Red LED Light Acts on the Mitochondrial Electron Chain of Donkey Sperm and Its Effects Depend on the Time of Exposure to Light

This work aimed to investigate how stimulation of donkey sperm with red LED light affects mitochondrial function. For this purpose, freshly diluted donkey semen was stimulated with red light for 1, 5, and 10 min, in the presence or absence of oligomycin A (Omy A), a specific inhibitor of mitochondrial ATP synthase, or FCCP, a specific disruptor of mitochondrial electron chain. The results obtained in the present study indicated that the effects of red LED light on fresh donkey sperm function are related to changes in mitochondria function. In effect, irradiation of donkey sperm resulted in an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), the activity of cytochrome C oxidase and the rate of oxygen consumption. In addition, in the absence of oligomycin A and FCCP, light-stimulation augmented the average path velocity (VAP) and modified the structure of motile sperm subpopulations, increasing the fastest and most linear subpopulation. In contrast, the presence of either Omy A or FCCP abolished the aforementioned effects. Interestingly, our results also showed that the effects of red light depend on the exposure time applied, as indicated by the observed differences between irradiation protocols. In conclusion, our results suggest that exposing fresh donkey sperm to red light modulates the function of their mitochondria through affecting the activity of the electron chain. However, the extent of this effect depends on the irradiation pattern and does not exclude the existence of other mechanisms, such as those related to thermotaxis.

Download Full-text

Photo Stimulation of Seminal Doses with Red LED Light from Duroc Boars and Resultant Fertility in Iberian Sows

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11061656 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1656

Author(s):

Sara Crespo ◽

Mateo Martínez ◽

Joaquín Gadea

Keyword(s):

Litter Size ◽

Artificial Insemination ◽

Red Light ◽

Led Light ◽

Red Led ◽

Commercial Farms ◽

Farrowing Rate ◽

Duration Of Pregnancy ◽

Production Conditions ◽

Stimulation Of

In pigs, it has been reported that increased farrowing rates and litter size have been induced by photostimulating the seminal doses for artificial insemination with red LED light. As the reproductive characteristics, production system, and outcome parameters of Iberian breed pigs are different from other commercial breeds, the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effect of illuminating seminal doses from Duroc boars with red LED light and the fertility outcomes of Iberian females. Semen samples were obtained from 38 fertile Duroc boars. Photostimulation of the artificial insemination (AI) seminal doses was carried out by illuminating the samples with a red LED for 10 min, followed by 10 min of darkness, and finally 10 additional minutes of red light. The fertility study was conducted on two commercial farms using multiparous Iberian sows (farm A, n = 824; farm B, n = 2131), that were randomly assigned to LED (L) or control (C) groups. No differences were found between L and C groups in both farms (p > 0.05) for parity, pregnancy rate, duration of pregnancy, farrowing rate, and litter size (total, alive, and stillborn piglets). Farrowing rates in farm A were 88.8% (n = 383) for control and 89.6% (n = 441, p = 0.67) for the LED group. In farm B, farrowing rates were C:90.5% (n = 1030) and L: 90.1% (n = 1101, p = 0.48). In farm A, total born piglets were 8.69 ± 0.11 for C and 8.71 ± 0.11 for L (p = 0.87). In farm B, the results were 8.72 ± 0.7 for C and 8.70 ± 0.06 (p = 0.82) for L. Under the production conditions for the Iberian breed, the photostimulation with red LED light using Duroc pig seminal doses was not effective in improving the fertility of Iberian sows.

Download Full-text

Red LED Light Acts on the Mitochondrial Electron Chain of Mammalian Sperm via Light-Time Exposure-Dependent Mechanisms

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells9122546 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 2546 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Olga Blanco-Prieto ◽

Jaime Catalán ◽

Lina Trujillo-Rojas ◽

Alejandro Peña ◽

Maria Montserrat Rivera del Álamo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Function ◽

