scholarly journals Multi-Stripe Seismic Assessment of Precast Industrial Buildings With Cladding Panels

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krunal Gajera ◽  
Bruno Dal Lago ◽  
Luca Capacci ◽  
Fabio Biondini
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Industrial Building ◽  
Lumped Mass ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Empirical Observation ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Cladding Panels

Following the empirical observation of widespread collapses of cladding panel connections of precast industrial buildings under recent seismic events, new design solutions have been developed in the framework of the European project SAFECLADDING, including isostatic systems effectively decoupling the seismic response of frame structure and cladding panels. The present paper is aimed at evaluating the seismic response and vulnerability of precast frame structures employing pendulum, cantilever, and rocking cladding connection systems. Within the framework of the research project RINTC–Implicit seismic risk of code-conforming structures funded by the Italian Civil Protection Department within the ReLUIS program, the seismic performance of a typical precast industrial building has been assessed with a probabilistic approach based on the results of static and multi-stripe dynamic non-linear analyses. The seismic vulnerability assessment of each structural system has been carried out with reference to life safety and damage limit states considering three sites of increasing seismic hazard in Italy. The effect of distributed panel mass modeling vs. more common lumped mass modeling has been analyzed and critically commented based on the results of demand over capacity (D/C) ratios. Moreover, biaxial seismic D/C ratios have been evaluated for realistic strong hinge connections for cladding panels.

Numerical Modeling of RC Bridges for Seismic Risk Analysis

2016 ◽  
pp. 457-481
Author(s):  
Pedro Silva Delgado ◽  
António Arêde ◽  
Nelson Vila Pouca ◽  
Aníbal Costa
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Seismic Analysis ◽  
Plastic Hinge ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Damage Model ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Concrete Bridges ◽  
Seismic Risk Analysis ◽  
Hinge Model

The main purpose of this chapter is to present numerical methodologies with different complexities in order to simulate the seismic response of bridges and then use the results for the safety assessment with one probabilistic approach. The numerical simulations are carried out using three different methodologies: (i) plastic hinge model, (ii) fiber model and (iii) damage model. Seismic response of bridges is based on a simplified plane model, with easy practical application and involving reduced calculation efforts while maintaining adequate accuracy. The evaluation of seismic vulnerability is carried out through the failure probability quantification involving a non-linear transformation of the seismic action in its structural effects. The applicability of the proposed methodologies is then illustrated in the seismic analysis of two reinforced concrete bridges, involving a series of experimental tests and numerical analysis, providing an excellent set of results for comparison and global calibration.

scholarly journals Seismic Vulnerability and Property Losses to the Portuguese Industrial Steel Building Stock

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-52
Author(s):  
Miguel Araújo ◽  
José Miguel Castro ◽  
Mário Marques
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Production Equipment ◽  
Industrial Building ◽  
Economic Resilience ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Industrial Property ◽  
Mainland Portugal ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Steel Building ◽  
Property Losses

Industry plays a key role in the economy of a country, people welfare and socio-economic resilience to natural disasters. Earthquakes are known to have damaging impacts on industrial property and activity, oftentimes resulting in costly structural and non-structural losses to industrial buildings, business closure, production failure and job losses. Notwithstanding this fact, the industrial building stock has been continuously excluded from seismic risk models developed for Portugal as it is usually assumed that industrial buildings are expected to withstand strong earthquakes due to their lightweight and design governed by wind loads. The aim of this paper is thus to give a first contribution to the assessment of the seismic vulnerability and property losses of the existing Portuguese industrial steel building stock. Both losses to structural and non-structural components and industry-specific contents, such as production equipment and machinery, are taken into account. The expected direct industrial property losses for a probability of exceedance of 10 % in 50 years for mainland Portugal are herein estimated.

An Innovative Dual System for New Structures or for the Retrofit of Precast Concrete Industrial Buildings

2016 ◽  
Vol 847 ◽  
pp. 257-265
Author(s):  
Massimo Latour ◽  
Marilena Paolillo ◽  
Gianvittorio Rizzano ◽  
Mariacristina Vergato
Keyword(s):  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Dual System ◽  
Seismic Behaviour ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Cladding Panels ◽  
Hysteretic Dampers

In this work, the possibility to improve the seismic behaviour of precast concrete buildings is examined by proposing the adoption of a dual system composed by the internal pendular columns of the building and the external cladding walls. To this scope, it is suggested to substitute the joints classically adopted at the top of the panels with a connection able to work as a slider with vertical axis and to insert at the bottom of the walls two or more hysteretic dampers working on the uplift of the cladding panels occurring under seismic actions. With this approach, with respect to the classical design philosophy, due to the participation of the cladding panels, the structure is stiffened, obtaining a reduction of the lateral drifts under serviceability limit states, and its seismic behavior is improved due to the additional source of energy dissipation represented by the dampers located at the base of the walls. The effectiveness of the suggested approach is verified on a case study designed following the proposed approach.

scholarly journals Stochastic Dynamic Analysis of Cultural Heritage Towers up to Collapse

