The Science in Hume's Science of Man

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-271
Author(s):  
Tamás Demeter
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Dynamic Theory ◽  
Newtonian Dynamic ◽  
The Mind

This paper sketches a recently emerging divide between two interpretations of Hume's methodology and philosophy of science. On the first interpretation Hume relies on an inductive methodology and provides a (Newtonian) dynamic theory of the mind, and his philosophy of science reflects this methodology. On the second, Hume relies on inferences to the best explanation via comparative analysis of instances, and offers an anatomy of the mind relying on a chemical and organic imagery. The paper also aspires to lean the reader's sympathies toward the latter interpretation while outlining some of its potential consequences for the character of Hume's psychology, the limits of associationism, and his empiricism.

The Modern Aristotle: Michael Polanyi’s Search for Truth against Nihilism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Hoinski ◽  
Ronald Polansky
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Michael Polanyi ◽  
Contemporary Philosophy ◽  
The Face ◽  
Human Desire ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Theoretical Science

David Hoinski and Ronald Polansky’s “The Modern Aristotle: Michael Polanyi’s Search for Truth against Nihilism” shows how the general tendencies of contemporary philosophy of science disclose a return to the Aristotelian emphasis on both the formation of dispositions to know and the role of the mind in theoretical science. Focusing on a comparison of Michael Polanyi and Aristotle, Hoinski and Polansky investigate to what degree Aristotelian thought retains its purchase on reality in the face of the changes wrought by modern science. Polanyi’s approach relies on several Aristotelian assumptions, including the naturalness of the human desire to know, the institutional and personal basis for the accumulation of knowledge, and the endorsement of realism against objectivism. Hoinski and Polansky emphasize the promise of Polanyi’s neo-Aristotelian framework, which argues that science is won through reflection on reality.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Cognive Strategies of Nomination in Russian and English

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Proper Nouns ◽  
Confectionery Products ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Structural Semantics ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
First Time ◽  
Confectionery Product

At this stage of the development of linguistics, proper nouns are considered to be linguistic units that are not adequately studied, and there is growing interest in proper nouns (or advertising names or commercial nominations), their structural semantics, functional semantics, linguistic culture, and psycholinguistic features, this paper for the first time conducts a comparative study of the material of confectionery product names that sell their Description of the main theoretical provisions on the concept of "ergonym", determine the on-name status of this language unit, consider and describe the names of confectionery products in terms of structure-grammar, lexical semantics and linguistic culture; conduct directional associative experiments to determine the validity of the mind actions of potential consumers on the names of confectionery products and check their informational.

Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, II: Concepts, Theories, and the Mind-Body Problem

Books Abroad ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Carlton W. Berenda ◽  
H. Feigl ◽  
M. Scriven ◽  
G. Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Body Problem ◽  
Mind Body Problem ◽  
The Mind

scholarly journals Edward A. Milne’s Philosophy of Science: Between Aristotelianism and Popperism

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-23
Author(s):  
Dariusz Dąbek
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
The Other ◽  
Empirical Testing ◽  
Deductive Logic ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Aim Of Science ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Main Ideas

This article seeks to show that E.A. Milne’s philosophy of science has its roots in the philosophy of Aristotle and it could be an inspiration for Popper’s philosophy. The similarities with Aristotle’s concept are as follows: 1) the aim of science is to explain phenomena by discovering general principles; 2) the mind is responsible for discovering them, although experience guides the search; 3) deducing detailed statements from general assumptions is the most important element of research. On the other hand, Milne’s proposal is consistent with Popper’s main ideas: 1) criticism of the principle of induction; 2) preference for the hypothetical-deductive method (assumptions should be bold hypotheses that require empirical testing to be accepted); 3) appreciation of falsification and confidence in the effectiveness of deductive logic.

scholarly journals Kierkegard and Solov’yov as religious thinkers and critics of public religion

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-78
Author(s):  
P. Huiting
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Religious Philosophy ◽  
Public Religion ◽  
Christian Religion ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mind

On the basis of the work of S. Kierkegaard «Exercises in Christianity» and V.S. Solovyov's «Readings on God-manhood» the article presents a comparative analysis of the positions of the authors as religious thinkers, formed in line with the problem of limiting the claims of the mind, which in earlier philosophy had become the only and comprehensive explanatory principle. The article outlines the common ground of their positions, which is a criticism of the official religion and the formalism of state churches. It notes that the innovative and original religious philosophies of Kierkegaard and Solovyov have a common mission – the revival of Christianity degenerated into a public religion, but at the same time they differ in character and structure. It concludes that Kierkegaard and Solovyov, critically reinterpreting the Christian religion that is contemporary to them, offer their religious philosophy as a way out of the crises of their time.

Comparison of Algorithms of Individual and Group Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-510
Author(s):  
Igor Kopsov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Group Behavior ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Individual Behavior ◽  
Generic Algorithm ◽  
Feedback Mechanisms ◽  
Unified Algorithm ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Application Specific

It has been suggested that the functionality of matter, life, and mind can be described by algorithms containing a sequence of steps and feedback mechanisms. Social processes were until now not considered. Consequently, we examine algorithms of behavior of groups of various kinds, identify their common parameters, and undertake a comparative analysis to the algorithm of individual behavior. We conclude, that despite some application-specific differences, groups operate in accordance with a unified algorithm and, furthermore, this algorithm is the same as the generic algorithm of individual behavior. We demonstrate that in the generally perceived progression matter-life-mind-culture/society, the latter transition cannot be validated. Homogeneity of algorithms of individual and group behavior leads to the proposition that the human mind/psyche and social processes belong to the same level of complexity of nature. This challenges the commonly held perception that society/culture is a standalone perspective of reality separate from the mind.

Philosophy of Cognitive Science

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Andler
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Language Of Thought ◽  
Modular Architecture ◽  
Computational Theory ◽  
Philosophy Of Cognitive Science ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
The Mind

Cognitive science, which appears as an articulated group of research programs whose aim is to constitute a science of the mind, raises a number of issues from the point of view of philosophy of science. This chapter will sample the field by dealing with two main topics. The first one is the hypothesis of a modular architecture of the mind, which has occupied cognitive science since more than 30 years. The second part of the chapter is devoted to the foundations and limits of cognitive science, dealing notably with the functionalist framework (in particular, the computational theory of the mind) and the so-called language of thought hypothesis. We conclude by saying a few words about the division of labor among philosophers who are interested in cognition.

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