Ukrainian Art of the Totalitarianism Epoch: the Case of the “Zhovten” Association

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
U. Melnykova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Sharp Change ◽  
Dramatic Reduction ◽  
Artistic Style ◽  
Artistic Value ◽  
Stalin Era ◽  
Revolutionary Art ◽  
Litmus Test ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The present article focuses on the transformation of style and sense of Ukrainian art in the 1930s, in the context of the “Zhovten” Association designers’ creativity. Ideological pressure became determinant in the work of Ukrainian artists. Period of repressions led to decay of art in general, and dramatic reduction in style directions. Industrialization in the USSR, carried out in the 1930s, and measures to accelerate the development of industry were the main themes imposed on artists. Ideologically biased theoretical foundations of the new artistic style typical for the 1930s were clearly manifested in the declaration of the “Zhovten” Association. The ranks of this association, founded in 1930, included some former members of the Association of Revolutionary Art of Ukraine and the Association of Contemporary Artists of Ukraine. The theory spelled out in the declaration of unification was significantly ahead of its practical implementation, the artists themselves gradually switched to new forms and content in their works, without breaking ties with the national and European school. The “Zhovten” Association became a true litmus test of those phenomena that dominated in the art of the Stalin era. At the same time, it crossed out all the achievements of the associations-predecessors, creating a version of the all-Union ideologically engaged associations in Ukraine. A sharp change took place in the artistic environment when the question of form ceased to be a vital topic. The attention was focused on the content of artworks. The ostentatious elated mood of works of art hid the realities of the time like a screen. It camouflaged serious constraint in artistic statements, offering the only “correct” chartered way forward that made it impossible for any artist to make their own graphic statements. A tangible ideological pressure prompted the artists to abandon their creative originality, and strive for maximum realism. They added cliché images to their works: portraits of ideologists, workers, flags, Soviet symbols, and the like. At the same time, the authors lost their creative identities, and their artworks were deprived of any artistic value.

Indicators for Monitoring Implementation of EU Equality Directives

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-471
Author(s):  
Emma Lantschner
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Regular Monitoring ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Comparative Review

Abstract The present article discusses the usefulness of indicators in monitoring not only the legal transposition but also the practical implementation of the two Equality Directives adopted in 2000. It focuses on those provisions of the Directives which have assigned a particular role to ngos, both in reacting to discrimination as well as in preventing discrimination and promoting equality. Indicators have been developed on the basis of a comparative review of transposition and implementation, including case studies on Romania, Hungary and Croatia. Considering the great potential of ngos in contributing to achieve the aims of the Directives and the current worrying trends as to how they are supported in (or obstructed from) taking up their role, the article proposes using these indicators not only in the pre-accession context but also for regular monitoring of all EU member states.

scholarly journals System approach for Digital History

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Nikolay Bystritskiy
Keyword(s):  
System Approach ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Digital Form ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Digital History ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Clear Presentation

Present advanced capabilities for information storage and a clear presentation, uncover the possibility of accumulation in digital form large volumes of historical data. For this purpose, it is necessary to establish the theoretical foundations and principles of formalization and presentation of historical knowledge. This paper presents the description and experience of practical implementation of the developed methods for formalization and analysis of historical data sources.

scholarly journals On the theoretical foundations and historical development of radical Islam as a political ideology

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-105
Author(s):  
Sergey B. Margulis
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
Research Area ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
The Political ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Radical Islam ◽  
True Meaning ◽  
The One ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The purpose of this article is the analysis of the theoretical foundations of radical Islamism as a political ideology and consideration of the main historical stages of its formation, on the examples of specific religious and political figures. The article presents the main principles of the theorists of radical Islam, on the ideological basis of which there are modern extremist groups such as “Islamic State”, “Al-Qaeda”, “Hizbut-Tahrir” and many others.The author addresses the Koran and the collection of Hadiths “Musnad” by Ahmad ibn Hanbal, as well as the works of Ibn Taymiyyah, Ibn Wahhab, Hassan al-Banna, Seyyid Kutub, Abu al-Al Al-Maududi, etc., as well as the works of local and foreign scholars in this research area. The article is divided into two main parts, the first of which is devoted to the basic postulates of radical Islam, the second is focused on their practical implementation in the political practice of Muslim States. The author came to the conclusion that throughout the history Islamic radicalis periodically received a substantial distribution as one of the answers of the Muslim world, on the one hand, to external pressure, and on the other to the processes happening within itself that a certain group of “zealots” interpreted as the deviation from the true meaning of the religion.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF BRANDS’ PORTFOLIO POSITIONING OF DOMESTIC ENTERPRISES

