Photo Stimulation of Seminal Doses with Red LED Light from Duroc Boars and Resultant Fertility in Iberian Sows

In pigs, it has been reported that increased farrowing rates and litter size have been induced by photostimulating the seminal doses for artificial insemination with red LED light. As the reproductive characteristics, production system, and outcome parameters of Iberian breed pigs are different from other commercial breeds, the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effect of illuminating seminal doses from Duroc boars with red LED light and the fertility outcomes of Iberian females. Semen samples were obtained from 38 fertile Duroc boars. Photostimulation of the artificial insemination (AI) seminal doses was carried out by illuminating the samples with a red LED for 10 min, followed by 10 min of darkness, and finally 10 additional minutes of red light. The fertility study was conducted on two commercial farms using multiparous Iberian sows (farm A, n = 824; farm B, n = 2131), that were randomly assigned to LED (L) or control (C) groups. No differences were found between L and C groups in both farms (p > 0.05) for parity, pregnancy rate, duration of pregnancy, farrowing rate, and litter size (total, alive, and stillborn piglets). Farrowing rates in farm A were 88.8% (n = 383) for control and 89.6% (n = 441, p = 0.67) for the LED group. In farm B, farrowing rates were C:90.5% (n = 1030) and L: 90.1% (n = 1101, p = 0.48). In farm A, total born piglets were 8.69 ± 0.11 for C and 8.71 ± 0.11 for L (p = 0.87). In farm B, the results were 8.72 ± 0.7 for C and 8.70 ± 0.06 (p = 0.82) for L. Under the production conditions for the Iberian breed, the photostimulation with red LED light using Duroc pig seminal doses was not effective in improving the fertility of Iberian sows.

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Red LED Light Acts on the Mitochondrial Electron Chain of Donkey Sperm and Its Effects Depend on the Time of Exposure to Light

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology ◽

10.3389/fcell.2020.588621 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jaime Catalán ◽

Marion Papas ◽

Lina Trujillo-Rojas ◽

Olga Blanco-Prieto ◽

Sebastián Bonilla-Correal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Red Light ◽

Specific Inhibitor ◽

Motile Sperm ◽

Light Stimulation ◽

Led Light ◽

Mitochondrial Atp Synthase ◽

Red Led ◽

Oligomycin A ◽

Rate Of Oxygen Consumption ◽

Stimulation Of

This work aimed to investigate how stimulation of donkey sperm with red LED light affects mitochondrial function. For this purpose, freshly diluted donkey semen was stimulated with red light for 1, 5, and 10 min, in the presence or absence of oligomycin A (Omy A), a specific inhibitor of mitochondrial ATP synthase, or FCCP, a specific disruptor of mitochondrial electron chain. The results obtained in the present study indicated that the effects of red LED light on fresh donkey sperm function are related to changes in mitochondria function. In effect, irradiation of donkey sperm resulted in an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), the activity of cytochrome C oxidase and the rate of oxygen consumption. In addition, in the absence of oligomycin A and FCCP, light-stimulation augmented the average path velocity (VAP) and modified the structure of motile sperm subpopulations, increasing the fastest and most linear subpopulation. In contrast, the presence of either Omy A or FCCP abolished the aforementioned effects. Interestingly, our results also showed that the effects of red light depend on the exposure time applied, as indicated by the observed differences between irradiation protocols. In conclusion, our results suggest that exposing fresh donkey sperm to red light modulates the function of their mitochondria through affecting the activity of the electron chain. However, the extent of this effect depends on the irradiation pattern and does not exclude the existence of other mechanisms, such as those related to thermotaxis.

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Semen Viability Properties of Sexually Stimulated Boars on the Fertilization Capacity of Artificially Inseminated Large White Sows

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.bf-1413 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tshepo Teele

Keyword(s):

Litter Size ◽

Artificial Insemination ◽

Practical Method ◽

Return Rate ◽

Practical Significance ◽

Large White ◽

Sexual Stimulation ◽

Semen Collection ◽

Fertilization Capacity ◽

Farrowing Rate

Background: This study aimed to investigate the influences of sexual preparation on the effects of boars’ semen viability on the fertilization capacity of artificially inseminated sows. After all, boar sires more pigs than farrowed by a sow which the boar has been mated to improve reproductive parameters in response to AI. Methods: The semen viability of boars were studied during various sexual stimulations and analyzed during the study period. Sperm rich fractions were collected and separated at every level of sexual stimulation during the morning (08:30) and the afternoon (14:30) hours, respectively. Artificial insemination was performed following three levels of sexual preparations of boars (0 minutes of sexual restraint (MSR), 5 MSR and 10 MSR) before semen collection. Receptive sows were inseminated and evaluated for fertility traits using non-return rate, farrowing rate and litter size. Result: The non-return rate was recorded as a percentage of sows conceived after insemination over the total number of sows inseminated. The farrowing rate was recorded as a percentage of sows that farrows over the number of sows conceived and litter size as several live piglets per sow. Sexual desire was influenced by sexual preparations and significantly influenced the fertility of the artificially inseminated sows. This study is of practical significance to the animal breeder mainly because boars have greater influence than sows on the average litter size and live piglets. The study concludes that the use of at least 5 to 10 minutes of sexual restraint during the afternoon periods prior to semen collection and artificial insemination is found to be a practical method for optimizing sperm viability and fertility of sows in the intensive system.

