Perbandingan Karakteristik Plastik Biodegradable dari Biji Durian menggunakan Filler Kalsium Silikat dan Kalsium Karbonat

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
S. Sigit Udjiana ◽  
Sigit Hadiantoro ◽  
Noor Isnaini Azkiya
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Carbonate Filler ◽  
Durian Seed

Pada penelitian ini biji durian digunakan sebagai sumber pati dalam pembuatan plastik biodegradable. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis dan jumlah filler terhadap sifat biodegradable, sifat mekanik dan sifat water absorbtion pada plastik biodegradable berbasis pati biji buah durian. Plasticizer yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sorbitol  40%, sedangkan filler yang digunakan adalah Kalsium silikat (Ca2SiO4) dan Kalsium karbonat (CaCO3) dengan variable konsentrasi 2%, 4%, 6%, dan 8%. Dari hasil penelitian, diperoleh % yield dari pati biji buah durian sebesar 34,57%. Hasil dari plastik biodegradable terbaik dengan karakteristik transparan, tidak ada gelembung, lentur serta permukaan yang halus diperoleh pada variabel penambahan filler kalsium karbonat 4%. Hasil uji bio-degradasi paling mendekati standard ASTM D6400 diperoleh pada variabel kalsium karbonat 2%. Pada Uji water absorption hasil terbaik dicapai pada variabel kalsium silikat 8%. Uji tarik hasil terbaik diperoleh pada variabel kalsium silikat 6%.In this study, durian seeds were used as a source of starch in making biodegradable plastics. This study aims to determine the effect of the type and amount of filler on biodegradable properties, mechanical properties, and water absorption properties of biodegradable plastics based on durian fruit starch. The plasticizer used in this study was sorbitol 40%, while the filler used was Calcium silicate (Ca2SiO4) and Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) with variable concentrations of 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%.. From the research results, the% yield of durian seed starch was 34.57%. The results of the best biodegradable plastic with the characteristics of transparent, no bubbles, flexible and smooth surface were obtained with the addition of 4% calcium carbonate filler variables. The bio-degradation test results closest to the ASTM D6400 standard were obtained in the 2% calcium carbonate variable. In the water absorption test, the best results were achieved at the 8% calcium silicate variable. The best tensile test results were obtained in the 6% calcium silicate variable.

Studies on Tensile and Water Absorption Properties on Kenaf (Hibiscus Cannabinus) Fibre Mat/Polyester Composite Using Chemical Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 421 ◽  
pp. 290-295
Author(s):  
Mohammad Taib Mohamad Nurul Azman ◽  
Abu Kassim Masitah ◽  
Ariff Jamaludin Mohd ◽  
Ismail Tayibbah
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Absorption Test ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Kenaf Fibre ◽  
Polyester Composite ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Polyester Composites

This research investigated the tensile and water absorption properties of kenaf fibre mat/polyester composites. Treatment using acetylation method has been introduced to improve the properties of product manufactured. The effects of acetylation treatment with three variations of time that were 1, 4 and 24 hours on the kenaf fibre mats were investigated. The MOE of the tensile of treated fibre mat/polyester composite for 1 hour was the highest with value 4589.61 MPa. The tensile strength of treated fibre mat/polyester composite for 4 hours was the highest with value 0.6213 MPa. For water absorption test, the results showed that fibre mat/polyester composite with treatment duration for 1 hour had the lowest water absorption that was 1.23% compared with treatment duration for 4 hours and 24 hours. For overall it can be concluded that the treatment duration of 1 hour was recommended for acetylation method when compared with 4 hours and 24 hours duration treatments. Using acetylation treatment on the kenaf fibre mat/polyester composites was showed improvement on composite and was recommended in short duration of treatment.

scholarly journals Physico-mechanical and water absorption properties of LDPE/cassava starch film

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Junaidah Jai ◽  
Siti Fatma Abd Karim ◽  
Nurul Asyikin Md Zaki ◽  
Rabiatul Adawiyah Abdol Aziz ◽  
Farhana Wahet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Commercial Plant ◽  
Control Film ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Degradable Plastic

Plastic waste is a global crisis, and Malaysia is the 8th worst country worldwide for plastic waste. With this trend, growing market demands for green product have imposed pressure on industries to find an alternative to petroleum-based plastic. Degradable plastic is introduced to overcome this limitation. The present work investigates degradable plastic film of low-density polyethylene incorporated with cassava starch (LDPE-CS). The compounding of the LDPE-CS was prepared via pre-mixing, blending, resin crushing, and film hot pressing. Film thickness, tensile strength, elongation, water absorption, and field test were conducted on the LDPE-CS and commercial LDPE (control). Experimental data of LDPE-CS and commercial LDPE films were evaluated and compared. Thickness of LDPE-CS film was 0.18 mm which was 51% thicker than the control film. Tensile strength and elongation of the LDPE-CS were 7.04 MPa and 5.39%, while control film was 12.77 MPa and 921.5%, respectively. The tensile strength and elongation of the LDPE-SC were significantly lower than the control film, which may be due to the weak interface between LDPE and starch. The water absorption test revealed that the LDPE-CS film absorbed water by 4.8%, which indicates its degradability in the water. The field test shows that the LDPE-CS is biodegradable and comparable with the commercial plant polybag in terms of its capability in planting. 

