scholarly journals WORKERS' RIGHT TO HEALTH AS A RIGHT TO WELL-BEING

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Antonella D'Andrea
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Right ◽  
Productivity And Competitiveness

Work and well-being are closely related since the quality of working conditions and prospects have a direct impact on the individual's level of well-being. Economic development must necessarily consider the well-being dimension, because of its direct connection with productivity and competitiveness. The first commitment to achieving a global well-being strategy was made taken by the World Health Organization, but the same principles can be to be found in the social rights pillar of the European Union. In Italy in any case, the Constitution of 1948 already establishes the pursuit of the full development of the human person and, in it, establishing the right to health, understood as a state of psychophysical well-being. Actually, in the digital society, the worker enabled to work from any place and at any time thanks to technological devices, enjoys a greater autonomy in their working activity. However, the intensive use of new technologies is likely to have ambiguous and even contradictory effects.

scholarly journals RIGHT TO HEALTH IN INDIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Ramakanta Satapathy ◽  
Bikram Kumar Das
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
The People ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Right ◽  
Organized Action

<p>Right to health is recognized by the constitution of India. The Constitution of World Health Organization states that, “Health is a State of Complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of diseases or infirmity.” Right to health presupposes that, “ it is the duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and standard of living of the people for good health. The apex court of India declared that Right to health is a fundamental right coming within Article 21 of the Indian Constitution. Right to health and health care needs multi-disciplinary services to monitor health condition of life. It is a huge task requires effective management and organized action.  In this article an attempt is made to introspect the right to health within the constitutional parameters, international provisions and judicial decisions of Supreme Court. In this work doctrinal method is adopted to draw the conclusion. </p>

Happiness as an Expression of Health

2022 ◽  
pp. 311-332
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Andrade de Carvalho ◽  
Jorge Lima de Magalhães
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
Legal Interventions

Health gained a global prominence and became a right declared by the World Health Organization in 1948. In the 21st century, it is understood as a complete well-being of the individual, far beyond the absence of disease. In this context, the right to happiness translates as an expression of the aspirations for the realization of the right to health. Thus, this chapter aims to understand, in the light of the Freudian perspective, the aspects of soul life that lead the individual to the exhausting task of seeking happiness and seeks to reflect the possible contributions that legal science can offer to the improvement of individual well-being as a right health in the context of global health. Freud's theories about the formation of the psychic apparatus, his conception of malaise caused by culture and legal interventions that can possibly contribute to the reduction of individual unhappiness are presented.

scholarly journals THE CHALLENGE OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN GLOBAL HEALTH IN PANDEMIC TIME

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Jorge Magalhães
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Right

In 1948, with the creation of the World Health Organization (WHO), the Right to Health gained a little more global prominence, since the very purpose of the international entity is to guarantee the highest level of health for all human beings, advocating that the state of physical and mental well-being does not only consist in the absence of diseases or illnesses, but mainly when a set of values and principles are established and available to all individuals, anywhere on the planet (WHO | The Right to Health, 2012). Health in this new millennium must be seen as a global problem. The globalization of health is a good for which we must work in an explicit and programmed way, as it becomes a desirable social purpose, either for its intrinsic value or as a symbol of the predominance of human values over other interests (Oliveira & Cutolo, 2018). In a global context with rapid changes in the disease patterns, the best understanding of the Health context is to consider the broad spectrum of the ecosystem containing the social, economic determinants of health and the diversity of institutional agents, given the considerable change in the global health scenario in recent years (Kickbusch & Berger, 2010). The conception that health should be seen from a comprehensive and plural perspective brings other aspects closer to its effectiveness.

scholarly journals Lebanon Cities’ Public Spaces

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Nazzal ◽  
Samer Chinder
Keyword(s):  
Green Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
World Health ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Social Connections ◽  
Land Prices ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

In Lebanon, the social connections are undeniable and crucial. However, meeting places remain private such as houses, restaurants, malls, and beach resorts. This is mainly due to the shortage of public spaces in Lebanon resulting from lack of planning, regulations and awareness around the right to the city and the importance of public spaces. In main cities where land prices are so expensive, common practice has prioritized the use of land in real estate development, thus trumping other uses such as public and communal spaces.In the late 1990s, Lebanon saw the emergence of malls, which have arguably acted as alternatives to public spaces. Malls, with their wealth of food courts, restaurants, cinemas, and play areas, have become the new downtown for a portion of the Lebanese population. They are also considered safe, which is another important factor.In 2015, the percentage of green spaces in Lebanon has decreased to less than 13%. While the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a minimum of 9m2 of green space per capita (UN-HABITAT, 2016), Beirut has only 0.8m2.

