scholarly journals Antifungal Potential of Selected Medicinal Plants Against Post-Harvest Fungi of Tomato

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Ishrat Fatima ◽  
Muhammad Tahir Murad ◽  
Sadia Murad ◽  
Waqas Ashraf ◽  
Qaisar Shakeel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Randomized Design

Tomato belongs to the Solanaceae family. It is an essential vegetable crop of Pakistan. Production of tomato affected by viral, fungal, and bacterial diseases. Some post-harvest tomato fungal pathogens like Aspergillus, Alternaria, Fusarium and Rhizopus are major contributors to tomato fruit losses. The current research was focused to control these post-harvest fungal problems of tomato by application of some botanical extracts because these have no harmful residual effects like fungicides which influence fruit value and human health. For this purpose, infected samples were collected from a local market. Then fungi were isolated from these infected samples on PDA culture media. These purified fungal cultures were inoculated to healthy tomato fruits to confirm the pathogenicity of these fungal isolates. During management, trials inoculated fruits from each group were coated with different concentrations of Curcuma longa, Mentha piperita and Ocimum basilicum. A completely randomized design (CRD) was followed in these experiments with three replications. Data regarding the infected fruit area was recorded following the standard procedures Fisher’ s analysis of variance technique was used for analyzing the data and a significant differences test (LSD) was used for comparing differences among treatments using least at 5 % probability. The turmeric plant was more efficient than Basil and mint. At 200ppm concentration, the turmeric inhibits 80.1 % growth of Alternaria alternata on PDA media, but the growth rate was reduced up to 31.6% at 50_ppm concentration. Growth inhibition significantly reduced as concentration increased from 50ppm to 200 ppm concentration.

scholarly journals Efficacy of the Application of A Coating Composed of Chitosan and Mentha Piperita Essential Oil To Control of Post-Harvest Fungal Pathogens in Tomatoes (Lycopersicum Esculentum)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Conceição Dantas Guerra ◽  
Rayssa Julliane de Carvalho ◽  
Estefânia Fernandes Garcia ◽  
Marta Suely Madruga ◽  
Priscila Dinah Lima Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Lycopersicum Esculentum ◽  
Post Harvest

scholarly journals Effect of hydrocooling, packaging, and cold storage on the post-harvest quality of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 248-255
Author(s):  
C.K.R. BARBOSA ◽  
M.C.M. FONSECA ◽  
T.P. SILVA ◽  
F.L. FINGER ◽  
V.W.D. CASALI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Randomized Design

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of hydrocooling and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) perforated and non-perforated packaging on post-harvest quality of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) leaves stored at 5 and 25ºC. The experiments were conducted using a subdivided parcel layout in a completely randomized design with four replicates. Each parcel used a 2x3 layout (two hydrocooling treatments and three packaging treatments) with subparcels for storage time. The shelf life, chlorophyll content, mass loss (ML), relative water content (RWC), total soluble sugars (TSS), reducing sugars (Red), non-reducing sugars (NRed) and starch of the leaves were determined. Cold storage increased the shelf life of the peppermint by up to 64 times (>15 days). Hydrocooling increased the RWC of the leaves. Plastic packaging was effective in maintaining the RWC. Unperforated packages more effectively prevented ML in the peppermint leaves and prevented the leaves from wilting for a longer period of time. The chlorophyll content of the leaves varied according to the treatment. The soluble sugars and starch levels varied according to RWC. Hydrocooling with the use of non-perforated plastic packages was the most effective method for maintaining the postharvest quality of the peppermint.

scholarly journals THE POTENTIAL OF EXTRACT OF LEAVES AND FLOWERS OF Lantana camara Linn. AS AN ANTIBACTERIAL FOR CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus) INFECTED BY Aeromonas hydrophila

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Indriyani Nur ◽  
Afiyfah Fitriani ◽  
Asnani Asnani
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fish Blood ◽  
And Control

Freshwater catfish culture has been hampered by bacterial diseases. One of the agents of the bacterial disease is Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS). The application of synthetic antibiotics has had some disadvantages such as bacterial resistance and undegradable in water. One of the potential antibacterial herbs is Lantana camara. Information of Lantana as an antibacterial on catfish is still limited. Therefore, the experiment of utilization of Lantana as an antibacterial for catfish should be conducted. The experiment was carried out to evaluate the potential of Lantana extract as an antibacterial of A. hydrophila for catfish. The completely randomized design was applied consisting of four treatments using two parts of the plant, leaves and flowers. The treatments were: A = 1,000 ppm of leaves; B = 2,000 ppm of leaves; C = 1,000 ppm of flowers; D = 2,000 ppm of flowers), and control. Lantana extracts were diluted into each culture media which had been infected with A. hydrophila. Several factors were observed in this experiment such as prevalence with of MAS disease, survival rate, percentage of haematocrites and total of leukocytes of fish blood. The results showed that the fish treated with 2,000 ppm of flowers extract had a lower in prevalence of MAS disease and higher in survival rate than those treated with 1,000 ppm; 2,000 ppm of leaves; and 1,000 ppm of flowers, respectively. However, percentage of haematocrytes and total of leucocytes was not influenced by the extracts from different parts of Lantana plant. In conclusion, 2,000 ppm of Lantana flowers extract might be useful as an antibacterial of A. hydrophila for catfish culture.

