Main approaches to treatment of hypoxia in acute respiratory distress syndrome, bacterial and viral pneumonia (part I)

The paper summarizes data on modern approaches to the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of severe acute parenchymal respiratory failure of various origins, including ARDS due to bacterial viral pneumonia. The work is based on the data of modern well-organized studies, analysis of international clinical guidelines with a high degree of evidence, as well as the results of our own long-term experimental studies and clinical observations of the treatment of patients with ARDS of various origins, including viral pneumonia of 2009, 2016, 2020. Scientifically grounded algorithms for prevention, differential diagnosis and personalized therapy of severe acute respiratory failure using innovative medical technologies and a wide range of respiratory and adjuvant treatment methods have been formulated. The authors tried to adapt as much as possible the existing current recommendations for the daily clinical practice of anesthesiologists and resuscitators.

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Main approaches to treatment of hypoxia in acute respiratory distress syndrome, bacterial and viral pneumonia (part II)

Medical alphabet ◽

10.33667/2078-5631-2021-4-25-37 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 25-37

Author(s):

A. V. Vlasenko ◽

E. A. Evdokimov ◽

E. P. Rodionov

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Failure ◽

Distress Syndrome ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Viral Pneumonia ◽

Medical Technologies ◽

Clinical Observations ◽

Wide Range ◽

Prevention And Treatment ◽

High Degree

The paper summarizes data on modern approaches to the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of severe acute parenchymal respiratory failure of various origins, including ARDS due to bacterial viral pneumonia. The work is based on the data of modern well-organized studies, analysis of international clinical guidelines with a high degree of evidence, as well as the results of our own long-term experimental studies and clinical observations of the treatment of patients with ARDS of various origins, including viral pneumonia of 2009, 2016, 2020. Scientifically grounded algorithms for prevention, differential diagnosis and personalized therapy of severe acute respiratory failure using innovative medical technologies and a wide range of respiratory and adjuvant treatment methods have been formulated. The authors tried to adapt as much as possible the existing current recommendations for the daily clinical practice of anesthesiologists and resuscitators.

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Contemporary principles of hypoxia management in case of ARDS of various origin. Part 1

Messenger of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation ◽

10.21292/2078-5658-2020-17-3-61-78 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 61-78

Author(s):

A. V. Vlasenko ◽

E. A. Evdokimov ◽

E. P. Rodionov

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Failure ◽

Distress Syndrome ◽

Viral Pneumonia ◽

Everyday Clinical Practice ◽

Medical Technologies ◽

Clinical Observations ◽

Wide Range ◽

Prevention And Treatment ◽

Origin Part ◽

High Degree

The review summarizes data on contemporary approaches to diagnosis, prevention and treatment of severe acute parenchymal respiratory failure of various origins including in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by bacterial and viral pneumonia. It is based on the data of modern properly organized studies, an analysis of international clinical guidelines with a high degree of evidence, as well as the results of many years of own experimental research and clinical observations of treatment of patients with ARDS of various origin, including those with viral pneumonia in 2009–2016–2020. The article states scientifically-based procedures for prevention, differential diagnosis and personalized treatment of severe acute respiratory failure with the use of innovative medical technologies and a wide range of respiratory treatments. The authors did their best to adapt specific proposals for everyday clinical practice.

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Pulmonary fibrosis following infection with SARS-CoV-2 in a pregnant woman: case report

10.21203/rs.3.rs-80358/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Somaye Moeindarbary ◽

Salmeh Dadgar ◽

Parvaneh Layegh ◽

Zahra Shahriari ◽

Faezeh Fayyaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Woman ◽

Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Immune Suppression ◽

Distress Syndrome ◽

Viral Pneumonia ◽

Case Presentation ◽

The Third ◽

Prevention And Treatment ◽

Global Concern

Abstract Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the third coronavirus that make a global concern in 21th century. Pregnant women are particularly at higher risk of developing severe viral pneumonia, possibly because of a partial immune suppression during their pregnancy. Under such critical and rapidly evolving circumstances, these poor findings might be helpful for the treatment of infected pregnant women with 2019-nCoV.Case presentation: In this study, we have reported a pregnant woman at 25 gestational weeks with COVID-19 who has developed severe complications, including hypoxemia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pulmonary fibrosis, and bilateral pleural effusion. In the end, she died one month after admission to the hospital.Conclusion: Pregnant population are especially more at risk of viral pneumonia caused by coronaviruses, further research on the prevention and treatment of new coronavirus is necessary.

