On formation of padder syndrome

Edematous syndrome is most common among patients of older age groups and indicates pathology on the part of such organ systems as cardiovascular, genitourinary, musculoskeletal, lymphatic, endocrine. The causes of edema are diverse, and the tactics of further management due to incorrect justification can lead to serious consequences.The purpose of this study. To study the prevalence and differential diagnostic features of edematous syndrome based on the analysis of current scientific publications containing information on this topic.Results. The development of edematous syndrome is caused by a number of factors, the main of which are: hydrodynamic factor, osmotic factor, oncotic pressure, membranogenic factor. Despite the fact that edematous syndrome is associated with many diseases, it has specific differential diagnostic signs for each pathology.Conclusions. Edema is a visible objective symptom and is a root cause factor of various diseases, such as glomerulonephritis, thrombophlebitis, filariasis, cirrhosis, chronic heart failure, shock, allergic, inflammatory conditions and many others. However, with the help of specific clinical features of the symptoms of this syndrome, it is possible to make a differential diagnosis and determine the underlying disease that led to the formation of edematous syndrome.

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Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of the Grifola frondosa Natural Compound o-Orsellinaldehyde on LPS-Challenged Murine Primary Glial Cells. Roles of NF-κβ and MAPK

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13060806 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 806

Author(s):

Sarah Tomas-Hernandez ◽

Jordi Blanco ◽

Santiago Garcia-Vallvé ◽

Gerard Pujadas ◽

María José Ojeda-Montes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Compound ◽

Underlying Disease ◽

Grifola Frondosa ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Inflammatory Conditions ◽

Inflammatory Mechanism ◽

Inflammatory Phenotype ◽

Mice Brain ◽

Anti Inflammatory

In response to foreign or endogenous stimuli, both microglia and astrocytes adopt an activated phenotype that promotes the release of pro-inflammatory mediators. This inflammatory mechanism, known as neuroinflammation, is essential in the defense against foreign invasion and in normal tissue repair; nevertheless, when constantly activated, this process can become detrimental through the release of neurotoxic factors that amplify underlying disease. In consequence, this study presents the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of o-orsellinaldehyde, a natural compound found by an in silico approach in the Grifola frondosa mushroom, in astrocytes and microglia cells. For this purpose, primary microglia and astrocytes were isolated from mice brain and cultured in vitro. Subsequently, cells were exposed to LPS in the absence or presence of increasing concentrations of this natural compound. Specifically, the results shown that o-orsellinaldehyde strongly inhibits the LPS-induced inflammatory response in astrocytes and microglia by decreasing nitrite formation and downregulating iNOS and HO-1 expression. Furthermore, in microglia cells o-orsellinaldehyde inhibits NF-κB activation; and potently counteracts LPS-mediated p38 kinase and JNK phosphorylation (MAPK). In this regard, o-orsellinaldehyde treatment also induces a significant cell immunomodulation by repolarizing microglia toward the M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype. Altogether, these results could partially explain the reported beneficial effects of G. frondosa extracts on inflammatory conditions.

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Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the first 500 confirmed COVID-19 inpatients in a tertiary infectious disease referral hospital in Manila, Philippines

Tropical Medicine and Health ◽

10.1186/s41182-021-00340-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kristal An Agrupis ◽

Chris Smith ◽

Shuichi Suzuki ◽

Annavi Marie Villanueva ◽

Koya Ariyoshi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Workers ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Age Groups ◽

