scholarly journals KECENDERUNGAN IDEOLOGIS TAFSIR KHILĀFAH DALAM AL-QUR’AN; ANALISIS TERHADAP PENAFSIRAN TĀHIR IBNU ‘ASHŪR DAN TAQIY AL-DĪN AL-NABHĀNĪ

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-178
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nabil
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
The State ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Complete Interpretation ◽  
Good Deeds

This article discusses the insight of the khilāfah in the perspective of Ibn Ashur and Taqī al-Dīn al-Nabhānī. This article departs from the problem that the khilāfah discourse continues to be a polemic among interpreters, especially when the khilāfah is associated with the state. From this problem, this article will discuss the concept of khilāfah in the perspective of T}āhir Ibn Ashur and Taqiy al-Dīn al-Nabhāni. Although al-Nabhānī does not have a complete interpretation work like Ibn Ashur, he does interpret the khilāfah verses contained in his works. Both are sunni figures, although in their attitude towards the problems of the state and khilafah they are different. This article questions how Ibn Ashur and al-Nabhāni view the interpretation of the khilāfah verse? And what are the implications of the two interpretations of the Indonesian context? By using a thematic interpretation approach and discourse analysis of the two interpretive works, this study comes to the conclusion that; (1) khilāfah according to Ibn Ashur is the name of leadership that embodies the leadership of the prophet. while Taqiy al-Dīn al-Nabhānī stated that the khilāfah of the leadership system of Muslims throughout the world is to uphold Islamic law and carry Islamic preaching to all corners of the world. The difference between the two figures in understanding the caliphate is, first, the arguments used by Ibn 'Ashūr emphasize more on aspects that are prerequisites for the Caliph in his khilafah, such as those who believe and do good deeds do justice, while Taqiy al-Dīn al-Nabhānī is more leads to the obligation to obey and practice what Allah commands, and the obligation to establish a caliphate. Second, that both of them have differences in the realm of ideology, of course this will have little or much impact on the frame of mind of the two figures, so what the authors find that distinguishes the two figures is that Ibn 'Ashur is more moderate than Taqiyuddin An-Nabahni.

scholarly journals GUARANTOR OF NATIONAL VALUES

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 490-493
Author(s):  
B. Smanov ◽  
◽  
А. Smanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
National Values ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Good Deeds

This year marks the twenty-fifth anniversary of the adoption of the Basic law. Since the adoption of this important document, many good deeds have been done in our country and many issues have been resolved. This is evidenced by the entire public of the Republic, the peoples of all countries of the world, supporting our achievements. The Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the Foundation and source of all legal documents and legislative acts of Kazakhstan. All legal principles and conclusions follow from the Basic law of our country, they are based on articles and paragraphs of the Constitution. In the proposed article, special importance is attached to changes in the twenty-five years since the introduction of the basic law of the country, the features of sectoral laws and their place in society. Here, special attention is paid to the spiritual values of our people, and the state of legal support for national goods is comprehensively analyzed.

scholarly journals اسلامی تصورِ احتساب اور عدلیہ پر اس کا اطلاق

Al-Duhaa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 67-80
Author(s):  
Kh. Awais Ahmed Khawaja ◽  
Muhammad Arif Khan ◽  
Dr.Uzma Begum
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right

Accountability has a very significant role in Islamic law. The process of accountability is very important for the amelioration of the state, society, family, and individual in the world. Some orders are issued for rectification and some matters are ordered to be avoided. The execution of these prohibited acts leads to accountability in society. Furthermore, many people are given powers to carry out the affairs of the state, the misuse of which can lead to great catastrophe. Hence, it is very critical to hold accountable those who hold these positions from time to time. One of these influential positions is that of the judiciary to which the Islamic concept of accountability is very substantial. Now the question is, what is the concept of accountability in Islam? And what was the exercise of accountability of the judiciary in the Qur'an and Hadith and Islamic history? This matter will be discussed in this manuscript. This research will refer to the introduction of accountability using authoritative citations to illustrate the Islamic concept of accountability, its sources, and strategies. How did accountability apply to the judiciary in Islamic history? Specimens are also included in this study and will be discussed. The importance of this research and its results will be disclosed in the conclusion. We will know that Islamic law has comprehensive laws of accountability, and how this sector has been kept on the right track by applying the law of accountability to the judiciary in the past.