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Sperm concentration on the intrauterine artificial insemination in swine

Ciência e Agrotecnologia ◽

10.1590/s1413-70542009000600030 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 1671-1674

Author(s):

Joana Miller ◽

Ana Luísa Neves Alvarenga ◽

Luis David Solis Murgas ◽

Adriana Cristina da Silva ◽

Ricardo Sales Araújo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Litter Size ◽

Reproductive Performance ◽

Artificial Insemination ◽

Intrauterine Insemination ◽

Sperm Concentration ◽

Conception Rate ◽

Cervical Canal ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Estrus Detection ◽

Farrowing Rate

The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of the intrauterine insemination (IUI) in swine, considering the conception rate, farrowing rate, litter size (alive born pigs). For the IUI, the females had been insemination at 24 and 48 hours after the estrus detection, and the inseminating doses of 500 million, 1 billion, 1.5 billion and 2 billion spermatozoa in 20 mL extender had been used. The procedure of catheter insertion through the cervical canal was successfully performed in 97.9% of the females. The conception rate was 6.3% in the IUI. The farrowing rate in IUI was 87.2% but the farrowing rate was 100% for the sperm concentration of 500 million. Regarding the number of born pigs and alive born pigs observed in females inseminated with IUI, no significant difference was observed (p > 0.05). The concentration of 500 x 10(6) spermatozoa in 20 mL extender in the intrauterine insemination resulted in an optimal reproductive performance.

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Effect of lighting schedule, intensity, and colour on reproductive performance of rabbit does

World Rabbit Science ◽

10.4995/wrs.2021.14623 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Yingjie Wu ◽

Ang Zhao ◽

Yinghe Qin

Keyword(s):

Litter Size ◽

Reproductive Performance ◽

White Light ◽

Artificial Insemination ◽

Red Light ◽

Conception Rate ◽

Reproductive Parameters ◽

Litter Weight ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Size At Birth

In order to establish a lighting regime suitable for rabbit farms in East China, the effects of lighting schedule, intensity and colour on the reproductive performance of rabbit does were evaluated by three experiments, respectively. In experiment 1, does were exposed to different lighting schedules: 16L:8D-continuous, 16L:8D-18d (6 d before artificial insemination (AI) to 12 d post-AI), 16L:8D-6d (6 d before AI to the day of AI) and 12L:12D-continuous. In experiment 2, does were exposed to different light intensities: 40 lx, 60 lx, 80 lx and 120 lx. In experiment 3, does were exposed to different light colours: white, yellow, blue and red. For all experiments, conception rate, kindling rate and pre-weaning mortality were calculated; litter size at birth, litter weight at birth, litter size at weaning, litter weight at weaning and individual kit weight at weaning were recorded. Results showed that none of the reproductive parameters of does were affected by the application of 16L:8D-18d lighting schedule compared with the continuous 16L:8D group(P>0.05). Moreover, rabbits does exposed to 80 lx light performed as well as those under 120 lx light in conception rate, kindling rate, litter size (total and alive) at birth and litter weight at birth (P>0.05). Furthermore, the exposures of 60 lx and 80 lx light were beneficial for litter weight at weaning. In addition, red light had a positive effect, as it led to a larger litter size and litter weight at weaning and lower pre-weaning mortality than white light (P<0.05). In summary, a 16L:8D photoperiod with 80 lx red light from 6 d before AI to 12 d post-AI is recommended for use in breeding of rabbit does according to our results.

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Reproductive performance of sows submitted to intrauterine insemination

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/s1516-35982009000800009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 38 (8) ◽

pp. 1460-1467 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Éder Batalha Araújo ◽

Eduardo Paulino da Costa ◽

Aurea Helena Assis da Costa ◽

Flávio Guiselli Lopes ◽

Gustavo Guerino Macedo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Litter Size ◽