The Elderly ◽

Underlying Disease ◽

The Philippines ◽

Referral Hospital ◽

Limited Data ◽

Metro Manila ◽

Related Mortality

Abstract Background The Philippines has been one of the most affected COVID-19 countries in the Western Pacific region, but there are limited data on COVID-19-related mortality and associated factors from this setting. We aimed to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics and associations with mortality among COVID-19-confirmed individuals admitted to an infectious diseases referral hospital in Metro Manila. Main text This was a single-centre retrospective analysis including the first 500 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 individuals admitted to San Lazaro Hospital, Metro Manila, Philippines, from January to October 2020. We extracted clinical data and examined epidemiological and clinical characteristics and factors associated with in-hospital mortality. Of the 500 individuals, 133 (26.6%) were healthcare workers (HCW) and 367 (73.4%) were non-HCW, with HCW more likely presenting with milder symptoms. Non-HCW admissions were more likely to have at least one underlying disease (51.6% vs. 40.0%; p = 0.002), with hypertension (35.4%), diabetes (17.4%), and tuberculosis (8.2%) being the most common. Sixty-one (12.2%) died, comprising 1 HCW and 60 non-HCW (0.7% vs. 16.3%; p < 0.001). Among the non-HCW, no death occurred for the 0–10 years age group, but deaths were recorded across all other age groups. Compared to those who recovered, individuals who died were more likely to be older (p < 0.001), male (p = 0.015), report difficulty of breathing (p < 0.001), be HIV positive (p = 0.008), be intubated (p < 0.001), categorised as severe or critical (p < 0.001), have a shorter mean hospital stay (p < 0.001), or have an additional diagnosis of pneumonia (p < 0.001) or ARDS (p < 0.001). Conclusion Our analysis reflected significant differences in characteristics, symptomatology, and outcomes between healthcare and non-healthcare workers. Despite the unique mix of cohorts, our results support the country’s national guideline on COVID-19 vaccination which prioritises healthcare workers, the elderly, and people with comorbidities and immunodeficiency states.

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Discordance Between Intraoperative Consultation by Frozen Section and Final Diagnosis

International Journal of Surgical Pathology ◽

10.1177/1066896916662152 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 41-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Sharon B. Sams ◽

Joshua A. Wisell

Keyword(s):

Frozen Section ◽

Cancer Center ◽

Pathology Report ◽

Frozen Sections ◽

Data Set ◽

Final Pathology ◽

Root Cause ◽

Organ Systems ◽

Standardized Method ◽

Classification Tool

Discrepancies between intraoperative consultations with frozen section diagnosis and the final pathology report have the potential to alter treatment decisions and affect patient care. Monitoring these correlations is a key component of laboratory quality assurance, however identifying specific areas for improvement can be difficult to attain. Our goal is to develop a standardized method utilizing root cause analysis and a modified Eindhoven classification schematic to identify the source of discrepancies and deferrals and subsequently to guide performance improvement initiatives. A retrospective review of intraoperative consultations performed at a tertiary level hospital and cancer center over a 6-month period identified deferrals and discrepancies between the intraoperative consult report and the final pathology report. We developed and applied a classification tool to identify the process errors and cognitive errors leading to discrepant results. A total of 48 (4.6%) discrepancies and 24 (2.3%) deferrals were identified from the 1042 frozen sections. Within the entire data set of frozen sections, the process errors (n = 26, 54.2%) were due to gross sampling (n = 16, 33.3%), histologic sampling (n = 8, 16.7%), and surgical sampling (n = 2, 4.2%). Interpretation errors (n = 22, 45.8%) included undercalls/false negatives (n=8, 16.7%), overcalls/false positives (n = 10, 20.8%), and misclassification errors (n = 4, 8.3%). Application of our classification tool demonstrated that the root cause of discrepancies and deferrals varied both between organ systems and by specific organs and that classification models may be utilized as a standardized method to identify focused areas for improvement.

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Invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease in adults

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268899003611 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 124 (3) ◽

pp. 441-447 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

J. SARANGI ◽

K. CARTWRIGHT ◽

J. STUART ◽

S. BROOKES ◽

R. MORRIS ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Haemophilus Influenzae ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Age Groups ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Underlying Disease ◽