scholarly journals Physical-Chemical Characteristics of South Aceh Marble and Its Suitability for Tiles Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Lindawati Lindawati ◽  
Irwansyah Irwansyah ◽  
Nuzuli Fitriadi
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Building Stone ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Natural Stones ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Marble is a metamorphic rock that is widely distributed in the Earth�s continental layer. Regarding its antiquity and aesthetic appeal, it has been widely used as a construction material such as flooring tiles in buildings and monument. Physical and chemical properties of natural stones play an important role on deciding their application area as a building stone. This study reports the physicochemical analysis of marble stones from the Gunung Kerambil (GK), Alur Kering (AK) and Meukek (M) area in South Aceh District. Density, water absorption and chemical analyses of the marble samples were determined. Physical properties of samples were determined through laboratory measurements. Chemical characterizations were made using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) method. Based on,water absorption test results, the marbles from South Aceh are applicable for tile application.

Study on Characterization of Hardened Concrete from Water Absorption-Time Curve

2006 ◽  
Vol 302-303 ◽  
pp. 500-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eitou Kyo ◽  
Goro Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Absorption Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
The Relationship

The characterization of hardened concrete was analyzed by testing the weight change of water absorption. A simple testing method is submitted and discussed in this paper. As one of the test results, it was reported that the relationship between weight change (at) and time (t) of water absorption test would be well fitted with at=(α×t)/(β+t). Based on the result, laboratory studies of a water absorption test were carried out. Test results were discussed for estimation of mix proportions, compressive strength, and carbonation of different kinds of concrete.

scholarly journals Assessment of the effect of ice-phobic impregnation composition of cement-concrete poads on the adhesive resistance of ice crust to concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 246-254
Author(s):  
R.E. Lukpanov ◽  
◽  
D.S. Dyusembinov ◽  
D.V. Tsygulev ◽  
D.O. Bazarbaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Absorption Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Water Soluble Polymer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Water Absorption Test

An ice-phobic impregnation composition of cement-concrete roads has been proposed. The composition is based on keratin-containing components with the addition of a water-soluble polymer. The evaluation criterion was the study of the adhesion resistance of ice crust to concrete. The test results showed the effectiveness of the ice-phobic coating since in all experiments the uncoated samples showed greater resistance of the ice crust to thermal influences. The water absorption test results showed a significant difference in the water absorption capacity of the uncoated specimens compared to the coated specimens.

scholarly journals Laboratory Study of Water Absorption of Modified Mortar

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borhan M.M. ◽  
Mohamed Sutan N.
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Polyvinyl Acetate ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Water Absorption Test

This study investigates the effects of polymer additives namely polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) on water absorption and compressive strength of mortar. Twelve mortar mixtures were investigated for water absorption test and compressive strength test. Results showed that water absorption were inversely proportional to the percentage of PVAc addition. Final analysis showed that addition of PVAc had significant effects on water absorption. Samples with 1%, 3% and 5% addition of PVAc showed an increase of water absorption capacity in comparison to control mortar.

Peningkatan Karakteristik Biodegradable Plastics dari Kulit Pisang Candi dengan Penambahan Filler Kalsium Silikat dan Clay

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
S. Sigit Udjiana ◽  
Sigit Hadiantoro ◽  
Anang Takwanto ◽  
Anugrah Windy Mustikarini
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Basic Material

