scholarly journals Study of sorption properties of soils at the base of ash storage site of proposed SakhalinGRES-2

2017 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
V. I. Sergeev ◽  
M. L. Kuleshova ◽  
A. Yu. Bychkov ◽  
N. N. Danchenko ◽  
T. G. Shimko
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Model Solution ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Disposal Site ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Storage Site ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Ash Disposal

Sorption properties of the soil layer at the base of the ash disposal site of the Sakhalin GRES-2 at the design stage of the facility were determined. Water extracts of the ash from the coal that will be used at the facility were analyzed to identify the potential elements-pollutants able to migrate with atmospheric precipitation through the soil. The model solution was developed based on these data. The soil sorption capacity in relation to the identified pollutants and the level of their potential desorption have been determined in static and dynamic conditions.

scholarly journals Application of the Remote Interaction Effect and Molecular Imprinting in Sorption of Target Ions of Rare Earth Metals

Polymers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Talkybek Jumadilov ◽  
Ruslan Kondaurov ◽  
Aldan Imangazy
Keyword(s):  
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Model Solution ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted ◽  
Imprinted Polymers ◽  
Selective Sorption ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Remote Interaction

The goal of the present work is a comparative study of the effectiveness of the application of intergel systems and molecularly imprinted polymers for the selective sorption and separation of neodymium and scandium ions. The following physico-chemical methods of analysis were used in this study: colorimetry and atomic-emission spectroscopy. The functional polymers of polyacrylic acid (hPAA) and poly-4-vinylpyridine (hP4VP) in the intergel system undergo significant changes in the initial sorption properties. The remote interaction of the polymers in the intergel system hPAA–hP4VP provides mutual activation of these macromolecules, with subsequent transfer into a highly ionized state. The maximum sorption of neodymium and scandium ions is observed at molar ratios of 83%hPAA:17%hP4VP and 50%hPAA:50%hP4VP. Molecularly imprinted polymers MIP(Nd) and MIP(Sc) show good results in the sorption of Nd and Sc ions. Based on both these types of these macromolecular structures, principally new sorption methods have been developed. The method based on the application of the intergel system is cheaper and easier in application, but there is some accompanying sorption (about 10%) of another metal from the model solution during selective sorption and separation. Another method, based on the application of molecularly imprinted polymers, is more expensive and the sorption properties are higher, with the simultaneous sorption of the accompanying metal from the model solution.

scholarly journals The Soil Moisture during Dry Spells Model and Its Verification

Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Biniak-Pieróg ◽  
Mieczysław Chalfen ◽  
Andrzej Żyromski ◽  
Andrzej Doroszewski ◽  
Tomasz Jóźwicki
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Model Verification ◽  
Individual Measurement ◽  
Dry Spells ◽  
Dry Spell

The objective of this study was the development and verification of a model of soil moisture decrease during dry spells—SMDS. The analyses were based on diurnal information of the occurrence of atmospheric precipitation and diurnal values of soil moisture under a bare soil surface, covering the period of 2003–2019, from May until October. A decreasing exponential trend was used for the description of the rate of moisture decrease in six layers of the soil profile during dry spells. The least squares method was used to determine, for each dry spell and soil depth, the value of exponent α , which described the rate of soil moisture decrease. Data from the years 2003–2015 were used for the identification of parameter α of the model for each of the layers separately, while data from 2016–2019 were used for model verification. The mean relative error between moisture values measured in 2016–2019 and the calculated values was 3.8%, and accepted as sufficiently accurate. It was found that the error of model fitting decreased with soil layer depth, from 8.1% for the surface layer to 1.0% for the deepest layer, while increasing with the duration of the dry spell at the rate of 0.5%/day. The universality of the model was also confirmed by verification made with the use of the results of soil moisture measurements conducted in the years 2009–2019 at two other independent locations. However, it should be emphasized that in the case of the surface horizon of soil, for which the process of soil drying is a function of factors occurring in the atmosphere, the developed model may have limited application and the obtained results may be affected by greater errors. The adoption of calculated values of coefficient α as characteristic for the individual measurement depths allowed calculation of the predicted values of moisture as a function of the duration of a dry spell, relative to the initial moisture level adopted as 100%. The exponential form of the trend of soil moisture changes in time adopted for the analysis also allowed calculation of the duration of a hypothetical dry spell t, after which soil moisture at a given depth drops from the known initial moisture θ0 to the predicted moisture θ. This is an important finding from the perspective of land use.