Reference Laboratory ◽

Age Group ◽

Childhood Immunization ◽

Clinical Presentations ◽

Vaccines For Children

We reviewed retrospectively all invasive Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) infections in adults ascertained from reference laboratory records and notifications from five NHS regions over the 5 years from 1 October 1990, a period encompassing the introduction of routine Hib childhood immunization (October 1992). A total of 446 cases were identified, a rate of 0·73 infections per 105 adults per annum. Though numbers of Hib infections in adults fell after the introduction of Hib vaccines for children (P = 0·035), and there was no increase in infections caused by other capsulated Hi serotypes, total numbers of invasive Hi infections increased due to a large rise in infections caused by non-capsulated Hi (ncHi) strains (P = 0·0067). There was an unexpectedly low rate of infections in those aged 75 years or more (P < 0·0001). The commonest clinical presentations were pneumonia with bacteraemia (227/350, 65%) and bacteraemia alone (62/350, 18%) and the highest rates of disease were in the 65–74 years age group (P < 0·0001). Clinical presentation was not influenced by the capsulation status of the invading Hi strain. 103/350 cases (29%) died within 1 month, and 207/350 (59%) within 6 months of their Hi infection. Case fatality rates were high in all age groups. Pre-existing diseases were noted in 220/350 cases and were associated with a higher case fatality rate (82% vs. 21%, P < 0·0001). After the introduction of Hib immunization in children, invasive Hib infections in unimmunized adults also declined, but the overall rate of invasive Hi disease in adults increased, with most infections now caused by non-capsulated strains. Physicians and microbiologists should be aware of the changing epidemiology, the high associated mortality and high risk of underlying disease. Invasive haemophilus infections in adults should be investigated and treated aggressively.

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Mammalian Krüppel-Like Factors in Health and Diseases

Physiological Reviews ◽

10.1152/physrev.00058.2009 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 90 (4) ◽

pp. 1337-1381 ◽

Cited By ~ 505

Author(s):

Beth B. McConnell ◽

Vincent W. Yang

Keyword(s):

Current Knowledge ◽

Embryonic Stem ◽

Ips Cells ◽

External Stress ◽

Biological Processes ◽

Inflammatory Conditions ◽

Organ Systems ◽

Basic Biology ◽

Growth Development ◽

Induced Pluripotent

The Krüppel-like factor (KLF) family of transcription factors regulates diverse biological processes that include proliferation, differentiation, growth, development, survival, and responses to external stress. Seventeen mammalian KLFs have been identified, and numerous studies have been published that describe their basic biology and contribution to human diseases. KLF proteins have received much attention because of their involvement in the development and homeostasis of numerous organ systems. KLFs are critical regulators of physiological systems that include the cardiovascular, digestive, respiratory, hematological, and immune systems and are involved in disorders such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, KLFs play an important role in reprogramming somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and maintaining the pluripotent state of embryonic stem cells. As research on KLF proteins progresses, additional KLF functions and associations with disease are likely to be discovered. Here, we review the current knowledge of KLF proteins and describe common attributes of their biochemical and physiological functions and their pathophysiological roles.

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Changes in proportionate cardiovascular mortality in patients with chronic infectious and inflammatory conditions in the United States, 1999–2018

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-03407-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jacob W. Groenendyk ◽

Adovich S. Rivera ◽

Arjun Sinha ◽

Donald M. Lloyd-Jones ◽

Matthew J. Feinstein

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Competing Risks ◽

Cardiovascular Mortality ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Treatment Options ◽

The United States ◽

Underlying Disease ◽

Inflammatory Conditions ◽

Bowel Diseases ◽

Cvd Mortality

AbstractTreatment options for several chronic infectious and inflammatory conditions have expanded in recent years. This may have implications for evolving competing risks for chronic inflammation-associated comorbidities, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Yet sparse data exist on patterns over time in cardiovascular mortality for chronic infectious and inflammatory conditions. We used data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1999–2018 Multiple Causes of Death database to investigate patterns in CVD mortality from January 1, 1999 to December 31, 2018 in several infectious and inflammatory conditions. Specifically, we determined age-adjusted proportionate CVD mortality separately for patients with the following conditions (as well as the general population): hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), psoriasis (PSO), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Proportionate CVD mortality differed significantly in 1999 and 2018 for each condition compared with the general population (p < 0.0001). Proportionate CVD mortality decreased steadily in the general population (40.9 to 30.6%) but increased for patients with HCV (7.0 to 10.2%) and HIV (1.9 to 6.7%). For IBD, PSO, RA, and SLE, proportionate CVD mortality initially decreased followed by plateauing or increasing rates. Underlying disease-specific pathophysiologies, changes in natural history, and competing risks of chronic end-organ diseases contributing to these differences merit further study.