Reproductive Performance ◽

Artificial Insemination ◽

Intrauterine Insemination ◽

Block Design ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Farrowing Rate

The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproductive performance of sows artificially inseminated by the intrauterine (IAIU) technique. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design, with 300 sows being distributed in five insemination techniques: control, intra-cervical (IAIC) with 3x10(9) spermatozoa/100 mL; intrauterine (IAIU) with 1x10(9) spermatozoa/100 mL; intrauterine with com 1x10(9) spermatozoa/50 mL; intrauterine with 5x10(8) spermatozoa/100 mL; and intrauterine com 5x10(8) spermatozoa/50 mL. The sows submitted to intrauterine insemination presented a farrowing rate of 90.8% and return to estrus rate of 9.2%, which did not differ from the rates obtained by the intra-cervical technique (90.0% and 10.0%, respectively). Total litter size did not differ between the techniques, with the means being from 11.4 to 11.9 piglets at farrowing. Although 4.6% of the sows submitted to intrauterine artificial insemination had difficulty with pipette insertion into the cervix, 100% of them were inseminated. When evaluating semen backflow, no difference was found between the intra-cervical and intrauterine insemination techniques. However, total semen backflow was higher in sows submitted to inter-cervical insemination. No difference was found in the presence of blood between the two methods evaluated. Hence, any of the intrauterine insemination techniques can substitute inter-cervical artificial insemination without damaging the reproductive performance of the animals.

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Effect of Light-Emitting Diode (Led) Light on the Gene Expression Related With Ascorbate Biosynthesis and Metabolism in Broccoli Florets

KnE Life Sciences ◽

10.18502/kls.v2i6.1073 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (6) ◽

pp. 529

Author(s):

Chandra Kurnia Setiawan ◽

Supriyadi Supriyadi ◽

Umar Santoso ◽

Gang Ma ◽

Masaya Kato

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Mrna Level ◽

Red Light ◽

Light Treatment ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Led Light ◽

Red Led ◽

Effect Of Light

Ascorbate is one of the most abundant soluble antioxidants in the plant. Multiple functions of ascorbate in photo protection have been proposed, including scavenging of reactive oxygen species generated by oxygen photoreduction and photorespiration. There is still unclear information relation to LED light with Ascorbate biosynthesis and metabolism, yellowing, chlorophyll content, and ethylene production in broccoli florets. The effect of light-emitting diodes (LED) light on ascorbate (AsA) biosynthesis and metabolism in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. Italica) cultivar “Ryokurei” were studied using red (660 nm), blue (470 nm) and white LED lights as the light source and also no light treatment as the control. Gene expression involved in the biosynthesis and metabolism of AsA, AsA content, color, chlorophyll content and ethylene production rate on the postharvest broccoli were observed in 4 days. The result showed that after two days, red light treatment significantly (p < 0,05) delayed the decrease of ascorbate content. The result was supported by observations using Real-Time Quantitative RT-PCR showed that red light treatment can suppress mRNA level of BO-APX1, BO-APX2, and BO-sAPX on the third day. Observation of BO-GLDH mRNA level was increased in the third-day exposure of red LED light. Therefore red LED light showed up-regulated AsA biosynthesis transcriptional level. Enzymes which possibility responsible for AsA metabolism and biosynthesis in a row were Ascorbate Peroxide (APX) and L-Galactono-1,4-Lactone Dehydrogenase (GLDH). The regulation of this gene expression might contribute to the suppression of AsA reduction by red LED light treatment in broccoli. Red LED also showed suppression of yellowing and decline the chlorophyll content in postharvest broccoli florets. Keywords: ascorbate, LED; broccoli; gene expression; real-time quantitative RT-PCR.

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The impact of oestrus synchronization by hormone medication and varying numbers of artificial insemination sessions, determined by sow reproductive indices

Veterinarska stanica ◽

10.46419/vs.52.5.6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Jani Mavromati ◽

Luigj Turmalaj

Keyword(s):

Uniform Distribution ◽

Litter Size ◽

Artificial Insemination ◽

Average Litter Size ◽

Pig Farm ◽

Synchronization Scheme ◽

The Impact ◽

Farrowing Rate ◽

Reproductive Indices

This study was conducted on a central Albanian pig farm with a capacity of 80 sows. A uniform distribution of piglets born and the number of reared piglets sold every week and month was the target. To achieve this goal, a hormone-based synchronization scheme was used, combined with the use of one, two, or three artificial insemination sessions during the same oestrus. The main reproduction indices of sows were monitored, and the results indicated that the farrowing rate after the first insemination was 78.57%, 83.64% and 83.33% for the three groups in which one, two and three artificial insemination sessions were used during the same oestrus, obtained by inoculation with the hormone Sergon PG 400/200 IU. Average litter size (the number of live born piglets) per farrowing sow was 10.22 ± 0.33, 10.8 ± 0.2 and 10.6 ± 0.3 in the three groups, respectively. The fecundity index (FI) was 803, 905.8 and 883.3 in the three experimental groups of sows, respectively. A total of 1436 piglets from 136 farrowing sows were sold during 2018, achieving uniform sales of over 100 pigs per month with a weight over 90 kg. Therefore, it can be concluded that oestrus synchronization of sows with the Sergon PG 400/200 hormone can achieve a uniform distribution of piglets born and consequently a uniform distribution of piglets sales per week or month, regardless of the fact that this should be achieved at a larger scale. The best result as seen in the reproductive indicators was achieved by the use of artificial insemination with two sperm inoculations at a 12-hour interval during the same oestrus, synchronized by the Sergon PG 400/200 hormone.