Revegetation on a Coal Fine Ash Disposal Site in South Africa

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1479-1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Van Rensburg ◽  
R. I. De Sousa Correia ◽  
J. Booysen ◽  
M. Ginster
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Disposal Site ◽  
Coal Fine ◽  
Ash Disposal

SORPTION CAPACITY OF NATURAL FILTER EXISTING MATERIALS ON COPPER CATIONS

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4S) ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
Eugenia N KALJUKOVA ◽  
Elena V PAVLOVA
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Metal Cations ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Natural Sorbent ◽  
Natural Sorbents ◽  
Filter Materials ◽  
Model Solutions ◽  
Degree Of Extraction ◽  
Copper Cations

Investigated the sorption properties of natural sorption materials (dolomite and shungit) towards cations copper.Defined by the degree of extraction of metal cations of model solutions with the use of original and modified natural sorbents. Studied natural filter materials higher degree stump extraction of copper cations from solution was obtained by natural sorbent-dolomite.

STRUCTURE AND SORPTION PROPERTIES OF POROUS CARBON SORBENTS FROM ASPEN BARK

2019 ◽  
pp. 325-333
Author(s):  
Evgeniya Vladimirovna Veprikova ◽  
Ivan Petrovich Ivanov ◽  
Nikolay Vasil'yevich Chesnokov ◽  
Boris Nikolayevich Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Carbon Sorbents ◽  
Structure And Sorption Properties

The effect of temperature of aspen bark pre-carbonization on evolution of a porous structure and sorption properties of the carbon sorbents prepared in results of thermo alkaline activation of carbonizats with hydroxide potassium was studied.  The relationship of a sorption of methylene blue and vitamin B12 by the sorbents from aspen bark to a volume and size of pores was established. It was shown, that the carbon sorbents capacity at а methylene blue are defined by pores with width 0.86–2.95 nm, and at a vitamin B12 – 3.18–6.89 nm. Comparation of the porous structures parameters and sorption properties of the carbon sorbents from aspen bark and commercial activated carbon for medical purposes was maked. Kinetic of markers sorption onto sorbents with different porous structure was studied and the corresponding rate constants were calculated. The possibility preparation of a carbon sorbent have high rate of vitamin B12 sorption (rate constant is 3.953 min–1) was shown.  The determinations of a sorption capacity of sorbents in conditions assume at enterosorbents test were carry out. It was determined, that sorbents, prepped from aspen bark, exceeds the sample of industrial activated carbon for medical purposes at sorption capacity of methylene blue and vitamin B12 in 1.7 and 1.5 time, correspondingly.

scholarly journals Vertically Resolved Precipitation Intensity Retrieved Through a Synergy Between the Ground-Based NASA MPLNET Lidar Network Measurements, Surface Disdrometer Datasets and an Analytical Model Solution

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Lolli ◽  
Leo Pio D'Adderio ◽  
James R. Campbell ◽  
Michael Sicard ◽  
Ellsworth J. Welton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Space Flight ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Model Solution ◽  
Precipitation Intensity ◽  
Nasa Goddard Space ◽  
Intensity Measurements ◽  
Goddard Space Flight Center ◽  
Light Precipitation

