scholarly journals Plasma Active Ghrelin Level in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Interrelationship with Insulin resistance, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia and Obesity

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Arvind Mishra ◽  
Anupam Mehrotra ◽  
Reshu Tewari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii

BACKGROUND: Ghrelin is a multi-functional gut-derived peptide hormone. Administered ghrelin has shown an increase in appetite and food intake and also stimulate the secretion of the growth hormone in rodents as well as in humans. Ghrelin is the strongest orexigenic hormone. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to estimate plasma active Ghrelin levels in type – II diabetes mellitus patients and establish its relation to Insulin Resistance, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia and Obesity. MATERIALS & METHODS: A total of 81 patients were enrolled in the study out of then 50 were the cases and 31 were controls. RESULTS: A significant negative correlation was found between Fasting plasma active ghrelin levels and systolic blood pressure (r = -0.71, p <0.02), diastolic blood pressure (r = -0.64, p <0.02) , obesity (r = -0.71, p <0.001), fasting insulin levels (r = -0.40, p <0.01), insulin resistance (r = -0.32, p <0.01).A deeper understanding on this interesting pleiotropic hormone could be anticipated to open new insights into the metabolic pathways causing a predisposition for obesity and its co-morbidities. JMS 2011;14(2):56-60

scholarly journals Hubungan Tekanan Darah Sistolik Dengan Kadar Trigliserida Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Di Klinik Arafah Lampung Tengah

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-236
Author(s):  
Toni Prasetia ◽  
Firhat Esfandiari ◽  
Sandhy Arya Pratama ◽  
Mohamad Imam Istawa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

ABSTRACT: CORRELATION OF SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE WITH TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS IN ARAFAH CLINIC, CENTRAL LAMPUNGBackground: Hypertension is the main risk factor for DM. Hypertension can make cells insensitive to insulin. Even though insulin plays a role in increasing glucose uptake in many cells and in this way also regulates carbohydrate metabolism, so that if insulin resistance occurs by cells, the blood sugar levels can also be disrupted. Dyslipidemia is a change in blood lipid profile, one of which is an increase in triglyceride levels. High triglyceride levels can cause thickening of the blood vessels and cause narrowing of the arteries.Objective: To determine the relationship between systolic blood pressure and triglyceride levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Klniki Arafah Tengah Lampung.Methodology: This research uses a descriptive-analytic research method with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique is Total Sampling. . Respondents in this study were patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the Arafah Clinic in Central Lampung in 2020.Results: It is known that in the sex frequency distribution, there were 16 men with 34.8% and 30 women with 65.2%. Distribution of frequency based on age, it was found that the age group 24-45 years numbered 7 patients (15.2%), the age group 46-65 years amounted to 32 patients (69.6%), and the group> 65 years amounted to 7 patients (15.2 %). It is known that the frequency distribution of systolic blood pressure in type II diabetes mellitus patients, it was found that type II diabetes mellitus patients with normal systolic blood pressure levels were 34 patients with 73.9%, while high systolic blood pressure levels were 12 patients with 26.1%. It is known that the frequency distribution of triglyceride levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus, it was found that 8 patients with normal triglycerides had normal triglyceride levels, and 38 patients (82.6%) had high triglyceride levels. The results of the chi-square statistical test found no relationship with the results of p = 898 (p> 0.05).Conclusion: There is no correlation between systolic blood pressure and cholesterol triglycerides in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at the Arafah Clinic, Central Lampung in 2020.                 Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Systolic Blood Pressure Triglierida INTISARI: HUBUNGAN TEKANAN DARAH SISTOLIK DENGAN KADAR TRIGLISERIDA PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI KLINIK ARAFAH LAMPUNG TENGAHLatar Belakang: Hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko untama untuk terjadinya DM. Hipertensi dapat membuat sel tidak sensitif terhadap insulin. Padahal insulin berperan meningkatkan ambilan glukosa di banyak sel dan dengan cara ini juga mengatur metabolisme karbohidrat, sehingga jika terjadi resistensi insulin oleh sel, maka kadar gula di dalam darah juga dapat mengalami gangguan. Dislipidemia adalah perubahan dari profil lipid darah salah satunya adalah peningkatan kadar trigliserida. Kadar trigliserida yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan penebalan pembuluh darah dan menyebabkan penyempitan pembuluh darahTujuan : Untuk mengetahui hubungan tekanan darah sistolik dengan kadar trigliserida pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di klniki arafah lampung tengahMetode : Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross – sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel berupa Total Sampling. . Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 di Klinik Arafah Lampung Tengah tahun 2020.Hasil : pada variabel trigliserida dan tekanan darah sistolik diperoleh nilai p Vale = 898 (p>0,05)Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat Hubungan Antara Tekanan Darah Sistolik dengan Trigliserida Kolesterol pada pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 di Klinik Arafah Lampung Tengah tahun 2020.Kata Kunci     : Diabetes Melitus tipe 2, Tekanan Darah Sistolil Triglierid