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Wooden Trusses With Nodal Joints On Glued Flat Rods

Promyshlennoe i Grazhdanskoe Stroitel stvo ◽

10.33622/0869-7019.2020.04.09-15 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 9-15

Keyword(s):

Bearing Capacity ◽

Test Procedure ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Operational Reliability ◽

Design Solution ◽

Short Term ◽

High Degree ◽

Wooden Structures ◽

Node Type

Wooden trusses are widely used in construction and differ in a variety of structural forms. In general, their bearing capacity and stiffness are determined by the design solution of the node joints. In order to accept significant loads and reduce the overall deformation of trusses, it is necessary to develop new types of nodes that would also be characterized by low labor intensity of manufacturing and a high degree of operational reliability. Proposed by the authors nodes of wooden trusses based on steel glued flat rods are met the above requirements. The article describes the results of experimental studies of a wooden truss with nodal joints on glued flat rods under the short-term loads. The layout principles of the proposed node type are given; test procedure of experimental structures and results of experimental studies are presented: features of operation of steel connecting plates glued into wood in the nodes are revealed. It is shown that the adopted design solution of nodes refers to the joints of wooden structures of a rigid type and provides sufficient load-bearing capacity of the trusses and their increased rigidity. The nature of the destruction and the value of the destructive load confirmed the operational reliability of the proposed type of wooden trusses, including under the action of long-term loads. The analysis of the results revealed the directions of further improvement of wooden trusses nodes with steel glued flat rods.

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Toward a Medical Understanding of Marihuana

Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal ◽

10.1177/070674376901400607 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 591-600 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Conrad J. Schwarz

Keyword(s):

English Language ◽

Medical Literature ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Personal Characteristics ◽

Short Term ◽

The Past ◽

Wide Range ◽

Indian Hemp ◽

Made In

This paper is based on a review of the English language medical literature over the past 35 years on Indian Hemp, with direct reference being made to the more significant articles published during that time. The paucity of direct experimental observation is noted and the difficulties in experimental studies are highlighted by descriptions of the wide variations in the potency of Indian Hemp derivatives. Specific references are provided for the wide range of observations made in relation to acute and chronic physical and psychological effects, personal characteristics of the users and possible factors in causation. It is concluded that marihuana is a poorly defined intoxicant which varies in potency, deteriorates with time and whose chemical composition is largely unknown at present. There are wide variations in human response and the state of intoxication itself carries with it varying degrees of unpleasant physical and psychological experiences. The association between hashish and, to a lesser extent, marihuana and short-term and long-term complications is discussed in relation to complex variables, of which the drug is but one factor.

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X-ray image of respiratory distress syndrome in newborns with low and extremely low birth weight

Diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy ◽

10.22328/2079-5343-2021-12-2-59-69 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 59-69

Author(s):

Е. А. Krasilnikova ◽

V. D. Zavadovskaya ◽

V. A. Zhelev ◽

J. O. Lyulko ◽

S. P. Ermolenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Respiratory Failure ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽

Respiratory Distress ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Distress Syndrome ◽

Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽

X Ray ◽

Wide Range

Introduction. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is characterized by immaturity of lung tissue, surfactant deficiency and is a common cause of mortality in premature infants. X-ray is the main method for determining the causes and severity of respiratory failure in newborns.Purpose. Systematization of the results of X-ray examination of the lungs of newborns with varying degrees of prematurity, compared with autopsy data.Materials and methods. The analysis of X-ray data and sectional material of 32 premature infants with low and extremely low body weight who died with clinical manifestations of RDS was performed.Research results. The article provides a comparative analysis of various types of radiological changes in the lungs (reticulo-nodular pulmonary pattern (n=10), cellular deformity of the pulmonary pattern (n=5), «air bronchogram» (n=20), «air leakage» syndrome (n=6), focal-confluent shadows/infiltrative-like foci of darkening (n=9)) and autopsy results of premature newborns.Conclusion. The greatest number of coincidences of radiological and histological data took place in BPD (80%), the smallest — in pulmonary hemorrhages (20%). The coincidence of conclusions for pneumonia and GM disease is 58–56%, respectively. Difficulty in the differential diagnosis of the X-ray picture of the lungs in low birth-weight infants lies in the frequent combination of pathological conditions. Respiratory failure with a wide range of pathological changes in the lungs developed in 15 (53,6%) newborns in the absence of criteria for surfactant insufficiency against the background of respiratory support.