Biodegradable  plastics adalah plastik yang memiliki sifat ramah lingkungan. Kulit pisang candi berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan bioplastik karena mengandung pati sebesar 28,488 %. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh plasticizer (sorbitol) dan filler (kalsium silikat dan clay) terhadap kuat tarik, % elongasi, % biodegradasi dan % absorpsi bioplastik.  Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, semakin banyak filler clay atau kalsium silikat maka bioplastik memiliki kuat tarik yang besar dan % elongasi yang semakin kecil. Semakin banyak clay yang ditambahkan maka semakin besar daya absorpsi terhadap air, namun semakin banyak kalsium silikat yang ditambahkan maka semakin kecil daya absorpsi terhadap air. Semakin banyak filler kalsium silikat dan clay maka semakin kecil % biodegradasi bioplastik. Semakin banyak jumlah sorbitol yang ditambahkan maka semakin besar % elongasi, % biodegradasi dan % water absorption namun semakin kecil % kuat tarik. Bioplastik dengan penambahan filler kalsium silikat memiliki kuat tarik antara 4,11-22,08 Mpa, % elongasi antara 2,17%-57,95%, % water absorption antara 67,26%-120% dan %biodegradasi antara 0,61%-19,22%. Bioplastik dengan penambahan filler clay memiliki kuat tarik antara 2,38-14,05 Mpa, %elongasi antara 2,11%-46,24%, % water absorption antara 79,07%-150,67% dan %biodegradasi antara 1,17%-34,54%.Biodegradable plastics is plastic which has environmentally properties. Candi banana peels potential to be used as a basic material for making bioplastics because it contains 28,488% starch. The aims of our research is to determine the effect of plasticizer (sorbitol) and filler (calcium silicate and clay) on tensile strength, elongation (%), biodegradation (%) and bioplastic absorption (%). Based on the result, the more amount of calcium silicate or clay filler added, the larger tensile strength and the smaller % elongation. The more amount of clay added, the greater absorption capacity of water, but the more calcium silicate added, the smaller absorption capacity of water. The more amount calcium silicate filler added, the smaller the biodegradation of bioplastic, but in the data based on clay filler, % biodegradation decreased. The more amount of sorbitol added, the greater % elongation, % biodegradation and % water absorption, but the smaller % tensile strength. Bioplastics with calcium silicate as filler has tensile strength between 4.11-22.08 Mpa, % elongation between 2.17% -57.95%, % water absorption between 67.26% -120% and % biodegradation between 0.61-19.22%. Bioplastics with clay as filler has tensile strength between 2.38-14.05 MPa, % elongation between 2.11%-46.24%, % water absorption between 79.07%-150.67% and % biodegradation between 1,17% -34.54%.

The Role of Nano-SiO2 Addition in the Mechanical Properties of RHA Composite Cement Mortars

2011 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Sadrmomtazi ◽  
A. Fasihi
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Cement Composite ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Compressive And Flexural Strengths

This paper presents a laboratory study on the properties of rice husk ash (RHA) cement composite mortars incorporating nano-SiO2. Different amounts of nano-SiO2 (0%, 1%, 3% and 5%) were incorporated into the mortars with 20% replacement of RHA. The compressive and flexural strengths of mortars were tested at 7, 28, 60 and 90 days. The water absorption test carried out at 28 days. The drying shrinkage of mortars was measured up to the age of 42 days. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation also conducted to evaluate the effect of nano-SiO2 on microstructure of cement paste containing RHA. Incorporating nano-SiO2 into RHA mortars significantly improved the mechanical strength and water absorption properties of the products. Nano-SiO2 increased the drying shrinkage of RHA mortars. SEM analysis showed that nano-SiO2 improved the microstructure of RHA pastes on dense and compact form.

scholarly journals Durability Behaviour of Geopolymer Concrete with Metakaolin and GGBS

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S2) ◽  
pp. 78-81
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Concrete Cylinders ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Furnace Slag

This study consists of preparation of Geopolymer concrete mix with Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag (GGBS) which is followed by the usage of Metakaolin in replacement of GGBS with 5% variation from 0 to 25%. From previous researches on geopolymer concrete with GGBS, an optimized mix is selected and tested for durability behaviour. A 12 Molarity sodium hydroxide solution along with sodium silicate in the ratio of 1:2.5 is used as activator in this study. La Hypercrete S25 which belongs to the category of carboxylic is used as admixture for escalating the workability. Water absorption, Acid resistance, and Rapid Chloride Penetration (RCPT) are the durability tests performed on the specimens. The prepared specimens are water cured at room temperature for the required days in accordance with the codal guidelines and tested for durability. For water absorption test, concrete cylinders of 50mm dia and 100mm height are prepared. 100 mm size cube specimens prepared for acid resistance test. The specimens for RCPT include preparation of discs of 100 mm dia and 50 mm height. In all the test specimens, GGBS is replaced by Metakaolin. It is believed from the test results that geopolymer concrete with Metakaolin and GGBS performs well in durability aspects.

scholarly journals ANALISIS UJI PENYERAPAN AIR DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO KOMPOSIT LAMINATE HYBRID SERAT SISAL DAN BATANG PISANG DENGAN MATRIK EPOXY

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Putu Krishna Artha Sastra ◽  
Nasmi Herlina Sari ◽  
S. Sujita
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Water Absorption Test

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze about absorption properties of the composite laminate, microstructure hybrid sisal and banana fiber with epoxy matrix. Composite manufacturing was done by hand lay-up method with a ratio of fiber volume fraction of sisal and banana trunks 0:40, 10:30, 15:25, 20:20, 30:10, 40:0 (%) With direction of sisalana agave fiber orientation and banana fiber by fiber length according to the mold. Specimen testing was done by the water absorption test with the standard ASTM D571-8,. Test results obtained from the average water absorption properties of composites with the highest ratio of fiber volume fraction of 40%: 0% is 42.4% while the lowest average water absorption properties contained in the composite with fiber volume fraction of 0%: 40%, with percentage of 11.5%. Therefore we can conclude the increasing volume fraction of sisal fiber withidirection of  fiber orientation, the lower of water absorption properties and conversely increasing the volume of woven banana fiber orientation, the higher of water absorptionproperties.

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