scholarly journals Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients in Kütahya Province in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Cagla Ozdemir ◽  
Adem Durmaz ◽  
Nurcan Akbas Gunes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Aim: It is aimed to evaluate the epidemiological features of COVID-19 patients and risk factors affecting hospitalization. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 883 adult patients whose Polymerase Chain Reaction tests were positive for SARS-CoV-2 in Kütahya province until July 2020. The patients were questioned in terms of their socio-demographic characteristics, drugs, comorbidities, and symptoms. They were divided into two groups according to their hospitalization status and outpatient treatment status. Results: There were 473 female and 410 male participants in the study. 532 of 883 adult patients were hospitalized. The most common symptoms were fatigue (47.9%), myalgia (44.7%), and loss of smell and taste (32.4%). Hospitalization was associated with advanced age, low income, presence of additional disease, several symptoms, smoking, comorbidities including diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney diseases, cardiovascular and respiratory system. In multivariant analyses, advance age, low income, fever, dyspnea and chronic lung diseases were associated with increased odds of hospital admission. Conclusion: In our study, it was found that independent risk factors for hospitalization were advanced age, low income, fever, shortness of breath, and chronic lung diseases. We think that determining risk factors for hospitalization may be a guide for clinicians in predicting patient prognosis. Keywords: COVID-19, epidemiology, hospitalization, symptoms, comorbidity

Frailty and Associated Risk Factors in Elderly People with Health Examination in Rural Areas of China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie GU ◽  
Haiying CHEN ◽  
Xiaoqing GU ◽  
Xiaomin SUN ◽  
Zhigang PAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Frailty Phenotype ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Background: Frailty is a common syndrome in elderly people, but has not been fully studied in China. We aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of frailty and analyze its risk factors in elderly people in rural areas of China. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between September and October 2016. Overall, 4323 elderly people over 60 yr were enrolled by cluster random sampling method from the Fengxian District of Shanghai, China. These subjects voluntarily participated in the health examination of the 2016 National Basic Public Health Service Program. In addition to regular examination items, frailty assessment was performed on the basis of Fried frailty phenotype criteria. Results: The prevalence of pre-frailty and frailty was 49.4% and 6.8%, respectively. Advanced age (OR=1.44 for pre-frailty and OR=2.01 for frailty, 65-74 years old; OR=3.02 for pre-frailty and OR=14.13 for frailty,75-84 years old; OR=8.17 for pre-frailty and OR=71.71 for frailty, ≥85 years old), female (OR=1.32 for pre-frailty and OR=1.97 for frailty), stroke history (OR=1.75 for pre-frailty and OR=2.43 for frailty), vision decrease (OR=1.98 for pre-frailty and OR=2.70 for frailty), and anemia (OR=1.95 for pre-frailty and OR=3.64 for frailty) were common risk factors for both pre-frailty and frailty. Conclusion: Healthy elderly people in the rural areas of Shanghai have relatively high prevalence of pre-frailty and frailty. Advanced age, female, stroke history, decreased vision, and anemia are the risk factors for pre-frailty and frailty.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Bronchial Asthma among Adult Patients in Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, Ethiopia 2018: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sisay Tegegnework ◽  
Sindew Muhamud ◽  
Alebachew Demelash
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Debre Berhan ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Abstract Objective Bronchial asthma is one of the major public health challenges throughout the world that negatively impact patients, families and community. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of bronchial asthma among patients in adult emergency department of Debre Berhan Referral Hospital. A hospital based cross-sectional study design was used among 257 study participants. A systematic sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data was collected by using pretested and structured questionnaire and analyzed by using SPSS version 20.0. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the predictors of asthma. Results Prevalence of bronchial asthma among adult patients was 29.6%. Being an urban resident (AOR: 1.5: 95%CI: 1.3 - 3.9), income of household less than 1000 EBr/ month (AOR: 1.7: 95%CI: 1.6 - 4.1), having family history of asthma (AOR: 2.7: 95%CI: 1.3 - 5.8), and presence of vermin in the house (AOR: 2.4: 95%CI: 1.2 – 4.7) were significantly associated with bronchial asthma. The authors concluded that the prevalence of bronchial asthma among adult patients was high. Therefore, educational program about the risk factors and preventive measures of asthma is highly recommended.