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MODEL AND ALGORITHM FOR ESTIMATING THE RESIDUAL LIFE OF ELECTROMECHANICAL EQUIPMENT BASED ON COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF CURRENT AND VIBRATION

Южно-Сибирский научный вестник ◽

10.25699/sssb.2021.36.2.015 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 122-127

Author(s):

П.И. Степанов ◽

В.В. Закураев

Keyword(s):

Residual Life ◽

Comprehensive Analysis ◽

Life Assessment ◽

General Level ◽

Discrete Wavelet ◽

Diagnostic Features ◽

Gear Drive ◽

Diagnostic Signs ◽

Residual Life Assessment ◽

Electromechanical Equipment

В работе описаны модель и алгоритм оценки остаточного ресурса электромеханического оборудования. В качестве объекта контроля использовался асинхронный привод с зубчатой передачей. Оценка остаточного ресурса проводилась на основе комплексного анализа данных вибрации (с зубчатой передачи) и потребляемого тока асинхронным двигателем. В качестве диагностических параметров выделены виброскорость, виброускорение и ток в фазах обмотки статора приводного электродвигателя. Из выделенных диагностических параметров вычисляются коэффициенты дискретного вейвлет-преобразования (с применением материнского вейвлета Добеши, 8 уровней разложения). После чего выделяются диагностические признаки: среднеквадратические и пиковые (максимальные) значения каждого из вейвлет-коэффициентов и всего сигнала (общий уровень) по каждому диагностическому параметру. В работе приведена разработка и апробация модели и алгоритма оценки остаточного ресурса на основе анализа наиболее чувствительных диагностических признаков к возникновению и развитию неисправностей. В лабораторных условиях получены данные по изменению выделенных диагностических признаков в условиях отсутствия смазки в зубчатом редукторе. В работе показана возможность повышения эффективности оценки остаточного ресурса электромеханического оборудования путем использования комплексного анализа тока и вибрации. Особенностью предлагаемых модели и алгоритма является возможность проводить оценку в условиях изменяющихся режимов работы и внешних нагрузок, что наиболее актуально для оборудования железнодорожного транспорта. Таким образом, на лабораторном стенде получены результаты оценки остаточного ресурса с достоверностью до 96%. The paper describes a model and an algorithm for assessing the residual life of electromechanical equipment. An asynchronous gear drive was used as a control object. The residual life assessment was carried out on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of vibration data (from a gear drive) and the current consumed by an induction motor. Vibration velocity, vibration acceleration and current in the phases of the stator winding of the drive electric motor are distinguished as diagnostic signs. From the selected diagnostic features, the coefficients of the discrete wavelet transform are calculated (using the mother Daubechies wavelet, 8 decomposition levels). After that, diagnostic features are identified: RMS and Peak (maximum) values of each of the wavelet coefficients and the entire signal (general level) for each diagnostic feature. The paper presents the development and testing of a model and an algorithm for assessing the residual resource based on the analysis of the most sensitive diagnostic signs to the occurrence and development of faults. In laboratory conditions, data were obtained on the change in the identified diagnostic signs in the absence of lubrication in the gear reducer. The paper shows the possibility of increasing the efficiency of assessing the residual life of electromechanical equipment by using a comprehensive analysis of current and vibration. A feature of the proposed model and algorithm is the ability to conduct an assessment under conditions of changing operating modes and external loads, which is most important for railway equipment. Thus, on the laboratory bench, the results of the residual life assessment were obtained with a reliability of up to 96%.