scholarly journals THE HUMAN RIGHT TO HEALTH: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS AFTER 70 YEARS OF INTERNATIONAL RECOGNITION

2018 ◽  
pp. 24-42
Author(s):  
MARÍA DALLI
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

In 1948, the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted the first international text recognising universal human rights for all; the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Article 25 recognises the right to an adequate standard of living, which includes the right to health and medical care. On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the Declaration, this article presents an overview of the main developments that have been made towards understanding the content and implications of the right to health, as well as an analysis of some specific advancements that aim to facilitate the enforcement thereof. These include: a) the implication of private entities as responsible for right to health obligations; b) the Universal Health Coverage goal, proposed by the World Health Organization and included as one of the Sustainable Development Goals; and c) the individual complaints mechanism introduced by the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (adopted on the 10th December 2008, 60 years after the UDHR).

The scale of the problem

Psychiatry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca McKnight ◽  
Jonathan Price ◽  
John Geddes
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Health Organization

One in four individuals suffer from a psychiatric disorder at some point in their life, with 15– 20 per cent fitting cri­teria for a mental disorder at any given time. The latter corresponds to around 450 million people worldwide, placing mental disorders as one of the leading causes of global morbidity. Mental health problems represent five of the ten leading causes of disability worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported in mid 2016 that ‘the global cost of mental illness is £651 billion per year’, stating that the equivalent of 50 million working years was being lost annually due to mental disorders. The financial global impact is clearly vast, but on a smaller scale, the social and psychological impacts of having a mental dis­order on yourself or your family are greater still. It is often difficult for the general public and clin­icians outside psychiatry to think of mental health dis­orders as ‘diseases’ because it is harder to pinpoint a specific pathological cause for them. When confronted with this view, it is helpful to consider that most of medicine was actually founded on this basis. For ex­ample, although medicine has been a profession for the past 2500 years, it was only in the late 1980s that Helicobacter pylori was linked to gastric/ duodenal ul­cers and gastric carcinoma, or more recently still that the BRCA genes were found to be a cause of breast cancer. Still much of clinical medicine treats a patient’s symptoms rather than objective abnormalities. The WHO has given the following definition of mental health:… Mental health is defined as a state of well- being in which every individual realizes his or her own po­tential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community.… This is a helpful definition, because it clearly defines a mental disorder as a condition that disrupts this state in any way, and sets clear goals of treatment for the clinician. It identifies the fact that a disruption of an individual’s mental health impacts negatively not only upon their enjoyment and ability to cope with life, but also upon that of the wider community.

scholarly journals A Política Internacional da Saúde: a UNITAID e o acesso a medicamentos | The International Politics of Health: UNITAID and access to medicines

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 03-10
Author(s):  
Celso Luiz Nunes Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Patent Protection ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Access To Medicines ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hiv Aids

O direito à saúde é um direito fundamental. Várias iniciativas no âmbito da Assembleia Geral da ONU e no Conselho de Direitos Humanos reforçam esse pensamento. Neste particular, a criação da UNITAID, em 2006, foi uma forma de facilitar o acesso a medicamentos a populações mais pobres utilizando fontes inovadoras de financiamento. A instituição, hospedada pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), busca melhores formas de prevenir, tratar e diagnosticar o HIV/AIDS, a tuberculose e a malária de forma mais rápida, eficaz e acessível, buscando conciliar a discussão de patentes com o direito inalienável à saúde. O artigo analisa o processo político e as negociações que levaram à Declaração de Doha sobre TRIPS e Saúde Pública, cuja importância é destacada, entre outros, pelos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável aprovado por todos os Chefes de Estado das Nações Unidas.ABSTRACTThe right to health is a fundamental, inalienable human right. A number of initiatives within the UN General Assembly and the Human Rights Council reinforce this concept. Established in 2006 and hosted by the World Health Organization (WHO), UNITAID is engaged in finding new ways to prevent, treat and diagnose HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria more quickly, more cheaply and more effectively. It plays an important role in the global effort to defeat these lethal diseases, by facilitating and speeding up the availability of improved health tools and trying to reconcile patent protection with the right to health.  The article analyzes the political process and the negotiations which led up to the Doha Declaration on TRIPS and Public Health, whose importance – among others – is highlighted on the Sustainable Development Objectives approved by all United Nations Heads of State.Palavras-chave: UNITAID, acesso a medicamentos, saúde global, TRIPS, Doha.Keywords: UNITAID, access to medicines, global health, TRIPS, Doha.DOI: 10.12957/rmi.2016.27034Recebido em 28 de dezembro de 2016 | Received on December 28, 2016.