scholarly journals Relationship between Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study among Low-Income Housewives in Kuala Lumpur

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6090
Author(s):  
Nur Zakiah Mohd Saat ◽  
Siti Aishah Hanawi ◽  
Nor M. F. Farah ◽  
Hazilah Mohd Amin ◽  
Hazlenah Hanafiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Cardiovascular disease is a significant public health concern worldwide, including in Malaysia. Various attempts have been made to resolve this issue. One of the most important methods of controlling cardiovascular risk factors is physical exercise. However, today’s women, especially housewives, are often identified by a lack of physical activity. This is alarming to society, as cardiovascular disease can affect the quality of their life. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors among low-income housewives in Kuala Lumpur. A total of 63 housewives participated in this cross-sectional study. All participating housewives were asked to fill out a sociodemographic questionnaire and the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). To evaluate cardiovascular risk factors, anthropometric measurements and blood samples were taken. Findings showed that an average of 70.5 ± 232.4 min/week was spent on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), which indicated a low level of physical activity. Data showed that 90.5% of the subjects had low physical activity, 6.3% were moderate, and 3.2% were considered as having a high level of physical activity. For body mass index (BMI), 58.7% of the respondents were obese, 28.6% were overweight (29.10 ± 5.67 kg m–2), and 81.0% of subjects had a waist circumference (WC) value above the normal range (92.74 ± 16.40 cm). A two-way ANOVA test revealed significant mean differences between systolic blood pressure (mm/Hg) and age groups (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, there was a significant association between MVPA and cardiovascular risk factors using negative binomial regression (p < 0.01). The findings of this study highlight the need for health promotional programs to raise awareness, educate, and engage low-income housewives in lifestyle-enhancing behaviors.

scholarly journals The burden of chronic respiratory diseases in adults in Nepal: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 147997312199457
Author(s):  
Winifred Ekezie ◽  
Alex Robert Jenkins ◽  
Ian Philip Hall ◽  
Catrin Evans ◽  
Rajendra Koju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases

While chronic lung disease causes substantial global morbidity and mortality, global estimates have primarily been based on broad assumptions. Specific country data from low-income countries such as Nepal are limited. This review assessed primary evidence on chronic respiratory disease burden among adults in Nepal. A systematic search was performed in June 2019 (updated May 2020) for studies through nine databases. High levels of heterogeneity deemed a narrative synthesis appropriate. Among 27 eligible studies identified, most were low-moderate quality with cross-sectional and retrospective study design. Chronic lung diseases identified were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, bronchiectasis and restrictive lung diseases. Studies were categorised as: (i) community-based, (ii) hospital-based and (iii) comorbidity-related and disease burden. Reported disease prevalence varied widely (COPD, 1.67–14.3%; asthma, 4.2–8.9%). The prevalence of airflow obstruction was higher among rural dwellers (15.8%) and those exposed to household air pollution from domestic biomass burning as opposed to liquid petroleum gas users (Odds Ratio: 2.06). Several comorbidities, including hypertension and diabetes mellitus added to the disease burden. The review shows limited literature on lung disease burden in Nepal. Publications varied in terms of overall quality. Good quality research studies with prospective cohorts related to respiratory conditions are required.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Metabolic Factors for Thyroid Nodules: A Cross-Sectional Study in Southwest of China with More Than 120 Thousand Populations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xu ◽  
Fanling Zeng ◽  
Yutong Wang ◽  
Ye Bai ◽  
Xuefeng Shan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Metabolic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Abstract Objective. To explore the prevalence and its associated metabolic factors of thyroid nodules (TNs) among subjects who participated in the physical examinations in Chongqing, China. Methods. The participants from the Health Management Center of JinShan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, between September 2015 and May 2020, were included in this study. All of the participants underwent thyroid ultrasonography, anthropometric measurements, and serum examinations. Differences in the TNs prevalence were compared with the chi-square test or Wilcoxon rang-sum test. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the metabolic factors associated with TNs and multi thyroid nodules (MTNs). Results. Of the included 121702 participants, 41547 had TNs, and 20899 had MTNs, with the prevalence of 34.1% and 17.0%, respectively. Women had a significantly higher prevalence of TNs than men (40.6% vs. 29.8%; χ2 = 1517.33, P < 0.001), and TNs prevalence was gradually increased with age (P for trend < 0.001). Female gender, advanced age, and metabolic factors including central obesity, BMI,hypertension, diabetes and fatty liver were positively associated with TNs; hyperlipoidemia and hyperuricemia were not independent risk factors of TNs. While female gender, advanced age, central obesity, hypertension and diabetes were independent risk factors of MTNs. Conclusions. The prevalence of thyroid nodules was relatively high. The associated factors identified in this study could help the clinicians to detect the high-risk patients and make targeted screening strategies for the preventing of the occurrence of TNs.