Red Light ◽

Maximal Effect ◽

O2 Consumption ◽

Led Light ◽

Intracellular Atp ◽

Mammalian Sperm ◽

Atp Levels ◽

Red Led ◽

Oligomycin A

This work analyzes the effects of red LED light on mammalian sperm mitochondrial function, using the pig as an animal model. Liquid-stored pig semen was stimulated with red-light for 1, 5 and 10 min in the presence or absence of oligomycin A, a specific inhibitor of mitochondrial ATP synthase, or carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP), a specific disruptor of mitochondrial electron chain. Whereas exposure for 1 and 5 min significantly (p < 0.05) decreased total motility and intracellular ATP levels, irradiation for 10 min induced the opposite effect. Oligomycin A abolished the light-effects on intracellular ATP levels, O2 consumption and mitochondrial membrane potential, whereas compared to non-irradiated samples, FCCP significantly (p < 0.05) increased O2 consumption when sperm were irradiated for 1 min. Both oligomycin A and FCCP significantly (p < 0.05) decreased total motility. Red-light increased cytochrome c oxidase activity with a maximal effect after 5 min of irradiation, which was abolished by both oligomycin A and FCCP. In conclusion, red-light modulates sperm mitochondrial function via electron chain activity in an exposition, time-dependent manner.

Download Full-text

Dynamics of the processes leading to the acquisition of sensitivity to very low fluence of photons inDatura feroxseeds

Seed Science Research ◽

10.1017/s0960258513000263 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 233-239

Author(s):

Gabriela Alejandra Auge ◽

Lucila de Miguel

Keyword(s):

Physiological State ◽

Red Light ◽

Light Sensitivity ◽

Growth Potential ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

Phytochrome A ◽

Light Stimulation ◽

Endosperm Weakening ◽

Signalling Network ◽

Stimulation Of

AbstractSoil tillage operations stimulate germination of buried seeds in cultivated lands, allowing them to perceive light as a germination-promoting factor. The time of burial and the effect of changing environmental factors affect the physiological state of the seeds, which may lead to an extreme light-sensitivity and very low fluence response (VLFR) through phytochrome A. This paper describes the influence of the progressive process of dormancy breakage, which is accompanied by the acquisition of extreme light-sensitivity, on processes associated with endosperm weakening and embryo growth potential in the VLFR-mediated promotion ofDatura feroxseed germination. Our results show that endosperm weakening is mainly limited by β-mannosidase enzyme activity after far-red light stimulation, which is highly dependent on the dormancy level of the seeds. In addition, stimulation of the embryo growth potential by far-red irradiation did not require an extreme light-sensitivity to very low fluence of photons to reach its maximum response, and it was not completely correlated with expansin gene expression in the embryo. Our work indicates that responses of endosperm weakening and embryo growth potential to far-red irradiation, dependent on dormancy level, have different requirements for stimulation by the signalling network initiated by phytochrome A during the course of the very low fluence response inDatura feroxseeds.

Download Full-text

Oligomycin A-induced inhibition of mitochondrial ATP-synthase activity suppresses boar sperm motility and in vitro capacitation achievement without modifying overall sperm energy levels

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rd13145 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 883 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Laura Ramió-Lluch ◽

Marc Yeste ◽

Josep M. Fernández-Novell ◽

Efrén Estrada ◽

Luiz Rocha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atp Synthase ◽

Energy Levels ◽

Specific Inhibitor ◽

O2 Consumption ◽

Atp Levels ◽

Mitochondrial Atp Synthase ◽

Oligomycin A ◽

Boar Sperm ◽

Induced Changes

Incubation of boar spermatozoa in a capacitation medium with oligomycin A, a specific inhibitor of the F0 component of the mitochondrial ATP synthase, induced an immediate and almost complete immobilisation of cells. Oligomycin A also inhibited the ability of spermatozoa to achieve feasible in vitro capacitation (IVC), as measured through IVC-compatible changes in motility patterns, tyrosine phosphorylation levels of the acrosomal p32 protein, membrane fluidity and the ability of spermatozoa to achieve subsequent, progesterone-induced in vitro acrosome exocytosis (IVAE). Both inhibitory effects were caused without changes in the rhythm of O2 consumption, intracellular ATP levels or mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). IVAE was accompanied by a fast and intense peak in O2 consumption and ATP levels in control spermatozoa. Oligomycin A also inhibited progesterone-induced IVAE as well as the concomitant peaks of O2 consumption and ATP levels. The effect of oligomycin on IVAE was also accompanied by concomitant alterations in the IVAE-induced changes on intracellular Ca2+ levels and MMP. Our results suggest that the oligomycin A-sensitive mitochondrial ATP-synthase activity is instrumental in the achievement of an adequate boar sperm motion pattern, IVC and IVAE. However, this effect seems not to be linked to changes in the overall maintenance of adequate energy levels in stages other than IVAE.