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Emmanouil-Georgios S. Kouris ◽  
Leonidas-Alexandros S. Kouris ◽  
Avraam A. Konstantinidis ◽  
Stavros K. Kourkoulis ◽  
Chris G. Karayannis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Seismic Response ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Collapse Mechanism ◽  
Ultimate Limit State ◽  
Stochastic Dynamic ◽  
Damage State ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Capacity Curves

This paper deals with the seismic vulnerability of monumental unreinforced masonry (URM) towers, the fragility of which has not yet been sufficiently studied. Thus, the present paper fills this gap by developing models to investigate the seismic response of URM towers up to collapse. On mount Athos, Greece, there exist more than a hundred medieval towers, having served mainly as campaniles or fortifications. Eight representative towers were selected for a thorough investigation to estimate their seismic response characteristics. Their history and architectural features are initially discussed and a two-step analysis follows: (i) limit analysis is performed to estimate the collapse mechanism and the locations of critical cracks, (ii) non-linear explicit dynamic analyses are then carried out, developing finite element (FE) simulations, with cracks modelled as interfacial surfaces to derive the capacity curves. A meaningful definition of the damage states is proposed based on the characteristics of their capacity curves, with the ultimate limit state related to collapse. The onset of slight damage-state is characterised by the formation and development of cracks responsible for the collapse mechanism of the structure. Apart from these two, another two additional limit states are also specified: the moderate damage-state and the extensive one. Fragility and vulnerability curves are finally generated which can help the assessment and preservation of cultural heritage URM towers.

scholarly journals DEVELOPING ESTIMATION ALGORITHM OF RELIABILITY INDICATORS OF INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS

2018 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Valeriy Ivanovich Trofimov ◽  
Pavel Nicolaevich Sadchikov ◽  
Sergey Valerevich Belov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Residual Life ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Industrial Building ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Distribution Law ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Industrial Buildings

In terms of developing automated system of calculating and forecasting the residual life of industrial buildings the article compares the advantages and disadvantages of reliability models of industrial buildings. The scheme of examining mode of deformation of an industrial building has been created. Realization of successive actions helps to determine the terms of achievement of the limiting conditions of an industrial building, to estimate the reserve strength of its carcass, and to search for changes in the amplitude values of the displacements in the calculated points, according to the results of comparative analysis of corresponding values in different periods of industrial building operation at a constant value of the generalized load. There has been carried out comparative analysis of computer-aided design systems that revealed the need to develop the proper software product specialized in calculating the work of industrial structures equipped with electric bridge cranes, with a whole complex of disturbing effects. According to the results of calculation scheme there was developed a summary algorithm which implemented the possibility of solving direct, inverse and predictive problems, as well as realizing probabilistic approach as most appropriate for random nature of man-made and natural impact, and for the conditions of their perception. Summary algorithm generates the values of crane loads in the form of continuous random values in accordance with the distribution law for the given parameters of expectation and mean-square deviation. It enables to carry out comparative analysis of the obtained probabilistic values and results of the calculation of the normative values of loads under constant conditions of the system operation. This algorithm is the basis of the development of the settlement and software complex "ASR-2018".

scholarly journals Ultimate behaviour of cladding assemblages in industrial buildings

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Málaga-Chuquitaype
Keyword(s):  
Structural Response ◽  
Industrial Building ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Static Tests ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Building Systems ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Failure Conditions

Profiled steel sheeting is widely used as cladding systems in industrial buildings. These systems are normally composed of thin-walled cold-formed steel profiles attached to steel purlins, or side-rails, which are connected to the column elements by means of simple fastener arrangements. Extensive research has been carried out on the response of cold-formed cladding systems under out of plane loading and codified recommendations are available to estimate their resistance under serviceability and ultimate limit states for the purpose of conventional design verifications. Attention has also been placed recently on quantifying the degree of rotational flexibility offered by purlin-sheeting systems. Nevertheless, the ultimate response of such configurations involves complex interactions within the cladding-purlin-connection assemblage that need to be carefully examined in order to assess and quantify the large deformation response.The study reported in this paper focuses on the inelastic response of industrial cladding systems which are designed and detailed according to conventional European practice. Selected results from a series of quasi-static tests performed within a wider collaborative project aimed at assessing the local and global static and dynamic behaviour of industrial building systems are presented. Due to the comparatively more robust response of typical industrial frame elements, the tests focus on the performance of cladding-purlin-column assemblages. The test layout and boundary conditions are described and the discussion is centred on key structural response parameters, namely stiffness, strength and failure conditions. Preliminary numerical assessments carried out with a view to providing further analytical and design studies are also outlined.

scholarly journals Study on the Seismic Response of a Portal Frame Structure Based on the Transfer Matrix Method of Multibody System

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 614208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianguo Ding ◽  
Wei Zhuang ◽  
Pingxin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Transfer Matrix ◽  
Transfer Matrix Method ◽  
Matrix Method ◽  
Multibody System ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Industrial Building ◽  
Portal Frame ◽  
Portal Frame Structure