Amylin Pharmacology in Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis and Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel R Corrigan ◽  
Helen Piontkivska ◽  
Gemma Casadesus
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Amyloid Peptide ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Disease Pathogenesis ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects

: The metabolic peptide hormone amylin, in concert with other metabolic peptides like insulin and leptin, has an important role in metabolic homeostasis and has been intimately linked to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Interestingly, this pancreatic amyloid peptide is known to self-aggregate much like amyloid-beta and has been reported to be a source of pathogenesis in both Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer’s disease. The traditional “gain of toxic function” properties assigned to amyloid proteins are however contrasted by several reports highlighting neuroprotective effects amylin and a recombinant analog, pramlintide, in the context of these two diseases. This suggests that pharmacological therapies aimed at modulating the amylin receptor may be therapeutically beneficial for AD development, as they already are for T2DMM. However, the nature of amylin receptor signaling is highly complex and not well studied in the context of CNS function. Therefore, to begin to address this pharmacological paradox in amylin research, the goal of this review is to summarize the current research on amylin signaling and CNS functions and critically address paradoxical nature of this hormone's signaling in the context of AD pathogenesis.

DIABETIC STRIATOPATHY: A RARE PRESENTATION OF NONKETOTIC HYPERGLYCEMIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 108-109
Author(s):  
Ranjan Mallick ◽  
Shyam Sunder Hembram ◽  
Ram Chandra Bhadra Chandra Bhadra
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Acute Hyperglycaemia

Type II Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most common non-communicable diseases with innumerable & potentially life threatening complications. In 2017, approximately 462 million individuals were affected by type 2 diabetes corresponding to 6.28% of the world's population (4.4% of those aged 15-49 years, 15% of those aged 50-69, and 22% of those aged 70+), or a prevalence rate of 6059 cases per 100,000. Over 1 million deaths per year can be attributed to diabetes alone, making it the ninth leading cause of mortality. The burden of diabetes mellitus is rising globally, and at a much faster rate in developed regions, such as Western Europe. The gender distribution is equal, and the incidence peaks at around 55 years of age. Global prevalence of type 2 diabetes is projected to increase to 7079 individuals per 100,000 by 2030, reecting a continued rise across all regions of the world.[¹] . Two of the common complications due to acute hyperglycaemia are Diabetic Ketocidosis & Non ketotic hyperosmolar coma which are considered a spectrum of the same complication due to low circulating levels of insulin leading to impaired glucose metabolism by insulin dependant tissues with rising levels of anti-insulin hormones like glucagon, cortisol & catecholamines due to intracellular starvation resulting in hypergylcemia & fatty acid breakdown & ketonemia. Amongst the numerous complications of Type II Diabetes Mellitus, here we present a rare complication of acute hyperglycaemia and its radiological picture in the central nervous system. A 56 year old female patient with a history of Type II Diabetes Mellitus with Hypertension under long term medication came for a private consultation with a complaint of Right sided involuntary, random, irregular, inging and ailing, rapid, non-patterned movements for past 7 days. The patient was advised for an urgent MRI of Brain which demonstrated high T1 signal & low T2/FLAIR intensity with no diffusion restriction of DWI & ADC map in left sided putamen & head of caudate nucleus. We illustrated a rare classical nding of acute hyperglycemic effect on brain in a case of long standing Type II Diabetes Mellitus despite being on medications