Download Full-text

Effect of Light-Emitting Diode (Led) Light on the Gene Expression Related With Ascorbate Biosynthesis and Metabolism in Broccoli Florets

KnE Life Sciences ◽

10.18502/kls.v2i6.1073 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (6) ◽

pp. 529

Author(s):

Chandra Kurnia Setiawan ◽

Supriyadi Supriyadi ◽

Umar Santoso ◽

Gang Ma ◽

Masaya Kato

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Mrna Level ◽

Red Light ◽

Light Treatment ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Led Light ◽

Red Led ◽

Effect Of Light

Ascorbate is one of the most abundant soluble antioxidants in the plant. Multiple functions of ascorbate in photo protection have been proposed, including scavenging of reactive oxygen species generated by oxygen photoreduction and photorespiration. There is still unclear information relation to LED light with Ascorbate biosynthesis and metabolism, yellowing, chlorophyll content, and ethylene production in broccoli florets. The effect of light-emitting diodes (LED) light on ascorbate (AsA) biosynthesis and metabolism in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. Italica) cultivar “Ryokurei” were studied using red (660 nm), blue (470 nm) and white LED lights as the light source and also no light treatment as the control. Gene expression involved in the biosynthesis and metabolism of AsA, AsA content, color, chlorophyll content and ethylene production rate on the postharvest broccoli were observed in 4 days. The result showed that after two days, red light treatment significantly (p < 0,05) delayed the decrease of ascorbate content. The result was supported by observations using Real-Time Quantitative RT-PCR showed that red light treatment can suppress mRNA level of BO-APX1, BO-APX2, and BO-sAPX on the third day. Observation of BO-GLDH mRNA level was increased in the third-day exposure of red LED light. Therefore red LED light showed up-regulated AsA biosynthesis transcriptional level. Enzymes which possibility responsible for AsA metabolism and biosynthesis in a row were Ascorbate Peroxide (APX) and L-Galactono-1,4-Lactone Dehydrogenase (GLDH). The regulation of this gene expression might contribute to the suppression of AsA reduction by red LED light treatment in broccoli. Red LED also showed suppression of yellowing and decline the chlorophyll content in postharvest broccoli florets. Keywords: ascorbate, LED; broccoli; gene expression; real-time quantitative RT-PCR.

Download Full-text

Light Stimulation of Active Transport in Hydrodictyon africanum

The Journal of General Physiology ◽

10.1085/jgp.50.6.1627 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 50 (6) ◽

pp. 1627-1640 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

J. A. Raven

Keyword(s):

Active Transport ◽

Photosystem 2 ◽

Red Light ◽

Gas Mixtures ◽

Light Stimulation ◽

Cyclic Photophosphorylation ◽

Na Efflux ◽

Stimulation Of

The mechanism of light stimulation of active K and Cl influx and active Na efflux, in Hydrodictyon africanum has been investigated using different wavelengths of red light and different gas mixtures, and the inhibitors DCMU and CCCP. The active Cl influx requires photosystem 2, since its relative quantal efficiency falls with increasing wavelength of red light, and it is as sensitive to the inhibitor DCMU as is photosynthesis; it is relatively insensitive to the uncoupler CCCP. The active K influx and active Na efflux are inhibited by CCCP, but the relative quantal efficiency of these processes increases with increasing wavelength of red light, and they are relatively insensitive to DCMU. These cation fluxes can be supported by cyclic photophosphorylation, whereas Cl influx needs photosystem 2 but probably not ATP.