Portal frame structures are widely used in industrial building design but unfortunately are often damaged during an earthquake. As a result, a study on the seismic response of this type of structure is important to both human safety and future building designs. Traditionally, finite element methods such as the ANSYS and MIDAS have been used as the primary methods of computing the response of such a structure during an earthquake; however, these methods yield low calculation efficiencies. In this paper, the mechanical model of a single-story portal frame structure with two spans is constructed based on the transfer matrix method of multibody system (MS-TMM); both the transfer matrix of the components in the model and the total transfer matrix equation of the structure are derived, and the corresponding MATLAB program is compiled to determine the natural period and seismic response of the structure. The results show that the results based on the MS-TMM are similar to those obtained by ANSYS, but the calculation time of the MS-TMM method is only 1/20 of that of the ANSYS method. Additionally, it is shown that the MS-TMM method greatly increases the calculation efficiency while maintaining accuracy.

scholarly journals Crescent-Moon Beam-To-Column Connection for Precast Industrial Buildings

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Egidio Bressanelli ◽  
Marco Bosio ◽  
Andrea Belleri ◽  
Paolo Riva ◽  
Piergiovanni Biagiotti
Keyword(s):  
Design Procedure ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Industrial Building ◽  
Maximum Displacement ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Cladding Panels ◽  
Precast Elements ◽  
Seismic Forces

The 2012 Emilia earthquakes caused significant damage to existing precast reinforced concrete (RC) industrial buildings not specifically designed to resist seismic actions. The main failure mechanisms were related to the loss of support of beams and roof elements caused by high relative displacements, to the failure of the mechanical connections and consequent fall of cladding panels, to the damage at the base of the columns and to the collapse of RC forks at the top of the columns. In all cases, the behavior of the connections, and specifically of beam-to-column connections, demonstrated to be crucial, given that they may inhibit the exploitation of strength and ductility reserves in precast elements. This paper presents a beam-to-column connection restraint-device for precast industrial buildings. The device can be applied to existing structures to transfer horizontal seismic forces between beams and columns and to increase the energy dissipation of the system. Design criteria were defined with the aim to limit the relative maximum displacement at the beam-to-column interface and to mitigate the out-of-plane overturning of the beam. Numerical analyses were carried out to define a suitable shape of the device and to investigate its effectiveness in terms of both local and global behavior. To validate the computational results, experimental tests have been also carried out. The tests allowed to classify the device as “dissipative” according to UNI EN 15129. Finally, the design procedure has been validated considering a one-story industrial building case study designed in accordance with the Italian building code.

Functional and aesthetic transformation of industrial into housing spaces

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Stanojevic ◽  
Aleksandar Kekovic
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Industrial Building ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Industrial Heritage ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Industrial Architecture ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Xix Century

Buildings preservation by the conversion of their function has become a domain of interest in the field of industrial heritage. Due to the need to expand existing housing capacities in urban areas, a large number of industrial buildings are nowadays converted into multi-family and single-family housing. The paper deals with the analysis of the functional and aesthetic internal transformation of industrial into housing spaces. The research goal is to determine the principles of conceptualization of housing functional plan within the framework of the original physical structure of the industrial building, at the architectonic composition level and housing unit (dwelling) level. Besides, the paper aims to check the existence of common patterns of the aesthetic transformation of converted spaces, examined through three epochs of the development of industrial architecture: the second half of the XIX century, the first half of the XX century and the post-WWII period.

scholarly journals Design space exploration for flexibility assessment and decision making support in integrated industrial building design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Reisinger ◽  
Maximilian Knoll ◽  
Iva Kovacic
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Space Exploration ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Parametric Design ◽  
Space Exploration ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Industrial Building ◽  
Industrial Buildings

AbstractIndustrial buildings play a major role in sustainable development, producing and expending a significant amount of resources, energy and waste. Due to product individualization and accelerating technological advances in manufacturing, industrial buildings strive for highly flexible building structures to accommodate constantly evolving production processes. However, common sustainability assessment tools do not respect flexibility metrics and manufacturing and building design processes run sequentially, neglecting discipline-specific interaction, leading to inflexible solutions. In integrated industrial building design (IIBD), incorporating manufacturing and building disciplines simultaneously, design teams are faced with the choice of multiple conflicting criteria and complex design decisions, opening up a huge design space. To address these issues, this paper presents a parametric design process for efficient design space exploration in IIBD. A state-of-the-art survey and multiple case study are conducted to define four novel flexibility metrics and to develop a unified design space, respecting both building and manufacturing requirements. Based on these results, a parametric design process for automated structural optimization and quantitative flexibility assessment is developed, guiding the decision-making process towards increased sustainability. The proposed framework is tested on a pilot-project of a food and hygiene production, evaluating the design space representation and validating the flexibility metrics. Results confirmed the efficiency of the process that an evolutionary multi-objective optimization algorithm can be implemented in future research to enable multidisciplinary design optimization for flexible industrial building solutions.

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