Assessment of locally produced waxing materials on the shelf life and fruit quality of two tomato varieties (Solanum lycopersicum)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-47
Author(s):  
R. Osae G. Essilfie J. O. Anim
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Shea Butter ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Colour Development

The study was conducted to assess the effect of different waxing materials on the quality attributes of tomato fruits. A 2 x8 factorial experiment layout in complete randomized design with 16 treatment combinations and 3 replication was adopted.The materials that were used for the experiment are two (2) varieties of tomatoes (Pectomech and Power Rano) and seven(7) waxing material (shea butter, cassava starch, beeswax, and a combination of shea butter + cassava starch, shea butter + beeswax, cassava starch + beeswax, shea butter + cassava starch + beeswax) and a control. Results from the experiment indicated that all waxing treatments delayed the development of weight loss, firmness, pH, total soluble solids, and total titrable acidity. The results also suggested that edible wax coatings delayed the ripening process and colour development of tomato fruits during the storage period and extended the shelf life. However Beewax treatment and its combinations performed better than the other treatments. It was therefore recommended that locally produced wax such as Beewax, Shea butter, Cassava Starch treatments and their combinations could be a good technology for preserving the quality and extending the shelf life of fresh tomato fruit as well as maintaining the physical and chemical properties.

Pertumbuhan Dan Perkembangan Anggrek Dendrobium anosmum Pada Media Kultur In Vitro Dengan Beberapa Konsentrasi Air Kelapa

Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tuhuteru ◽  
Meity L Hehanussa ◽  
Simon H.T Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Dendrobium anosmum is one of natural orchids in Indonesia. Optimization of medium composition for orchid propagation through in vitro culture is necessary to enhance propagule multiplication capabilities and quality. This study was aimed to study the influence of concentration of coconut water in culture medium on in vitro growth and development of D. anosmum orchid species and to determine the optimal coconut water concentration in culture media.  The experiment were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and eight replications. The treatments consisted of the addition of coconut water with concentrations: 0 ml•l -1 (control), 50 ml•l-1, 100 ml•l-1 and 150 ml•l-1. The results showed that addition of coconut water in culture medium gave different effect on shoot growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids.  Coconut water concentration of 100 ml•l-1 was the best concentration for growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids, based on both shoots and roots growth, plantlet height and wet weight.

Understanding the Role of Chlorine and Ozone to Control Postharvest Diseases in Fruit and Vegetables: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-461
Author(s):  
Gabriela M. Baia ◽  
Otniel Freitas-Silva ◽  
Murillo F. Junior
Keyword(s):  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Postharvest Diseases ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
By Products

Fruits and vegetables are foods that come into contact with various types of microorganisms from planting to their consumption. A lack or poor sanitation of these products after harvest can cause high losses due to deterioration and/ or pathogenic microorganisms. There are practically no post-harvest fungicides or bactericides with a broad spectrum of action that have no toxic residual effects and are safe. However, to minimize such problems, the use of sanitizers is an efficient device against these microorganisms. Chlorine is the most prevalent sanitizing agent because of its broad spectrum, low cost and well-established practices. However, the inevitable formation of disinfection by-products, such as trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs), is considered one of the main threats to food safety. Alternative sanitizers, such as chlorine dioxide (ClO2) and ozone, are becoming popular as a substitute for traditional post-harvest treatments. Thus, this review addresses the use of chlorine, chlorine dioxide and ozone emphasizing aspects, such as usage, safe application, spectrum of action and legislation. In order to ensure the quality and safety of final products, the adoption of well-prepared sanitation and sanitation programs for post-harvest fruits and vegetables is essential.

scholarly journals Comparative Proteomics Reveals the Potential Targets of BcNoxR, a Putative Regulatory Subunit of NADPH Oxidase of Botrytis cinerea

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 990-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Li ◽  
Zhanquan Zhang ◽  
Chang He ◽  
Guozheng Qin ◽  
Shiping Tian
Keyword(s):  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis ◽  
Regulatory Subunit ◽  
Wild Type

The NADPH oxidase (NOX) complex has been shown to play a crucial role in stress response and in the virulence of various fungal pathogens. The underlying molecular mechanisms of NOX, however, remain largely unknown. In the present study, a comparative proteomic analysis compared changes in protein abundance in wild-type Botrytis cinerea and ΔbcnoxR mutants in which the regulatory subunit of NOX was deleted. The ΔbcnoxR mutants exhibited reduced growth, sporulation, and impaired virulence. A total of 60 proteins, representing 49 individual genes, were identified in ΔbcnoxR mutants that exhibited significant differences in abundance relative to wild-type. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that the differences in transcript levels for 36 of the genes encoding the identified proteins were in agreement with the proteomic analysis, while the remainder exhibited reverse levels. Functional analysis of four proteins that decreased abundance in the ΔbcnoxR mutants indicated that 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (BcPGD) played a role in the growth and sporulation of B. cinerea. The Δbcpgd mutants also displayed impaired virulence on various hosts, such as apple, strawberry, and tomato fruit. These results suggest that NOX can influence the expression of BcPGD, which has an impact on growth, sporulation, and virulence of B. cinerea.