In this paper we illustrate a new, simple and complementary ground-based methodology to retrieve the vertically resolved atmospheric precipitation intensity through a synergy between measurements from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Micropulse Lidar network (MPLNET), an analytical model solution and ground-based disdrometer measurements. The presented results are obtained at two mid-latitude MPLNET permanent observational sites, located respectively at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, USA, and at the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. The methodology is suitable to be applied to existing and/or future lidar/ceilometer networks with the main objective of either providing near-real time (3h latency) rainfall intensity measurements and/or to validate satellite missions, especially for critical light precipitation (<3 mm hr−1).

scholarly journals Theoretical justification of the main parameters of the coulter group of the sod seeder for strip sowing

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-331
Author(s):  
V. A. Sysuev ◽  
S. L. Demshin ◽  
D. A. Cheremisinov ◽  
M. S. Doronin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Theoretical Justification ◽  
Torsion Spring ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Compact Design

Increasing the efficiency of direct strip sowing of grass seeds by means of seeders with active furrow openers is possible when seed and fertilizer working bodies are removed from the zone of operation of disk milling cutters. A structural and technological scheme of the coulter group of the sod seeder for strip sowing is proposed, which consists of a milling furrow opener, fertilizer and seed coulters mounted on leashes in the form of torsion spring trailers, and a rolling roller. To ensure high quality multilevel sowing of grass seeds and granules of mineral fertilizers, it is necessary at the design stage to determine the length of the fertilizer coulter sides, which prevent premature shedding of soil from the furrow walls until the mineral fertilizer granules reach the bottom of the furrow, and the minimum allowable distance between the fertilizer and seed coulters, which allows to cover the granules of mineral fertilizers with soil completely while maintaining the compact design of the coulter group. In the course of theoretical research, mathematical dependences were obtained to determine the rational parameters and operating modes of the coulter group of the proposed design, which will ensure a minimum spread of mineral fertilizer granules over the depth of incorporation and a high stability of the soil layer thickness between mineral fertilizer granules and grass seeds. Rational parameters of the coulter group of the proposed design are determined for the range of operating speeds of the sod seeder for strip sowing: angle at the apex of the shank fertilizer coulter in the horizontal plane is 15-20º, the length of the fertilizer coulter sides is 0.040-0.045 m, the width of the fertilizer coulter bell is 0.02 m, minimum permissible distance between the fertilizer and seed coulters is 0.14-0.16 м.

scholarly journals Geological criteria for waste disposal site selection: a case study from Kanichadar, Dhangarhi, Far Western Nepal

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lila Nath Rimal ◽  
Bharat M. Jnawali ◽  
Surya Prakash Manandhar
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Suitable Condition ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Landfill Site ◽  
Disposal Site ◽  
Sanitary Landfill ◽  
Clay Layer ◽  
Clayey Silt ◽  
Organic Clay

Proper management of municipal solid waste in an environmentally friendly way needs first-hand knowledge of site geology. A clay layer (i.e. geological barrier) of sufficient thickness and extension beneath the surface is a suitable condition for a sanitary landfill site. The clay layer acts as a natural barrier against the migrating pollutants originating from leachate into the ground. The leachate generated at the landfill site can pollute the groundwater in absence of such geologic barrier. The Kanichadar area is underlain by about 3 m thick fine-grained soil. The topmost soil layer is 20-50 cm thick dark brown organic clay. There is a highly compact, dark brown and dry inorganic clayey silt layer of more than 1.5 m thickness below the organic clay layer. Soil samples collected from different Auger holes were subjected to laboratory analysis to determine their physical and chemical properties. The values thus obtained indicated that the soil belongs to 'CL' type, implying that the soil is inorganic clay of low to medium plasticity. However, the hydrometer analysis showed that the samples were of clayey silt. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) values obtained from the depth of 0.5-2.30 m revealed that the soil had moderate to high barrier potential for attenuation of the migrating pollutants. Therefore, the area close to these auger holes was found to be suitable for sanitary landfill.

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