scholarly journals Elevated serum uric acid and triglycerides level in the patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus- a Nepalese case control study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Hridaya Parajuli ◽  
Jyotsna Shakya ◽  
Bashu Dev Pardhe ◽  
Puspa Raj Khanal ◽  
Narayan Prasad Parajuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Hyperuricemia is associated with type 2 diabetes, which is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies resulting from defects in insulin action. The present study wascarried out to look for any association between uric acid and Type II Diabetes Mellitus and also status of triacylglycerol level among those patients.Methods: The blood samples were collected 100 diabetic and 100 non-diabetic individuals in the department of biochemistry and then analyzed for estimation of blood glucose, Uric Acid and Triacylglycerol level.Results: The average level of serum uric acid in diabetic patients was higher (5.706±1.617) in comparison to non diabetic subjects (4.322±0.784) with statistically significant difference (p≤0.05). For female the result indicate there was a positive correlation between (FBS and triglycerides) and (triglycerides and uric acids) which was statistically significant (r =-0.465, n = 41, p = 0.002) and(r =-0.370, n = 41, p = 0.017) respectively.Conclusions: This study documents that hyperuricemia is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, the serum triacylglycerol and serum uric acid is also found to be associated risk factors for diabetic complications. Hence, timely diagnosis and management of diabetes is vital to control the complications related to diabetes.Ann. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 2016:2(1); 26-34

scholarly journals Influence of Glycated Haemoglobin Levels on Intraocular Pressure in patients with Type –II Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Ajai Agrawal ◽  
Shubham Ahuja ◽  
Anupam Singh ◽  
Ramanuj Samanta ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Introduction: Patients with diabetes mellitus are at a higher risk of developing primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) as compared to non-diabetic patients. Objectives: To determine whether there is a correlation between hyperglycemic levels and intraocular pressure (IOP) and to identify patients of Type II diabetes mellitus who are at a higher risk of developing glaucoma. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based, cross sectional study performed on patients with type II diabetes mellitus, at a tertiary health care center in Uttarakhand, India between July, 2018 and September, 2018. 318 eyes of 159 patients with Type2 diabetes mellitus were included in the study. IOP was measured by Goldmannappla nation to no meter and central corneal thickness was measured with specula microscope in all patients, in addition to glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c) and fasting and post-prandial blood glucose levels. The data was analysed using SPSS 22 software. Results: Mean IOP was found to be 15.75 ± 3.18 mm Hg in patients with HbA1c levels between 6.5%-12% (Group I) and 17.42 ± 2.67 mm Hg in patients with HbA1c levels more than 12 % (Group II). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P =0.013). Out of 159 patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus, a total of 11 patients had IOP more than 21mm Hg in one or both the eyes. Conclusion: Hyperglycaemic levels as determined by raised HbA1c levels are associated with higher intraocular pressures in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Clinical evaluation of an Ayurvedic Formulation in the management of Avaranajanya Madhumeha (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 50-64
Author(s):  
DEVASHISH BHARDWAJ ◽  
VEENIT K. AGNIHOTRI ◽  
PRANAV PANDYA
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Research Plan ◽  
Urine Sugar ◽  
Diabetes Patients

A research plan has been developed in the present study to address the problems associated with Avaranajanya Madhumeha (type 2 diabetes). This research plan is based on the treatment methods of Ayurveda (ancient Indian medicine) and utilization of modern scientific methods as research tools. A specific ayurvedic herbo-mineral formulation has been prepared in Ghansatt (solid extract) form; the selected eight herbs and one herbo-mineral have anti-hyperglycemic (PRAMEHA HARA) and antihypercholestermic (MEDOHARA) properties with rejuvenative (RASAYANA) effects as described in classical ayurvedic methods. 15 diagnosed type II diabetes mellitus patients were selected through accidental sampling. Ayurvedic formulation was prescribed to type II diabetes patients for one year along with dietary restrictions. Diabetic diagnostic parameters of these patients like Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Post Patrum Blood Sugar (PPBS), Glycocylated Hemoglobin (HbA1C) and Urine Sugar Fasting were monitored every three months; these were measured before and after intervention. The obtained data were statistically analyzed through paired t-test. There was significant reduction in FBS level, PPBS level, HbA1C level and urine fasting sugar level in type 2 diabetes patients who completed the clinical trial successfully. Thus, ayurvedic formulation treatment lead to an overall significant reduction in blood sugar and urine sugar levels in type II diabetes patients. No side effects were noted during the study period. This study suggests that the ayurvedic formulation had very good hypoglycemic effects proved by clinical improvement and bio-chemical analysis of diabetes parameters in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus.

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