Management ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
Pavlo M. Dudko
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Brand Management ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Brand Positioning ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Brand Portfolio ◽  
Brand Portfolios ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Introduction. Nowadays, the development of the economy of Ukraine is a demonstration of the trend towards globalization and the necessity for enterprises, including greater understanding, to give more nutrition to the form and brand development.Hypothesis of scientific research. The management of brands’ portfolio positioning should not be based only on trademarks, which belong to an enterprise, but also on the construction of molecule of brands portfolio, which affect on the decision of the consumer independently of holding them, that allows the increasement of the validity of proper brand in the eyes of consumer.Aim of this research is the extension of the theoretical foundations and the development of science-and-practical recommendations, which is followed by the complete management of the brand portfolio.Methods of investigation: The following tools: (goal setting, information and marketing communications; marketing research); models, methods and techniques (traditional methods of statistics, analysis, marketing) modeling; model of brand code and mental fields according to T. Ged; naming techniques); the method of generalization of information, the result of which is the development of the brand / brands, the formation of the portfolio; formation of a brand beech were used in the study.Results of research. Based on the analysis of portfolio concepts in brand management, the essence of the brand portfolio as a set of brands that make up the brand carrier and affect the associated position in the perception of the consumer, regardless of ownership of the company is precised. The meaning "brand carrier" refers to a product, brand, enterprise, organization, person or character associated in the minds of consumers with a certain distinctive quality.Conclusions: Approaches to the formation of brand portfolios, which can be centric (based on the hierarchy of brands and based on systems / networks of brands) and invariant – based on the "molecule" of the portfolio. The model of the organization of management of a brand which includes principles, the purpose, tasks, essence of management and directions of works is formed. Systematized principles of brand management, which we divide into general and specific. Methodical approaches to brand management on the basis of brand positioning are studied, it is established that the method of brand management on the basis of brand positioning should be understood as a way of its practical implementation, then the method is a set of methods and techniques of its appropriate application.

Substate Nationalism

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-193
Author(s):  
Yoram Gorlizki ◽  
Oleg Khlevniuk
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
The Political ◽  
Party Membership ◽  
Ethnic Mobilization ◽  
Cultural Autonomy ◽  
Stalin Era ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Litmus Test ◽  
Formal Recognition

This chapter shows how formal recognition by the Soviet state of ethnolinguistic elites and cultures created opportunities for republican leaders to negotiate the problems of authoritarian control and authoritarian power sharing through ethnic mobilization. It looks at the early post-Stalin era that witnessed various campaigns to raise the political or cultural autonomy of national groups. The chapter describes the campaigns that rode on the coattails of the center's policy of reinvigorated indigenization and designed to promote ethnoterritorial elites and cultures. It talks about the litmus test of nationalism, in which an ethnoterritorial elite presented its interests as being opposed not only to those of other ethnoterritorial groups but also to those of the Soviet Union as a whole. It also explains ethnic mobilization that meant going over the heads of the party membership and appealing to the wider titular ethnic group.

scholarly journals INNOVATIVE CODES OF THE LANGUAGE OF STAGE ART OF EUGENIY BAGRATIONOVICH VAKHTANGOV ON THE MATERIAL OF PERFORMANCES OF THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Alexey A. Fedorov
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Artistic Style ◽  
Theater Companies ◽  
Youth Theater ◽  
Language Style ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Fantastic Realism

The creative work presented at the International intramural and extramural festival competition of youth theater companies - “Prometheus of a Rukh” - “Spirit of Prometheus” became a threshold of the present article, devoted to the Year of theater in Russia and to the 100 anniversary from the date of the birth of the National poet of Bashkortostan, the playwright Mustaya Karim, and gained the diploma of the Winner of the First degree. In the present work, as part of the creative path, the practice and theorist of the field of art of Eugeniy Bagrationovich Vakhtangov, the language of fantastic realism as the language of artistic theatre is studied. The starting point of the research is to establish the elements of the language of conditional theater based on scenographic, acting and directing decisions in Vakhtangov's performances. For this purpose, the author makes a retrospective appeal to the director's performances. In the analysis of the chosen performances, the artistic deals with innovative instrumentation of Vakhtangov’s theatre language, which formed the director 's own understanding of the artistic style of the theatre as fantastic realism. Elements of the theatrical language of the most significant performances are considered: “Peace Holiday”, “Cricket on an oven”, “Eric XIV”, “Gadibuk” and “Princess Turandot”. Based on the sources in which the performances are described, the Vakhtangov theatre language (style) is analyzed. As a result, descriptive definitions of the concepts of Vakhtangov style and fantastic realism are given. Interfacing analysis with the basic provisions of the concept of fantastic realism, elements of the language of conditional theatre are combined into a single table, which is one of the main results of the work. The work is written within the framework of the project XI.170.1.2. (0325-2017-0013), № АААА-А17-117022250128-5.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF TECHNOLOGY BRAIN-COMPUTER INTERFACE

