Hero ◽  
Younger Generation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Economics And Politics

This paper discusses the biography of K.H. Abdul Halim, a cleric, educator, political activist, a national hero, who was born in Jatiwangi, Majalengka, West Java on June 26, 1887 and died on May 7, 1962, in a peaceful and quiet place, Santi Asromo, Majalengka. The title of the National Hero from the Government of Indonesia was granted on the basis of his important roles in education, economics and politics. Among his legacy are the religious educational institutions, namely Santi Asromo Pesantren, the religious organization of the Islamic Ummah Union (PUI), and several books such as the Kitab Petunjuk bagi Sekalian Manusia (Manual for Man), Ekonomi dan Koperasi dalam Islam (Economics and Cooperative in Islam), dan Ketetapan Pengajaran di Sekolah Ibtidaiyah Persyarikatan Ulama (The Teaching Decrees at Ibtidaiyah Persyarikatan Ulama School). His biography is a manifestation of appreciation for his services and works, his struggle and his devotion to science and people, as well as his role and contribution in building the nation of Indonesia with noble character and dignity. Another milestone of his is the value of the struggle and at the same time his Islamic scholarship can be an example for the younger generation in particular and for anyone who aspires to build a nation of Indonesia which is based on the Belief in One God, fair and civilized, united in the context of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). Keywords: Kiai, Education, Pesantren, Majalengka, West Java Tulisan ini mengangkat biografi K.H. Abdul Halim dan gagasannya tentang pendidikan ekonomi di pesantren. Ia memiliki nama kecil Otong Syatori, dikenal sebagai ulama pejuang, pendidik, dan aktivis politik. Ia dilahirkan di Desa Ciborelang, Kecamatan Jatiwangi, Majalengka, Jawa Barat, pada 26 Juni 1887, dan wafat dalam usia 75 tahun pada 7 Mei 1962, di Santi Asromo, Majalengka. Ia mendapat gelar Pahlawan Nasional dari Pemerintah RI tahun 2008. Perjuangannya meliputi pendidikan, ekonomi, dan politik. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah deskriptif-analitis dengan perspektif historis. Adapun fokusnya, selain biog¬rafi singkat K.H. Abdul Halim, juga tentang konsep pendidikan eko¬no¬mi berbasis pesantren. Dari hasil pembahasan ditemukan bahwa ia telah melakukan pembaharuan di bidang pendidikan agama dan sekaligus memberikan keterampilan kewirausahaan bagi santri dan lulusannya. Awalnya gagasan tersebut berasal dari konsep pembaharuannya yang disebut Iṣlāḥ as-Ṡamāniyyah, yaitu: perbaikan akidah, ibadah, pendidikan, keluarga, kebiasaan (adat), masyarakat, ekonomi, dan hubungan umat dan tolong-menolong. Di bidang pendidikan, ia memadukan sistem pesantren dengan sistem sekolah, ilmu-ilmu agama dengan ilmu-ilmu umum, serta memberkali para santrinya dengan berbagai keterampilan tangan dan keahlian teknik. Di bidang ekonomi, disebutnya dengan Iṣlāḥ al-Iqtiṣād, untuk menanggulangi ketimpangan ekonomi di masyarakat, yaitu dengan menanamkan kesadaran kepada kaum muslimin agar berusaha memperbai¬ki dan meningkatkan kehidupan ekonominya dan berjuang secara bersama-sama melalui wadah koperasi. Kata kunci: Abdul Halim, Santi Asromo, pendidikan ekonomi, Iṣlāḥ as-Ṡamāniyyah, Iṣlāḥ al-Iqtiṣād

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