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Neurocysticercosis in a preschool-age child: case report

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/s0004-282x2000000500019 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 58 (3B) ◽

pp. 909-912 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MARCIO M. VASCONCELOS ◽

MARCIA REGINA S. RAMOS ◽

PRISCILA JORDAIM SCHWAN ◽

ROMEU DOMINGUES ◽

KELLY CRISTINA T. DANTAS ALENCAR ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Incubation Period ◽

Age Groups ◽

Preschool Age ◽

Cystic Lesions ◽

Diagnostic Features ◽

Prolonged Incubation ◽

Nutritional Habits ◽

Preschool Age Children ◽

New Onset

Neurocysticercosis is a frequent cause of epilepsy and other neurologic abnormalities in all age groups, however by virtue of its prolonged incubation period as well as young children's nutritional habits, it is rarely seen in preschool-age children. The objective of this study is to report the case of a 2 ½ year-old child who presented with new-onset seizures. Her diagnostic features, including neuroradiologic findings, are described and compared with the literature. No matter how young he or she may be, every child who presents with new-onset seizures or other unexplained neurologic features and whose CT or MRI shows cystic lesions or contrast-enhancing rounded lesions should raise a suspicion of neurocysticercosis.

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Improvement Of Methods Of Providing Dental Care For Children With Mental Delayed Development

The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.37547/tajmspr/volume03issue01-17 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 03 (01) ◽

pp. 111-116

Author(s):

Gavkhar Nuriddinovna Indiaminova ◽

◽

Tulkin Elnazarovich Zoirov ◽

Keyword(s):

Mental Retardation ◽

Oral Care ◽

Age Groups ◽

Modern Society ◽

Underlying Disease ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Economic Significance ◽

Dental Pathology ◽

Dental Diseases

In modern society, diseases of the oral cavity are of humanitarian, socio - economic significance. Today, tooth decay and periodontal disease remain the most common dental disease not only among adults, but also among younger populations around the world. According to recent epidemiological studies conducted on healthy children, the incidence of dental pathology is high, with the prevalence of caries among healthy age groups 12-15 years old is 63.3-83 years, 4% and 81.7-88.7%, intensity 3.02 -3.75 and 4.6-5.73, and the prevalence of periodontal tissue diseases in the group of healthy 12-year-old children ranged from 37.8% to 50%, in the 15-year-old group of children it ranged from 57.7% to 84, 7%. The prevalence of caries is also high in children with mental retardation of preschool and school age, while the intensity of caries is higher in children aged 13–18 years with mild mental retardation (MAD). These indicators increase with age and depend on the severity of the underlying disease. We carried out a program for the prevention of dental diseases in children with disabilities, however, most of them were focused on children with mild and moderate mental retardation, where not only the degree of mental retardation was taken into account, but also teaching them oral care skills, the degree of socialization and the child's diet.

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Management of Stress in Culture Fish

International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management ◽

10.23910/1.2020.2152a ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 607-612

Author(s):

T. Suguna ◽

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Age Groups ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Small Scale ◽

Root Cause ◽

Disease Occurrence ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Controlling Measures

Over the last three decades, the commercial aquaculture has experienced spectacular growth. Many species have gone from small scale regional production to large scale global production. Concomitant with the rapid growth there also has been the increased occurrence of problems that accompany all agricultural endeavours. All the problems are stress influenced leading to diseases, impacting the profitability of the industries. In aquaculture also inspite of the unprecedented development of the intensified culture practices many economical problems have arise that are threatening the sustainability of culture systems. The root cause for all is stress. The word, “stress” is very common butreflects vast effective results. It is an invisible factor, influencing the survivality, growth, reproduction, production in culture fish especially. It is much easier for diseases to proliferate in the culture environment than in wild. Defining what levels of stressors are normal and acceptable is not easy. A level of stressor that is problematic under one set of environmental conditions might not be the same under another. The susceptibility of disease occurrence differs within species and age groups. Different stress factor such as inadequate physico chemical and microbial quality of culture water, poor nutritional stems and high stocking density can cause infection by opportunistic pathogens. In aquaculture, the stress plays major role on production, productivity, sustainability of the culture, economic loss and degradation of economic standards. A summation of causes for the acute and chronic stressors will enlighten the aqua farmers, scientists and fishery officials in designing environmentally friendly controlling measures, in obtaining higher yields.

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