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PHOTOTHERAPY FOR MILD TO MODERATE ACNE VULGARIS WITH PORTABLE BLUE AND RED LED

Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences ◽

10.1142/s1793545811001241 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 04 (01) ◽

pp. 45-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

GUANGDA LIU ◽

CHANGE PAN ◽

KAI LI ◽

YUAN TAN ◽

XUNBIN WEI

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Acne Vulgaris ◽

Red Light ◽

Light Sources ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Led Light ◽

Led Phototherapy ◽

Red Led ◽

Complete Treatment

In this paper, we studied portable blue and red light-emitting-diode (LED) light sources in phototherapy for mild to moderate acne vulgaris to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of patients. Patients, randomly divided into blue and red groups, received either blue or red LED phototherapy twice a week for four weeks. After complete treatment, the number of lesions reduced by 71.4% in the blue group, in contrast to 19.5% in the red group. No obvious side effects were observed during and one month after the treatment, except for some mild dryness mentioned by several patients.

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Illumination Policies for Stichococcus sp. Cultures in an Optimally Operating Lab-Scale PBR toward the Directed Photosynthetic Production of Desired Products

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13052489 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 2489

Author(s):

Paraskevi Psachoulia ◽

Christos Chatzidoukas

Keyword(s):

Blue Light ◽

White Light ◽

Red Light ◽

Biomass Concentration ◽

Biomass Productivity ◽

Metabolite Profile ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Light Spectrum ◽

Led Light ◽

Red Led

The light spectrum effect on the cultivation efficiency of the microalgae strain Stichococcus sp. is explored, as a means of potentially intensifying the biomass productivity and regulating the cellular composition. Stichococcus sp. batch culture experiments, within a 3 L bench-top photobioreactor (PBR), are designed and implemented under different light spectrum profiles (i.e., cool white light (WL), cool white combined with red light (WRL), and cool white combined with blue light, (WBL)). The obtained results indicate that the studied strain is capable of adapting its metabolite profile to the light field to which it is exposed. The highest biomass concentration (3.5 g/L), combined with intense carbohydrate accumulation activity, resulting in a respective final concentration of 1.15 g/L was achieved within 17 days using exclusively cool white light of increasing intensity. The addition of blue light emitting diodes (LED) light, combined with appropriately selected culture conditions, contributed significantly to the massive synthesis and accumulation of lipids, resulting in a concentration of 1.43 g/L and a respective content of 46.13% w/w, with a distinct impact on biomass, carbohydrates and proteins productivity. Finally, a beneficial contribution of red LED light to the protein synthesis is recognized and this can be conditionally amplified provided nitrogen sufficiency in the culture medium.

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Measurement of Oxidative Stress Index in Seminal Plasma Can Predict In Vivo Fertility of Liquid-Stored Porcine Artificial Insemination Semen Doses

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10081203 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1203

Author(s):

Isabel Barranco ◽

Camila P. Rubio ◽

Asta Tvarijonaviciute ◽

Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez ◽

Jordi Roca

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Litter Size ◽

Sperm Motility ◽

Seminal Plasma ◽

Artificial Insemination ◽

Stress Index ◽

Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Oxidative Stress Index ◽

Farrowing Rate

The study evaluated the relation between the oxidative stress index (OSI) in porcine seminal plasma (n = 76) with sperm resilience and in vivo fertility (farrowing rate and litter size of 3137 inseminated sows) of liquid-stored artificial insemination (AI) semen doses. The OSI was assessed as the ratio of advanced oxidation protein products to Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity, both measured using an automated analyzer. Sperm motility (computer-assisted sperm analyzer) and viability (flow cytometry) were evaluated in semen AI-doses at 0 and 72 h of storage at 17 °C. Sperm resilience was defined as the difference between storage intervals. Semen AI-doses were hierarchically clustered as having high, medium and low seminal OSI (p < 0.001) with those of low displaying higher resilience (p < 0.01). Boars were hierarchically clustered into two groups (p < 0.001) as having either positive or negative farrowing rate and litter size deviation; the negative one showing higher seminal OSI (p < 0.05). In sum, seminal OSI was negatively related to sperm motility and the in vivo fertility of liquid-stored boar semen AI-doses, with the receiver operating characteristic curve presenting seminal OSI as a good predictive biomarker of in vivo fertility of AI-boars (area under the curve: 0.815, p < 0.05).

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