scholarly journals Religious Conscience or Religious Freedom? The Difference between Official Constitutional Norms and Actual Legal Restrictions in Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 117-142
Author(s):  
Amal Idrissi
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Freedom Of Religion ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
Moroccan Family ◽  
Legal Restrictions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Family Code

Abstract This paper will consider the extent to which two competing norms—freedom of religion, on the one hand, and Islam as the religion of the state, on the other—are in tension with each other as seen through the lens of three Muslim-majority countries in the Maghreb. I examine this potential tension in four steps: first, the transformation of meaning of the Arabic word “hurriyya” (freedom) during and after the 19th century; second, the articulation of Islam as the religion of the state in the constitutions of Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia; third, the articulation of freedom of religion (whether freedom of worship or conscience) in the constitutional texts of these three countries, and finally, the question whether the laws and practices that implement these two constitutional norms are compatible or whether they in fact give priority to Islam as the state religion over the norm of freedom of religion. In Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia, Islam plays an important role in the legal system, especially in family codes: the Moroccan Family Code (2004), the Algerian Family Code (2016), and the Tunisian Personal Status Code (1957). These are the remaining citadels most implicated with references to Islamic law, the interpretation of which has placed women in an unequal position.

Trust shifting as a reaction to pandemic: Cross country analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-33
Author(s):  
Tamara Merkulova ◽  
Kateryna Kononova
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Fragile States ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
State Fragility ◽  
Stable Factor ◽  
The World ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Stability

Governance systems all over the world are coming under huge stress. Nowadays, two factors become crucial in the fight against the pandemic and its negative consequences: the state's ability to withstand stress in the economy and society; and civil support and approval of the governments' anti-crisis actions. This study aims to recognize the difference in stress response in different countries of the world. As a criterion for such a response, we consider the level of trust to governments in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. The Fragile States Index was used as a measure of the state fragility, and the indices of trust were used as indicators of the people's reaction. The study showed that there is no correlation between 1) the trust in the government and the fragility of the state; 2) the support for government actions during the pandemic and the trust to the government before the pandemic. The clustering of countries by the set of indices of trust and fragility showed that the clusters' means support both the assumptions of a direct and an inverse relationship between trust and state resistance to stress. In response to quarantine measures, we see multidirectional trends in both stable and fragile states: trust can grow, fall, or remain unchanged. However, in stronger states, the tendency to an increase in trust is stronger, while in weaker states - to its fall, which confirms the thesis that in crisis the weak weakens and the strong strengthens. The results of the analyses provide arguments in favor of the following. The stability of the state does not guarantee the high trust of citizens and support for its actions during a crisis, and high trust is not a stable factor of high support for government actions. At the same time, it can be expected that the positive reaction of citizens to government measures (increased trust) will be more significant than disappointment (loss of trust).

scholarly journals Modelling Perjury: Between Trust and Blame

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Skoczeń
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Mental States ◽  
The State ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Likert Scales ◽  
Jury Instructions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference

AbstractI investigate: (1) to what extent do folk ascriptions of lying differ between casual and courtroom contexts? (2) to what extent does motive (reason) to lie influence ascriptions of trust, mental states, and lying judgments? (3) to what extent are lying judgments consistent with previous ascriptions of communicated content? Following the Supreme Court’s Bronston judgment, I expect: (1) averaged lying judgments to be similar in casual and courtroom contexts; (2) motive to lie to influence levels of trust, mental states ascriptions, and patterns of lying judgments; (3) retrospective judgments of lying, after being presented with the state of the world, to be inconsistent with previous judgments of communicated content: participants hold the protagonist responsible for content she did not communicate. I performed a survey experiment on the Qualtrics platform. Participants were recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk (N = 630). I employed standard Likert scales and forced-choice questions. I found that: (1) average lying judgments are similar in casual and courtroom contexts; (2) motive to lie decreases trust ascription and increases lying judgment; (3) judgments of lying are inconsistent with previous judgments of communicated content: participants hold the protagonist responsible for content they did not communicate (effect size of the difference d = .69). Perjury ascriptions are inconsistent. The Supreme Court’s worries expressed in the Bronston judgment are well founded. This article helps reforming jury instructions in perjury cases.

