scholarly journals Age-Dependent Changes in Bone Architecture, Patterning, and Biomechanics During Skeletal Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Hoffseth ◽  
Emily Busse ◽  
Josue Jaramillo ◽  
Jennifer Simkin ◽  
Michelle Lacey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Growth ◽  
Bone Architecture ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Aged Mice ◽  
Intramembranous Bone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tomography Image ◽  
Computed Tomography Image

Mouse digit amputation provides a useful model of bone growth after injury, in that the injury promotes intramembranous bone formation in an adult animal. The digit tip is composed of skin, nerves, blood vessels, bones, and tendons, all of which regenerate after digit tip amputation, making it a powerful model for multi-tissue regeneration. Bone integrity relies upon a balanced remodeling between bone resorption and formation, which, when disrupted, results in changes to bone architecture and biomechanics, particularly during aging. In this study, we used recently developed techniques to evaluate bone patterning differences between young and aged regenerated bone. This analysis suggests that aged mice have altered trabecular spacing and patterning and increased mineral density of the regenerated bone. To further characterize the biomechanics of regenerated bone, we measured elasticity using a micro-computed tomography image-processing method combined with nanoindentation. This analysis suggests that the regenerated bone demonstrates decreased elasticity compared with the uninjured bone, but there is no significant difference in elasticity between aged and young regenerated bone. These data highlight distinct architectural and biomechanical differences in regenerated bone in both young and aged mice and provide a new analysis tool for the digit amputation model to aid in evaluating the outcomes for potential therapeutic treatments to promote regeneration.

Micro-Computed Tomography Analysis on Administration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells - Bovine Teeth Scaffold Composites for Alveolar Bone Tissue Engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
Desi Sandra Sari ◽  
Fourier Dzar Eljabbar Latief ◽  
Ferdiansyah ◽  
Ketut Sudiana ◽  
Fedik Abdul Rantam
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Significant Difference

The tissue engineering approach for periodontal tissue regeneration using a combination of stem cells and scaffold has been vastly developed. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) seeded with Bovine Teeth Scaffold (BTSc) can repair alveolar bone damage in periodontitis cases. The alveolar bone regeneration process was analyzed by micro-computed tomography (µ-CT) to observe the structure of bone growth and to visualize the scaffold in 3-Dimensional (3D). The purpose of this study is to analyze alveolar bone regeneration by µ-CT following the combination of MSCs and bovine teeth scaffold (MSCs-BTSc) implantation in the Wistar rat periodontitis model. Methods. MSCs were cultured from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells of rats. BTSc was taken from bovine teeth and freeze-dried with a particle size of 150-355 µm. MSCs were seeded on BTSc for 24 hours and transplanted in a rat model of periodontitis. Thirty-five Wistar rats were made as periodontitis models with LPS induction from P. gingivalis injected to the buccal section of interproximal gingiva between the first and the second mandibular right-molar teeth for six weeks. There were seven groups (control group, BTSc group on day 7, BTSc group on day 14, BTSc group on day 28, MSCs-BTSc group on day 7, MSCs-BTSc group on day 14, MSCs-BTSc group on day 28). The mandibular alveolar bone was analyzed and visualized in 3D with µ-CT to observe any new bone growth. Statistical Analysis. Group data were subjected to the Kruskal Wallis test followed by the Mann-Whitney (p <0.05). The µ-CT qualitative analysis shows a fibrous structure, which indicates the existence of new bone regeneration. Quantitative analysis of the periodontitis model showed a significant difference between the control model and the model with the alveolar bone resorption (p <0.05). The bone volume and density measurements revealed that the MSCs-BTSc group on day 28 formed new bone compared to other groups (p <0.05). Administration of MSCs-BTSc combination has the potential to form new alveolar bone.

scholarly journals Noncontrast Cardiac Computed Tomography Image-Based Vertebral Bone Mineral Density

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 621-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Li ◽  
Song Shou Mao ◽  
Bahram Khazai ◽  
Joseph A. Hyder ◽  
Matthew Allison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Vertebral Bone ◽  
Vertebral Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Tomography Image ◽  
Computed Tomography Image

Micro-Computed Tomography Image Based Numerical Elastic Homogenization of MMCs

2014 ◽  
Vol 627 ◽  
pp. 437-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy Sinchuk ◽  
Stefan Dietrich ◽  
Matthias Merzkirch ◽  
Kay André Weidenmann ◽  
Romana Piat
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Ceramic Composite ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Tomography Image ◽  
Metal Ceramic ◽  
Computed Tomography Image ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Good Agreement

Properties of an interpenetrating metal–ceramic composite with freeze-cast preforms are investigated. For the estimation of elastic properties of the composite numerical homogenization approaches for 2D and 3D finite element models are implemented. The FE models are created based on micro-computed tomography (μCT) images. The results of the numerical 2D and 3D modeling coincide and are in good agreement with available experimental measurements of elastic properties.