scholarly journals THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND THE MENTAL HEALTH OF STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madona Kekelia ◽  
Eliso Kereselidze ◽  
Ina Shanava
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Policies And Measures ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Mental Wellness ◽  
Health Organization

The disease COVID-19, caused by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), was first detected in Wuhan, China in late December 2019, and, due to its high degree of virulence, it has spread rapidly around the world ever since. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization descried the situation as a pandemic, and in March 2020, a state of emergency was declared in Georgia. To limit the spread of the virus “lockdown” was ordered and, except in emergencies, the population was restricted from leaving home, the learning process in educational institutions was suspended, and all sorts of gatherings and public transport were put off. In these circumstances, as well as the risks associated with deteriorating health and economic problems, students also found themselves in a difficult situation in terms of getting access to education, caused by the transition to distance learning. The social category of students is characterized by an active lifestyle, a wide range of relationships and contacts. In consequence of the social distancing policies and measures implemented across the country to slow the spread of the virus, the reduction in contacts has given rise to feelings of loneliness and depression. The entire situation is likely to negatively affect the psychological well-being of students. It has been proven that high levels of stress among students are associated with low mental wellness, which in turn, may lead to poor academic performance and the emergence of social and psychological problems. Based on the abovestated, the aim of the present paper was to establish a link between the indicators of loneliness, depression and psychological well-being with students in the context of constraints caused by the COVID pandemic. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4), Loneliness Scale (UCLA) and Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWBS) were used for the purpose. Analysis of the results revealed that depression, anxiety and loneliness have a negative bearing on psychological well-being. The differences were analyzed in obedience to demographic characteristics.

Challenges to the Fundamental Rights and Freedoms Including Patient Rights During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey

2022 ◽  
pp. 124-147
Author(s):  
Maral Törenli Çakıroğlu
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
Patient Rights ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Experience Effects ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Fundamental Rights And Freedoms ◽  
The Right

The COVID-19 virus, which first appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and spread quickly to the whole world in a few months, was defined as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on 12 March 2020. This process has inevitably brought along problems in many areas, including health, education, social, economics, law, psychology, politics, and international relations. The pandemic era is a period when we appreciate more than ever how valuable our fundamental rights and freedoms are. Of these rights, the right to health and patient rights are significantly adversely impacted. This chapter will evaluate human rights, especially patient rights, mostly affected during this pandemic period in Turkey. This chapter further presents that other states are also continuing to experience effects of the pandemic. Both Turkey and other states must be prepared for the patients to properly benefit from the healthcare system in future outbreaks and pandemics. Otherwise, human and patient rights will continue to suffer.

scholarly journals Effects of physical activity and exercise on well-being in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Marques de Abreu ◽  
Roberta Andrade de Souza ◽  
Livia Gomes Viana-Meireles ◽  
J. Landeira-Fernandez ◽  
Alberto Filgueiras
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Isolation Period

AbstractBackgroundA disease discovered in China, COVID-19, was characterized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic in March 2020. Many countries in the world implemented social isolation as a strategy to contain the virus transmission. The same physical distancing which protects society from COVID-19 from spreading may have an impact on the mental health and well-being of the population This study aims to shed some light on this phenomenon by assessing the relationship between physical activity and SWB among individuals in the social isolation period of COVID-19.MethodsData were collected in Brazil between March 31st and April 2nd, 2020. All volunteers agreed to participate by digitally checking the option of agreement right after reading the Consent Terms. The inclusion criteria were participants over 18 years old who had been in social isolation for at least one week and agreed to the Consent Terms. Three instruments were used: a questionnaire was built for this study which aimed to assess the participants’ exercise routine. The second instrument called Psychosocial Aspects, Well-being and Exercise in Confinement (PAWEC) was also created by these researchers and aimed to assess the relationship between well-being and physical activity during the social isolation period. And the third measure was the Brazilian Portuguese-adapted version of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS).FindingsA total of 592 participants reported being in social isolation for an average of 14.4 (SD=3.3) days. The amount of participants who reported strength training as exercise increased from 31 (5.2%) before isolation to 82 (13.9%) during quarantine. The study shows that well-being related to the practice of physical activity during quarantine is linked to an established routine of physical activity prior to the social isolation period.InterpretationPeople who already practiced physical activity feel more motivated to continue practicing during this period and this causes the appearance of positive affects, unlike people who are only now starting to exercise; according to the study, negative aspects can occur for those who are only just starting. In a period of social isolation, it is important that the practice of physical activity is closer to previous habits, also finding that an obligation to exercise during this period when this was not a reality for the person can contribute to an increase in malaise.

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