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ya. Kaplan ◽  
A. G. Kochetova ◽  
S. L. Shishkin ◽  
I. A. Basyul ◽  
I. P. Ganin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
Brain Computer Interface ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorders ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Critical Fields ◽  
Technological Base ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

Technology brain-computer interface (BCI) allow saperson to learn how to control external devices via thevoluntary regulation of own EEG directly from the brain without the involvement in the process of nerves and muscles. At the beginning the main goal of BCI was to replace or restore motor function to people disabled by neuromuscular disorders. Currently, the task of designing the BCI increased significantly, more capturing different aspects of life a healthy person. This article discusses the theoretical, experimental and technological base of BCI development and systematized critical fields of real implementation of these technologies.

scholarly journals Theoretical foundations of the improvement of public service in the Republic of Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
Sergey S. Dontsov ◽  
Akmaral S. Kadyrova ◽  
Saule A. Rakhimova ◽  
Ainash A. Nurgaliyeva ◽  
Madina K. Karimbergenova
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Strategic Issues ◽  
New Public ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Social Organizational ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The article discusses the theoretical foundations of an effective organization of public service, which is a system of modern knowledge about the formation and development of public service as a social phenomenon, its types, mission, principles, functions and models. A number of ideas that are appropriate to use in the process of reforming and further improving the country's public service are analyzed. An extended concept of public service is proposed as a system of social institutions: legal, social, organizational, political, economic and moral. Improvement of professional managerial activities is aimed at ensuring that public servants combine knowledge, skills and abilities in a specific professional area (economist, lawyer, engineer, etc.) with knowledge, skills and abilities of public administration. It is noted that further development of the theoretical foundations of public service requires using the achievements of all management-related sciences and their theoretical conceptualization. The basis of practical recommendations for improving public service in the Republic of Kazakhstan is an analysis of positive international experience concerning transition from traditional forms of public administration to “the new public administration” involving the delegation of some of its functions to market structures and a focus on key strategic issues. The development of a service approach to the provision of public services, an increase in efficiency, flexibility, and transparency of public administration and a closer connection with citizens who use public services are recommended. Practical implementation of “the new public administration” in our country is proposed to be implemented through the introduction of such models as “marketbased”, “participating”, “flexible” and “deregulated”. One of the fundamental principles for the development of Kazakhstan's public service should be meritocracy.

scholarly journals We are all in it!: Phenomenological Qualitative Research and Embeddedness

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 160940692199530
Author(s):  
Jakob Emiliussen ◽  
Søren Engelsen ◽  
Regina Christiansen ◽  
Søren Harnow Klausen
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Phenomenological Research ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Practical Implications

In recent decades, phenomenological concepts and methodological ideals have been adopted by qualitative researchers. Several influential strands of what we will refer to as Phenomenological Research (PR) have emerged. We will call into question whether PR has been sufficiently sensitive to the issue of the prerequisites, or basic conditions, for doing phenomenological research. The practical implementation of phenomenological key concepts is important in working with phenomenology as a research methodology. Core concepts such as “bracketing” seems to be particularly important in PR. The question we would like to raise is not whether “bracketing” is possible, or to what extent, nor how it should be understood. Rather, we wish to illuminate the prerequisites for bracketing itself. We believe that a fuller recognition of the embeddedness of research practices like PR does have some broadly practical implications, which we shall expand upon in the present article.

scholarly journals The Story of a Re-Operating Windmill

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Enikő Bitay ◽  
László Márton ◽  
János Talpas
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Grinding Speed ◽  
Grain Milling ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

Abstract Research on the history of the development of grain milling structures is a priority topic of the Department of Technical Sciences of the Transylvanian Museum Association. Quite a few publications and study volumes contain the results of the research. The present dissertation presents another grinding structure, the windmill, its reconstruction, creating a connection between the theoretical foundations and the practical implementation. Although it was built as a museum and tourist object, it is also a significant work from the point of view of technical history. The Felsőszentiván windmill is powered by a 14-meter-diameter windmill. The mill has a two-stage accelerator gear that increases the low, non-grinding speed of the wind turbine for the rotation typical of grindstone mills. The upper stones of a pair of grindstones rest on a vertical axis, and by raising this the gap between the stones can be adjusted. This determines the particle size of the grind. The windmill consists of three functional parts: a windmill, an accelerator gear and a grain mill made up of a pair of grindstones.

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