Influence of Micro-Computed Tomography Image Resolution on Petrophysical Properties

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayef Alyafei ◽  
Oussama Gharbi ◽  
Ali Qaseminejad Raeini ◽  
Jianhui Yang ◽  
Stefan Iglauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Petrophysical Properties ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Tomography Image ◽  
Computed Tomography Image

Micro-computed tomography image-based evaluation of 3D anisotropy degree of polymer scaffolds

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Úrsula Pérez-Ramírez ◽  
Jesús Javier López-Orive ◽  
Estanislao Arana ◽  
Manuel Salmerón-Sánchez ◽  
David Moratal
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Polymer Scaffolds ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Tomography Image ◽  
Computed Tomography Image ◽  
Anisotropy Degree

scholarly journals Comparison of Orthopantomography and Computed Tomography Image for Assessing the Relationship between Impacted Mandibular Third Molar and Mandibular Canal

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 819-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uma Shankar ◽  
KR Hari ◽  
T Praveen Kumar Reddy ◽  
Shravan Kumar Katakam ◽  
Deepti Janga
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
Impacted Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tomography Image ◽  
Computed Tomography Image ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Background Permanent mandibular third molar are most commonly impacted teeth. In planning the surgical removal of mandibular third molar, correct diagnosis requires not only their precise spatial location, but also a thorough and accurate assessment of the intimate relationship with adjacent anatomical structures. Various imaging modalities have been used for localizing the mandibular third molar but not satisfactorily. Aim This prospective study of 30 patients with 42 impacted mandibular third molars was carried out with the aim of finding evidence for justifying the use of computed tomography and orthopantomography as a diagnostic modality, prior to surgical intervention of impacted mandibular third molar. Materials and methods Subjective evaluation of the CT and OPG images by two observed had shown that there was significant difference between the CT and OPG for radiographic visibility of mandibular canal in relation to third molar. Results Data analysis was done with Chi-square test (χ2) and z-test to find the significant difference between the two radiographic modalities OPG and CT in localizing special relationship of impacted mandibular third molar. The comparison of OPG and CT showed z-value >1.5 in darkening of roots (1.98), deflection of root (2.00) interruption of z-value = 0 in narrowing of canal and dark, bifid apexes. Also it showed p-value <0.05 in all the radiographic signs except narrowing of mandibular canal and and dark and bifid apexes. Conclusion The spiral CT image provides a unique opportunity to determine the exact position of impacted mandibular third molar and their relationship to adjacent structure in all three planes. Clinical significance Computed tomography is highly instrumental in depicting the relationship of mandibular third molar with inferior alveolar nerve canal before treatment and accurate appraisal of the several aspects can be made regarding prognosis. How to cite this article Katakam SK, Shankar U, Thakur D, Reddy TPK, Hari KR, Janga D. Comparison of Orthopantomography and Computed Tomography Image for Assessing the Relationship between Impacted Mandibular Third Molar and Mandibular Canal. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(6):819-823.

scholarly journals Fracture healing in mice lacking Pten in osteoblasts: a micro-computed tomography image-based analysis of the mechanical properties of the femur

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlyn J. Collins ◽  
Juan F. Vivanco ◽  
Scott A. Sokn ◽  
Bart O. Williams ◽  
Travis A. Burgers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Tomography Image ◽  
Computed Tomography Image

scholarly journals Correlation between two-dimensional micro-CT and histomorphometry for assessment of the implant osseointegration in rabbit tibia model

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao-Zhen Lyu ◽  
Jae Hyup Lee
Keyword(s):  
Histological Section ◽  
Bone Architecture ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Significant Linear Correlation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rabbit Tibia ◽  
Bone To Implant Contact ◽  
Aluminum Filter

Abstract Background Histology is considered as a gold standard for analyzing bone architecture. However, histomorphometry is a destructive method and only offers the bone information of a limited location. Micro-computed tomography (μCT) is a non-destructive technology and provides a slice at any site. The aim of this study was to compare the correlation of the Bone-to-Implant Contact ratio (BIC) between 2D micro-CT (μCT) and histomorphometry and to investigate a method for assessing the osseointegration of the implant by 2D μCT. Methods A total of 18 implants were divided into three groups (6 implants per group), and inserted into the rabbit tibia defects as follow: implant only (Implant group), implant with β-TCP/hydrogel (TCP group), implant with rhBMP-2 loaded β-TCP/hydrogel composite (BMP-2 group). After 4 weeks of implantation, the specimens were collected to take the micro-CT scan with an aluminum filter and performed H&E staining on the undecalcified sections. The 2D μCT slices were chosen at an angle of 0°, 45°, 90° and 135° with the representative histological section to measure BIC. And the correlations between BICs of 2D μCT and BICs of histology were evaluated. Results In each group, BICs at the same sites measured by histomorphometry and corresponding 2D μCT presented the same trend and shown no significant difference between the two methods (P > 0.05). BICs of histological sections and BICs of corresponding 2D μCT slices presented a strong correlation in the implant group (γ = 0.74, P = 0.09), a moderate correlation in the TCP group (γ = 0.46, P = 0.35), a weak correlation in the BMP-2 group (γ = 0.30, P = 0.56). In the implant group, the relationship between BIC-Mean-μCTs and BICs-Histology has presented a significant linear correlation (γ = 0.84, P = 0.04). Conclusions Integrating bone information of several 2D μCT slices in different sites to measure BIC is a feasible method for assessing the implant osseointegration.

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