scholarly journals TECHNOLOGIES OF PREVENTION OF LOSSES (EMISSIONS) OF HYDROCARBONS FROM FUEL TANKS OF VEHICLES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (50) ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
Boichenko S S ◽  
◽  
Yakovlieva A ◽  
Kalmykova N ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Fuel Tanks ◽  
Fuel Leakage ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics ◽  
Hydrocarbon Vapor

This article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of existing technologies and methods to prevent hydrocarbon losses from fuel tanks, taking into account the study of the advantages and disadvantages of these technologies that affect the effectiveness of emission prevention. The aim of the work is to identify the best technologies, systems, trends, features of capture and prevention of hydrocarbon losses from fuel tanks. The main causes of fuel losses from car fuel tanks are considered. Losses of hydrocarbons from fuel tanks due to large and small "breaths" are described. The physical properties of gasoline that characterize its evaporation and evaporation ability are described. The largest sources of emissions in the form of evaporation from vehicles are listed. Three separate mechanisms related to losses through the breathing valve of the fuel tank and fuel leakage are considered. Qualitative characteristics of the fuel-air mixture that evaporates from car tanks and emissions of pollutants during refueling of car fuel tanks are given. The causes, sources, consequences of fuel losses from car fuel tanks are considered and summarized in the figure. Also, the modern means of capturing hydrocarbon vapor from the fuel tanks of cars, which are relevant today, are summarized in the table. Based on a comprehensive situational analysis of current technologies and methods to prevent loss of hydrocarbons from fuel tanks, taking into account the study of the advantages and disadvantages of these technologies, we have identified the best technologies to prevent losses from large and small breaths. KEY WORDS: FUEL TANKS, PETROL, LOSSES, EMISSIONS, ANALYSIS, LOSS PREVENTION TECHNOLOGIES.

scholarly journals Comprehensive analysis of advantages and disadvantages of estimation methods of land conservation (using GIS)

2014 ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Andriy Volkov ◽  
Oleg Popik
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Land Conservation ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Key Words Conservation

The research includes generalization and compilation of the information which concerns spatial distribution of Ukraine conservation areas. The vital problems concerned to ineffective usage of conservation areas were discussed. The existing criteria and indexes which are used for assessing of natural conservation areas were discussed. The main advantages and disadvantages of the indexes were analyzed. The database and the thematic maps of conservation areas spatial distribution were designed utilizing geoinformational application MapInfo. Ukraine’s regions were compared by different conservation area indexes. Comprehended approach to estimation of conservation areas was implemented based on cluster analysis. Complex zoning of Ukraine based on spatial distribution of conservation areas was offered. Key words: conservation area indexes, geographic informational systems, cluster analysis.

Grammatical Difficulties of Automatic Translation of Scientific and Technical Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (27) ◽  
pp. 134-141
Author(s):  
Aliona Kolesnichenko ◽  
Natalya Zhmayeva
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Automatic Translation ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Grammatical Errors ◽  
Translation Service

The article is devoted to the analysis of grammatical difficulties encountered in the process of automatic translation. The paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the SDL Trados automatic translation service. The types of grammatical errors when translating scientific and technical texts in SDL Trados are classified, the ways of overcoming them are outlined. Key words: scientific and technical literature, automatic translation, grammatical difficulties.

К ВОПРОСУ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ И АНАЛИЗА ПЕРСУАЗИВНОСТИ В РУССКОМ И КЫРГЫЗСКОМ ЯЗЫКАХ

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Назира Думанаева
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Book Title ◽  
Text Formation ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

Аннотация. Изменения в системе современной литературной коммуникации обусловливают необходимость изучения ее структуры в условиях глобализации. В этой связи перспективным представляется выход за пределы собственно художественного текста и исследование его в аспекте гипертекстуальности. Данная статья посвящена истории, характеристике и изучению персуазивности, составляющей одну из модусных категорий как форм осмысления мира в языке. Установлено, что основные лексико-грамматические средства экспликации персуазивности в русском и кыргызском языках традиционно рассматриваются в составе модальных слов, конструкций. Также целью статьи стало изучение результатов исследования лингвистов по данной теме и выявление особенностей экпликации категории персуазивности в художественном тексте. В данной статье на основе анализа художественных текстов русского писателя В. Шукшина и кыргызского прозаика А. Саспаева выявлен прагмалингвистический потенциал категории персуазивности в русском и кыргызском языках. Ключевые слова: персуазивность, модус, модальность, экспликация, метакатегории, актуализационные категории, квалификативные категории, социальные категории, прагмалингвистический потенциал. Аннотация. Азыркы адабий байланыш өзгөрүүлөр глобалдаштыруу шарттарында, анын структурасын изилдөө талап болууда. Бул жагынан алып караганда, толугу менен көркөм тексттин тармагында изилдөө келечектүү. Бул макалада ынанымдуулуктун тарыхы, типтештирүүсү жана изилдөөсү көрсөтүлөт. Изилдөөдөн көрсөтүлгөндөй орус жана кыргыз тилиндеринде ынанымдуулук категориясы негизги лексикалык жана грамматикалык каражаттары модалдык сөздөр болуп эсептелет деп табылган. Ошондой эле, макаланын максаты тил илимпоздордун ушул тема боюнча изилдөөлөрүн, алардын жыйынтыктарын окуу жана адабий тексте ынынымдуулук категориянын ачылышынын өзгөчөлүктөрүн аныктоо болгон. Макалада орус жазуучусу В. Шукшиндин жана кыргыз эл жазуучу- су А. Саспаевдин адабий тексттердин талдоонун негизинде ынанымдуулук категориянын прагмалингвистикалык потенциалы аныкталды. Түйүндүү сөздөр: ынанымдуулук категориясы, модус, метакатегориясы, экспликация, актуализациалдык категориясы, квалификативдик категориясы, социалдык категориясы, прагмалингвистикалык потенциалы. Abstract. Globalization has affected all aspects of human life. Consequently, the structure of literary communication has been changed as the number of supplementary texts originated from a basic fiction text has increased. In this connection, it seems rational and fruitful to study the fiction text considering its hypertextual dimension. The aim of the work is to analyze the recurrent text formation components of russion and kyrgyz hypertext performing the advertising function. The study was based on the texts of praise for fiction books by russion and kyrgyz authors: V. Shukshin and A. Saspaev. The content analysis was applied to study their qualitative characteristics. Key words: hypertext, literary communication, praise, blurb, persuasion, ideonim, book title.

CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM OF DRAINAGE FOR NEUROGENIC BLADDER

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Игорь Александрович Артюхов ◽  
Владимир Васильевич Кузьменко ◽  
Андрей Владимирович Кузьменко ◽  
Тимур Асланбекович Гяургиев
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Neurogenic Bladder ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Neurogenic Disorders ◽  
Neurogenic Dysfunction ◽  
Lower Urinary

Данный литературный обзор посвящен одной из актуальных проблем современной урологии - нейрогенной дисфункции мочевыводящих путей. Нейрогенная дисфункция нижних мочевыводящих путей является одной из важнейших проблем современной урологии, что обусловлено ее высокой распространенностью, частотой вторичных осложнений со стороны мочевыделительной системы и социально-экономической значимостью. Распространенность нейрогенного мочевого пузыря среди пациентов, перенесших острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения, варьирует от 15 % до 94 % и зависит от времени, прошедшего с момента сосудистого события. В статье представлены патофизиологические механизмы, лежащие в основе данной патологии, подробно рассмотрены современные методы дренирования нижних мочевыводящих путей, их преимущества и недостатки. К современным способам дренирования при нейрогенных расстройствах нижних мочевыводящих путей относят периодическую (интермиттирующую) катетеризацию, постоянную катетеризацию и надлобковую цистостомию. Анализ доступной литературы указывает на то, что частота осложнений, ассоциированных как с нейрогенной дисфункцией мочевого пузыря, так и с используемыми способами дренирования, продолжает оставаться достаточно высокой. Таким образом, проблема профилактики катетер-ассоциированных осложнений и улучшения качества жизни данной категории больных на сегодняшний день продолжает оставаться актуальной и требует проведения дальнейших исследований в данной области This literature review is devoted to one of the most pressing problems of modern urology - neurogenic urinary tract dysfunction. Neurogenic dysfunction of the lower urinary tract is one of the most important problems of modern urology, due to its high prevalence, frequency of secondary complications from the urinary system, and socio-economic significance. The prevalence of neurogenic bladder among patients who have experienced acute cerebrovascular accident varies from 15 % to 94 % and depends on the time elapsed since the vascular event. The article presents the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this pathology, discusses in detail modern methods of drainage of the lower urinary tract, their advantages and disadvantages. Modern methods of drainage for neurogenic disorders of the lower urinary tract include periodic (intermittent) catheterization, permanent catheterization, and suprapubic cystostomy. Analysis of the available literature indicates that the frequency of complications associated with both neurogenic bladder dysfunction and the drainage methods used continues to be quite high. Thus, the problem of preventing catheter-associated complications and improving the quality of life of this category of patients continues to be relevant today and requires further research in this area

Premature birth (Clinical lecture)

2018 ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
I.B. Ventskovskaya ◽  
◽  
V.V. Bila ◽  
O.S. Countryside ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Sulfate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Premature Birth ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Tocolytic Agents

The article presents modern views on the pathogenesis of preterm labor, their relevance and classification. From the perspective of evidence-based medicine methods of prevention are considered. A comparison of the main tocolytic agents, their advantages and disadvantages is presented. Key words: premature birth, perinatal and infantile mortality, tocolysis, magnesium sulfate, gestational age.

scholarly journals THE COMPARISON OF RESIN-BASED COMPOSITES PHYSICAL PROPERTIES BETWEEN BULK-FILL TECHNIQUE AND INCREMENTAL TECHNIQUE

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Rahmi Khairani Aulia
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Shrinkage Stress ◽  
Restorative Material ◽  
Polymerization Shrinkage ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Restoration Technique ◽  
Restoration Failure