scholarly journals Alcobaça allele and genotypic backgrounds affect yield and fruit shelf life of tomato hybrids

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Túlio José Mendes Dias ◽  
Wilson Roberto Maluf ◽  
Marcos Ventura Faria ◽  
Joelson André de Freitas ◽  
Luiz Antonio Augusto Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Fruit Quality Traits ◽  
Commercial Yield

Post-harvest shelf life of tomato fruit may be increased by deploying mutant alleles which affect the natural ripening process and/or by a favorable genotypic background. Among the several ripening mutant genes, alcobaça (alc) has proved to be highly efficient in increasing shelf life of commercial tomato fruits, especially in heterozygosis, a state at which no limiting deleterious effects upon fruit color occur. The effects of heterozygosity in the alcobaça locus (alc+/alc) on yield and fruit quality traits of tomato hybrids with three genotypic backgrounds. We evaluated three pairs of hybrids obtained from crosses between the near-isogenic pollen source lines Flora-Dade (alc+/alc+) and TOM-559 (alc/alc), and three maternal lines (Stevens, NC-8276 and Piedmont). The six treatments were factorial combinations of two different status in the alc locus (alc+/alc and alc+/alc+) versus three different genotypic backgrounds (maternal lines). Fruits were harvested at the breaker stage of maturation and stored in shelves at 21ºC for 14 days. Yield and fruit quality traits were then evaluated. Regardless of the background, the alc allele in heterozygosis (alc+/alc) did not interfere with the total yield, commercial yield, average mass per fruit, average mass per commercial fruit, fruit shape, or with fruit peduncular scar diameter. The alc+/alc genotype reduced the rate of firmness loss and delayed evolution of the red color of the fruit, thus contributing to an increase of the post-harvest shelf life for all three genotypic backgrounds.

scholarly journals Pengaruh C/N Rasio Berbeda untuk Pembentukan Bioflok pada Media Pemeliharaan terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Benih Ikan Betok (Anabas testudineus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Indra Wahyu Pratama ◽  
Dade Jubaedah ◽  
Mohamad Amin
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Anabas Testudineus ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Climbing Perch ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Absolute Growth ◽  
Biofloc Technology ◽  
Absolute Length

Pratama et al, 2018. The Effect of Different C/N Ratio in for Biofloc of Formation Culture Media to the Growth and Survival Rate of Juvenile Climbing Perch (Anabas testudineus). JLSO 7(1): Climbing perch fish resources still have a problem due to this fish is still obtained only through capture and also the growth of climbing perch fish is slow. The solutions to increase the growth of the climbing perch fish is by applying biofloc technology for climbing perch fish culture. The purpose of this research was to know the effect of different C/N ratio on the growth of climbing perch fish (Anabas testudineus) juvenille with biofloc farming system. This research used a completely randomized design consist of four treatments and three replications. The treatments were without molase (P0), molase with C/N ratio 15 (P1), C/N 20 (P2) and C/N ratio 25 (P3). The results showed that C / N ratio 20 was the best treatment with absolute length of growth of 1.33 cm, absolute growth of weight 1.92 g, survival rate of 99.17% and feed efficiency 138.06%.

scholarly journals Morphological and pathogenic characterization of Fusarium oxysporum in lulo (Solanum spp.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-37
Author(s):  
Yohana Patricia Anama ◽  
Ricardo Díaz ◽  
David Esteban Duarte-Alvarado ◽  
Tulio Cesar Lagos-Burbano
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Height Increase ◽  
Genotype G1

Fusarium oxysporum is one of the most limiting fungal pathogens of lulo crop. To determine its pathogenicity, this work morphologically and pathogenically characterized F. oxysporum isolates from different lulo-growing municipalities of the Department of Nariño. Twenty isolates were evaluated through a completely randomized design with two factors and three replicates per treatment, including a control. The first factor corresponded to 20 isolates of F. oxysporum and the second to 10 lulo genotypes. The morphological characterization involved determining growth rate (GR), color (CO), mycelial type (MT), medium coloration (Mc), shape (Sh), size (S), number (N) of macroconidial (Ma) and microconidial (Mi) septa, presence of chlamydospores (PC), and chlamydospore shape (CS). Moreover, the pathogenic characterization was based on the incubation period (IP), absolute growth rate (AGR), disease severity (DS), disease incidence (I), and vascular discoloration (VD). The morphological characterization demonstrated that all isolates corresponded to F. oxysporum. For IP, genotype G1 showed the lowest average at 18 days. For AGR, genotype G2 had the lowest height increase at 0.05 cm.day-1. For DS, genotype G1 reached the highest severity level (level 9) and a disease incidence of 100%. This study provides the first report of the special form of F. oxysporum f. sp. quitoense in Nariño. Solanum hirtum, Solanum sessiliflorum, and Solanum estramonifolium were resistant to the isolates evaluated, demonstrating that wild species should be considered as sources of resistance for breeding programs aiming to obtain resistant commercial genotypes.

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