scholarly journals Clinico demographic profile of patients with bronchiectasis – A cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
BG Saroja
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Sputum Production ◽  
Few Data

Bronchiectasis (BE) is a common but neglected chronic lung disease. Most epidemiological data are limited to cohorts from Europe and the USA, with few data from low income and middle income countries “Bronchiectasis” is a chronic debilitating respiratory condition, natural history of Bronchiectasis is variable, some patients have only a few chest infections per year with no disease progression overtime, while others have more frequent prolonged infective episodes and progress more quickly to respiratory failure with an associated increase in risk of death.A vicious cycle of infection and inflammation exists in damaged airways with patient suffering from persistent cough, purulent sputum production, recurrent chest infections and general malaise, associated with increased morbidity and reduced quality of life and socioeconomic, cost of long term management is significant. 162 CT confirmed adult patients≥ 18 years were included in the study, data of patients were retrieved demography, clinical features, causative factors, spirometry and imaging reports were studied and analysed. 162 adult patients were included in the study. Males (54%) and more than 50 years age group population [64%] was predominantly affected. 58% were non-smokers.Chronic cough (100%) with sputum production (86%) and fatigue (78%) were the most common symptoms, digital clubbing and crackles were the most common examination findings. Dominant cause of BE was post infection (46%) followed by COPD (20%), ABPA (10%) and miscellaneous causes. Obstructive abnormality (42%) was the most common spirometric pattern observed. Higher incidence of cystic BE (57%) was found in our study. Patients &#62; 50 years and males were predominantly affected. Most of the study population had never smoked. Most common symptom found was chronic productive cough and fatigue. Etiology of BE is heterogeneous. Post Tuberculosis BE variety was common. BE in COPD patients was not less common. Central Bronchiectasis was not uncommon.

scholarly journals Predictors for mortality of inpatients of COVID-19 in Mumbai

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3079
Author(s):  
Prasad T. Dhikale ◽  
Smita S. Chavhan ◽  
Balkrishna B. Adsul ◽  
Kirti V. Kinge ◽  
Chinmay N. Gokhale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Kidney Diseases

Background: The estimation of risk factors for death can help in modifying the screening, treatment strategy and saving valuable lives. The published data about this topic from India is scarce. We aim to explore the risk factors of in-hospital deaths for COVID-19 patients.Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. All COVID-19 patients positive on reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) test who were admitted in this dedicated COVID hospital (DCH) in April to July 2020 and with definite outcome (death or discharge) till end of September 2020 were included in this study. To explore the risk factors associated with in-hospital death univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used.Results: Of the 6195 patients, 450 (7.26%) died. Age 40-60 years [AOR (CI)=4.53 (2.71-7.58)], age >60 years [AOR (CI)=17.42 (10.55-28.75)], suffering from diabetes mellitus [AOR (CI)=2.08 (1.66-2.6)], cardiovascular diseases [AOR (CI)=1.57 (1.14-2.17)], hypertension [AOR (CI)=1.43 (1.14-1.8)], chronic kidney diseases [AOR (CI)=2.78(2.02-3.82)] were found to be significant predictors of death after adjusting for potential confounders.Conclusions: Age >40 years, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, chronic kidney diseases are the independent predictors for mortality in COVID-19. These high risk groups should be given special attention for screening and treatment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document