scholarly journals MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL RISK TO ECONOMIC POLICY IN INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Yoseva Maria Pujirahayu Sumaji
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
The State ◽  
Real Effective Exchange Rate ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference

The world of economy is in a state of uncertainty as shown by the improvement in the projected growth of the world by international institutions. The state of development of the world economy is flutuative due to declining economic growth of developed and developing countries, lower commodity prices, and the difference in direction between monetary and fiscal policy. The development of the world economy can be seen from the Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) indicator, which sees the exchange rate as a measure of the state of the world economy. This can attract investors to invest in Indonesia due to good REER conditions. REER can be used as one of the reference by investors to make investment decisions in the company that will later affect the company's decision-making. Decision-making will determine how far the company will experience the financial risks that will be set up in risk management. There are 120 non-financial companies registered with IDX Indonesia. The sampling techniques in this study used nonprobability sampling. The inferential statistical analysis conducted in this study is through classic assumption tests, regression analysis, mediation tests and hypothesis tests. The results of the study showed that the Risk Measurement of Economic Policy in Indonesia had a significant positive effect.

scholarly journals POLITIK HUKUM ISLAM DAN MAQASID AL-SYARIAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Miskari Miskari
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The State ◽  
The World ◽  
Islamic Values

Abstrack: This study will discuss the Politics of Islamic law and maqashid sharia, where both meet at the same point, namely the benefit of the nation and the state and its people both in the world and in the hereafter. In order to realize the Islamic values of Islamic legal politics into real life, fukaha (Islamic law experts) launched a theory, among others, maqashid syari'ah (the objectives of Islamic law). The Maqashid Shari'ah aspect divides three complementary priority scales. First, dharury, as a necessity or necessity, is something that must exist for the sake of human life. If something doesn't exist, then human life will definitely be destroyed. The goals of the daruri are to save religion, soul, reason, property, descent and self-esteem (hurdles, pride or honor). For example, to save lives, the Qur'an instructs humans to eat, but they cannot overdo it. Second, Hajy, or needs, meaning, something is needed for the survival of human life. If something does not exist, then human life will not experience destruction, but difficulties will confront. Third, tahsiny, or decorative-ornamental processes. That is, the absence of decorative-ornamental matters will not destroy the purpose of dharury.Keyword: Politics; Islamic Law; Maqashid Syariah

scholarly journals EXTENSÃO E FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA EM JORNALISMO: A experiência do curso “Gênero, discurso e mídia”

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-257
Author(s):  
Duílio Fabbri Júnior ◽  
Fabiano Ormaneze
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
The State ◽  
State University ◽  
Gender Discourse ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The World ◽  
Education Discourse

Este trabalho apresenta um relato de experiência sobre o curso “Gênero, discurso e mídia: da reflexão à cobertura jornalística”, cuja primeira turma foi oferecida na Escola de Extensão da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), no segundo semestre de 2018. A proposta é oferecer elementos para uma cobertura jornalística que leve em conta a diversidade de gênero. Para isso, o corpo teórico-metodológico utilizado é a Análise de Discurso Francesa. Voltado à formação continuada, o curso tem como público-alvo jornalistas profissionais e estudantes da área, mas a experiência mostrou que pessoas com outras formações também se interessam pelo tema. O oferecimento do curso reforça o caráter essencial da formação continuada do jornalista como profissional que atua na narrativa do presente, uma vez que é necessário adquirir novos conhecimentos para entender a complexidade do mundo e ampliar percepções sobre a realidade.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Jornalistas; Extensão universitária; Gênero; Formação continuada; Discurso.     ABSTRACT This paper presents a report about the course "Gender, discourse and media: from reflection to journalistic coverage", whose it was offered at the Extension School of the State University of Campinas (Unicamp), in the second half of 2018. The objective is to offer elements for journalistic to produce news about gender diversity. For this, the theoretical-methodological body used is the French Discourse Analysis. The course is aimed at professional journalists and students in the area, and people that seek continuing education out of Communication’s area. The course reinforces the essential character of the journalist's continuing education as a professional who acts in the narrative of the present, to acquire new knowledges to understand the complexity of the world and to increase perceptions about reality.   KEYWORDS: Journalists; University extension; Gender, Continuing education; Discourse.     RESUMEN Este trabajo presenta un relato de experiencia sobre el curso "Género, discurso y medios: de la reflexión a la cobertura periodística", cuya primera clase fue ofrecida en la Escuela de Extensión de la Universidad Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), en el segundo semestre de 2018. El objetivo del curso es ofrecer elementos para una cobertura periodística que tenga en cuenta la diversidad de género. Para ello, el cuerpo teórico-metodológico utilizado es el Análisis de Discurso Francés. Buscando la formación continuada, el curso tiene como público destinatario a periodistas profesionales y estudiantes del área, pero la experiencia mostró que personas con otras formaciones se interesan por el tema. El ofrecimiento del curso refuerza el carácter esencial de la formación continuada del periodista como profesional que actúa en la narrativa del presente, ya que es necesario adquirir nuevos conocimientos para entender la complejidad del mundo y ampliar percepciones sobre la realidad.   PALABRAS CLAVE: Periodistas; Extensión universitaria; Género; Formación Continua; Discurso.