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AQUACOSM-plus: an International Network for Aquatic Mesocosm Facilities Supporting Experimental Ecosystem Studies and cross-disciplinary RI- RI collaborations

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-15726 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jens C Nejstgaard ◽

Stella A Berger ◽

Katharina Makower ◽

Robert Ptacnik ◽

Herwig Stibor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Studies ◽

Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽

Biodiversity Loss ◽

Grand Challenges ◽

Wide Range ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

Research Facilities ◽

Term Data ◽

The Eu

To understand underlying mechanisms of aquatic ecosystem functioning in relating to the global Grand Challenges (climate change, biodiversity loss, eutrophication, emerging pollutants, etc.), it is necessary to consider processes in adjacent systems, such as atmosphere and adjacent aquatic and terrestrial systems. For freshwater and coastal systems, the aquatic-terrestrial coupling on the watershed level is specifically important. We argue that for a better understanding of both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems a combination of long-term data from connected environments, coupled with experimental ecosystem-scale experiments, have a greater potential for successful model testing and development of predictive concepts, than using only long-term data (without experiments) from separate systems. This talk will present the EU-funded RI-project AQUACOSM-plus (www.aquacosm.eu, 2020-2024) that offers access to >60 research facilities across the EU and is linked to world-wide cooperation through the MESOCOSM.EU portal, a virtual network of >100 research facilities. These networks comprise mesocosm facilities in all aquatic systems, including rivers, ponds, lakes, estuaries and marine systems &#8211; offering unique opportunities to conduct ecosystem-scale experimental studies of relevance to aquatic-terrestrial coupling. These facilities allow for process studies to test models based on trend or response observations from long-term-data, in order to better understand underlying mechanisms of ecosystem responses to the present global Grand Challenges. The AQUACOSM-plus mesocosm facilities, are also open for conducting ecosystem solution-based experiments to enable effective management in aquatic ecosystems. The AQUACOSM network will open calls to fund access to >13.000 days for a wide range of external users. We will also present examples of developing RI-RI collaborations and development of technological solutions and instrumentation to enhance the mobility of mesocosms and increase opportunities for relevant scenario-testing by the scientific community at large.

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Hyperoxia and modulation of pulmonary vascular and immune responses in COVID-19

AJP Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajplung.00304.2020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 320 (1) ◽

pp. L12-L16

Author(s):

Dusan Hanidziar ◽

Simon C. Robson

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Distress Syndrome ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Short Term ◽

Cytopathic Effects ◽

Adverse Remodeling ◽

High Concentrations ◽

And Function ◽

Adequate Oxygenation

Oxygen is the most commonly used therapy in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. In those patients who develop worsening pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), high concentrations of oxygen may need to be administered for prolonged time periods, often together with mechanical ventilation. Hyperoxia, although lifesaving and essential for maintaining adequate oxygenation in the short term, may have adverse long-term consequences upon lung parenchymal structure and function. How hyperoxia per se impacts lung disease in COVID-19 has remained largely unexplored. Numbers of experimental studies have previously established that hyperoxia is associated with deleterious outcomes inclusive of perturbations in immunologic responses, abnormal metabolic function, and alterations in hemodynamics and alveolar barrier function. Such changes may ultimately progress into clinically evident lung injury and adverse remodeling and result in parenchymal fibrosis when exposure is prolonged. Given that significant exposure to hyperoxia in patients with severe COVID-19 may be unavoidable to preserve life, these sequelae of hyperoxia, superimposed on the cytopathic effects of SARS-CoV-2 virus, may well impact pathogenesis of COVID-19-induced ARDS.

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Role of hyaluronic acid in the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced oropharyngeal mucositis

Head and neck tumors (HNT) ◽

10.17650/2222-1468-2019-9-3-29-37 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 29-37

Author(s):

Yu. V. Alymov ◽

А. М. Mudunov ◽

S. B. Alieva ◽

А. V. Ignatova ◽

R. R. Kaledin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Universal Method ◽

Long Term Treatment ◽

Wide Range ◽

Prevention And Treatment ◽

Radiation Induced ◽

Oropharyngeal Mucositis

One of the earliest and most common adverse events of radiotherapy in patients with oropharyngeal cancers is mucositis. Radiation-induced mucositis significantly impairs the quality of life, patient compliance, and sometimes even long-term treatment outcomes. Currently, there is a wide range of drugs and techniques for the prevention and treatment of this complication. Nevertheless, these methods are not always highly effective and often have their own adverse events; therefore, the search for a universal method still continues. The present review aims to analyze the efficacy of hyaluronic acid in the prevention and treatment of oropharyngeal mucositis.

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