ABSTRACT:Composite resins are currently the most popular restorative material in dentistry. This is due to good aesthetics and maximum conservation ability. Behind these advantages, there are disbenefits of composite resin materials, such as polymerization shrinkage, which can lead to restoration failure. Various attempts have been investigated to reduce the shrinkage incidence of composite resins, one of which is the technique of placing the restorative material into the cavity. The restoration filling technique is recognized as a significant factor in shrinkage stress. By using a special filling technique, the polymerization shrinkage damage stress can be reduced. There are several techniques in performing composite resin fillings, including bulk and incremental techniques. These techniques have their respective advantages and disadvantages. The aim of this literature review was to compare the physical properties of composite resin restorations with bulk filling and incremental techniques. Physical properties that being studied include polymerization shrinkage, stress shrinkage, degree of conversion, bonding strength, water resorption, color stability, and temperature increase. Comparing the two techniques, composite resin with incremental filling technique has superior physical properties compared to bulk technique. From the comparison of the two techniques, the composite resin with incremental filling technique has superior physical properties compared to the bulk technique, especially in higher conversion which causes lower shrinkage stress. This situation makes the incremental technique provide better bond strength, water resorption, color stability, and lower temperature rise.Keywords: Bulk, Composite Resin, Incremental,  Physical Properties, Restoration, Restoration Technique

scholarly journals MECHANICAL STRENGTH OF COAL: METHODS OF DETERMINATION AND FACTORS OF INFLUENCE (REVIEW)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 4-17
Author(s):  
V.V Koval ◽  
D.V. Miroshnichenko ◽  
O.V. Bogoyavlenska
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

The article substantiates the importance and problems of determining of such an indicator of the quality of solid fossil fuels, as mechanical strength. The strength of coal depends on a large number of factors (viscosity, brittleness, properties of structural bonds, etc.), the change of which is impossible to take into account. Therefore, the strength of coal in the sample, piece, pack and formation must be represented by some integral index, which inevitably fluctuates around a certain average value and can be determined only approximately. The evaluation of the strength properties of coal should be carried out on the basis of mass tests using statistical methods that allow to calculate the average value and coefficient of variation. Since the strength dispersion is mainly due to the natural inhomogeneity of the coal, the excessive accuracy of the measuring instruments has almost no effect on the statistical characteristics. Laboratory methods of mechanical tests of mine samples, in comparison with full-scale, as a rule, are very accessible and, at qualitative performance of tests, are highly reliable. The properties of coal as an object of enrichment and use are largely related to its physical properties. The physical properties of coal and mineral impurities significantly affect the formation of the main parameters that characterize the particle size distribution and fractional composition, it`s changes during the mining, transportation and enrichment processes. The basic physical and mechanical properties of solid fuels from the point of view of their industrial processing have been listed, the review has been made of the most widespread methods of study of coals mechanical durability and the equipment used for these purposes. The main advantages and disadvantages have been summarized of these methods, as well as their relationship. The factors have been Indicated tinfluencing the mechanical strength of coal. The expediency of using existing methods from the point of view of informativeness for thesphere of its application has been estimated. The methods common in the coal processing industry are considered in more detail. Keywords: coal, solid fuel mining, mechanical strength, determination methods, influencing factors, grinding strength, crushing index. Corresponding author V.V. Koval, e-mail: [email protected]

Psycho-prevention of stress during pregnancy and childbirth

2017 ◽  
pp. 32-34
Author(s):  
Irina Ancheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Intrauterine Development ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Key Words Stress

The author reveals in the article the concept of stress of its determinant in women who are expecting a child, the possible consequences for a child who during the intrauterine development has been exposed to stress. Classic ones are considered and the newest methods of psycho-prevention, psycho-correction of stressful conditions in women during pregnancy and childbirth are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of nonclassical methods of psycho-prevention and psycho-correction of stress in women bearing a child are determined. Key words: stress, pregnancy, childbearing, psycho-prevention, psycho-correction.

A plasticity chart as an aid to the identification and assessment of industrial clays

Clay Minerals ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Bain
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Plasticity Index ◽  
Plastic Limit ◽  
Atterberg Limit ◽  
Plastic Properties ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Identification Chart

AbstractThe plastic properties of clays are sufficiently variable to offer a simple but practical aid to identification. This can be done by using their Atterberg 'plastic limit' and 'plasticity index' values as parameters for an identification chart. The advantages and disadvantages of the technique are discussed, and results for a wide variety of clay minerals, particularly industrial clay types, are illustrated. A brief summary is also given of the effect of non-clay impurities, and reference is made to the correlation of Atterberg limit values with other physical properties of clays.

Pitch-based carbon fiber reinforced cements: structure, performance, applications, and research needs

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nemkumar Banthia
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Fiber Reinforcement ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
Research Needs

The improvements in the performance characteristics of cements due to carbon fiber reinforcement are described. In particular, the structure, the physical properties, the mechanical behavior, and the durability aspects of carbon–cement composites using pitch-based fibers are discussed. The various possible applications of these composites in structural and nonstructural applications are enumerated. The future research needs are identified. Key words: cements, carbon fibers, microstructure, strength, toughness, durability, applications.

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