Download Full-text

PHOTOTHERAPY FOR MILD TO MODERATE ACNE VULGARIS WITH PORTABLE BLUE AND RED LED

Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences ◽

10.1142/s1793545811001241 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 04 (01) ◽

pp. 45-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

GUANGDA LIU ◽

CHANGE PAN ◽

KAI LI ◽

YUAN TAN ◽

XUNBIN WEI

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Acne Vulgaris ◽

Red Light ◽

Light Sources ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Led Light ◽

Led Phototherapy ◽

Red Led ◽

Complete Treatment

In this paper, we studied portable blue and red light-emitting-diode (LED) light sources in phototherapy for mild to moderate acne vulgaris to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of patients. Patients, randomly divided into blue and red groups, received either blue or red LED phototherapy twice a week for four weeks. After complete treatment, the number of lesions reduced by 71.4% in the blue group, in contrast to 19.5% in the red group. No obvious side effects were observed during and one month after the treatment, except for some mild dryness mentioned by several patients.

Download Full-text

Illumination Policies for Stichococcus sp. Cultures in an Optimally Operating Lab-Scale PBR toward the Directed Photosynthetic Production of Desired Products

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13052489 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 2489

Author(s):

Paraskevi Psachoulia ◽

Christos Chatzidoukas

Keyword(s):

Blue Light ◽

White Light ◽

Red Light ◽

Biomass Concentration ◽

Biomass Productivity ◽

Metabolite Profile ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Light Spectrum ◽

Led Light ◽

Red Led

The light spectrum effect on the cultivation efficiency of the microalgae strain Stichococcus sp. is explored, as a means of potentially intensifying the biomass productivity and regulating the cellular composition. Stichococcus sp. batch culture experiments, within a 3 L bench-top photobioreactor (PBR), are designed and implemented under different light spectrum profiles (i.e., cool white light (WL), cool white combined with red light (WRL), and cool white combined with blue light, (WBL)). The obtained results indicate that the studied strain is capable of adapting its metabolite profile to the light field to which it is exposed. The highest biomass concentration (3.5 g/L), combined with intense carbohydrate accumulation activity, resulting in a respective final concentration of 1.15 g/L was achieved within 17 days using exclusively cool white light of increasing intensity. The addition of blue light emitting diodes (LED) light, combined with appropriately selected culture conditions, contributed significantly to the massive synthesis and accumulation of lipids, resulting in a concentration of 1.43 g/L and a respective content of 46.13% w/w, with a distinct impact on biomass, carbohydrates and proteins productivity. Finally, a beneficial contribution of red LED light to the protein synthesis is recognized and this can be conditionally amplified provided nitrogen sufficiency in the culture medium.

Download Full-text

Einfluss der Rotlichtstimulation auf die Fruchtbarkeit von Ebersperma

Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe G Großtiere / Nutztiere ◽

10.1055/a-1004-9968 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (05) ◽

pp. 328-329

Keyword(s):

Artificial Insemination ◽

Red Light ◽

Light Stimulation ◽

Boar Semen ◽

Stimulation Of

Blanco Prieto O, Catalán J, Lleonart M et al. Red-light stimulation of boar semen prior to artificial insemination improves field fertility in farms: A worldwide survey. Reprod Dom Anim 2019; 54: 1145–1148 In der weltweiten Schweinezucht ist die künstliche Besamung (KB) mit flüssigkonserviertem Sperma die vorherrschende Methode in der Reproduktion. Aus diesem Grund spielt die Optimierung der KB und damit der Reproduktionsleistung eine wichtige wirtschaftliche Rolle. Mehreren Studien zufolge kann die Rotlichtstimulation mit verschiedenen Lichtquellen die Beweglichkeit und In-vitro-Fertilisationsfähigkeit der Spermien von Säugetieren verbessern. Bei Ebersperma ließ sich zeigen, dass eine LED-basierte Rotlichtstimulation die Befruchtungsfähigkeit in vivo erhöht. Andere Studien ergaben variable Effekte der Rotlichtstimulation auf die in vitro untersuchten Spermienqualitätsparameter. Ziel dieser Studie war daher zu überprüfen, ob die Rotlichtstimulation mit dem Gerät MaXipig® unmittelbar vor der KB die mit dem behandelten Ebersperma erzielte Reproduktionsleistung steigert.

Download Full-text