scholarly journals Sehat Dalam Perspektif Al-Qur'an

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Miskahuddin Miskahuddin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
Positive Sense ◽  
Body And Soul ◽  
The Will ◽  
Good Deeds

Al-Qur'an as a noble holy book and a guide for human life, always guides people to be positive for their own good, including talking about the importance of maintaining health for the freshness and fitness of the human body both physically and mentally. Healthy in the positive sense described in the Koran, namely the preservation of all the potential gifts of God on him in the form of organs that can functionally move various work activities to build himself and the environment in which he lives and is. There is a specificity that can be described by the Koran on the physical and mental health aspects of this matter, especially all the potential for body and soul to always be meaningful to be healthy and strong to perform worship to Allah SWT perfectly as proof of his gratitude to Allah SWT who created it with a hope to get the pleasure of Him and get the highest mau'nah from God to get heaven jannatun na'im. Syurga jannatun na'im longs for strong people to worship and do good deeds perfectly according to the will and wishes of Allah SWT or those who are pleased by Him. Of course, only people who are healthy and strong, physically and mentally, as well as whose perfection in worshiping or doing good deeds to Allah will occupy a quality heaven. Strong is synonymous with being physically and mentally healthy, therefore only those who are strong and healthy will also be able to carry out God's mandate, namely religion with the perfection of all its Shari'a. Therefore people who want to get happiness and prosperity accompanied by safety in the world and in the hereafter are obliged to strive to be healthy physically and mentally and always respect, maintain and glorify physically and spiritually so that they are always healthy or get used to living healthy within the framework of Islamic law guided by teachings of al-Qur'anul Karim and Al-Hadith.  

scholarly journals Indigenous Conflict in Bolivia Explored through an African Lens: Towards a Comparative Analysis of Indigeneity

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Canessa
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
The World ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Analytical Tools

AbstractSince Evo Morales was first elected President of Bolivia in 2005, indigeneity has moved from being a language of protest to a language of governance with concomitant profound changes in how indigeneity is imagined and mobilized. However, one of the striking features of Morales's presidency is his administration's open conflict with various indigenous groups. Although a number of scholars have addressed these issues, they have largely focused on the peculiarities of the Bolivian example in a Latin American context; this has obscured the advantage of significant comparative analysis with other areas of the world. I argue that indigeneity as it is currently practiced and understood is a recent global phenomenon and that there are more similarities between African countries and Bolivia than is generally appreciated. In particular, scholarly debates surrounding the difference between autochthony and indigeneity, and the case of Cameroon in particular, have much to offer in our understanding of the Bolivian case. To date, the primary frame for understanding indigeneity is an ethnic/cultural one and this can obscure important similarities and differences between groups. The comparative framework presented here allows for the development of analytical tools to distinguish fundamental differences and conflicts in indigenous discourses. I distinguish between five related conceptual pairs: majoritarian and minoritarian discourses; claims on the state and claims against the state; de-territorialized peoples versus territorialized peoples; hegemonic and counterhegemonic indigeneity; and substantive versus symbolic indigeneity. These nested pairs allow for analytic distinctions between indigenous rights discourses without recourse to discussions of culture and authenticity.

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