scholarly journals Long Non-Coding RNAs in Lung Cancer: The Role in Tumor Microenvironment

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Dai ◽  
Ting Liu ◽  
Yan-Yang Liu ◽  
Yingying He ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Advanced Lung Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Precise Diagnosis ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
New Biomarkers

The development of various therapeutic interventions, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, have effectively induced tumor remission for patients with advanced lung cancer. However, few cancer patients can obtain significant and long-lasting therapeutic effects for the limitation of immunological nonresponse and resistance. For this case, it’s urgent to identify new biomarkers and develop therapeutic targets for future immunotherapy. Over the past decades, tumor microenvironment (TME)-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have gradually become well known to us. A large number of existing studies have indicated that TME-related lncRNAs are one of the major factors to realize precise diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Herein, this paper discusses the roles of lncRNAs in TME, and the potential application of lncRNAs as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for immunotherapy in lung cancer.

scholarly journals Expanded human NK cells from lung cancer patients sensitize patients’ PDL1−negative tumors to PD1-blockade therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e001933
Author(s):  
Sophie M Poznanski ◽  
Tyrah M Ritchie ◽  
Isabella Y Fan ◽  
Abdullah El-Sayes ◽  
Ana L Portillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Death Receptor ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Advanced Lung Cancer ◽  
Pd1 Blockade

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death worldwide despite the significant progress made by immune checkpoint inhibitors, including programmed death receptor-1 (PD1)/PD ligand 1 (PDL1)-blockade therapy. PD1/PDL1−blockade has achieved unprecedented tumor regression in some patients with advanced lung cancer. However, the majority of patients fail to respond to PD1/PDL1 inhibitors. The high rate of therapy non-response results from insufficient PDL1 expression on most patients’ tumors and the presence of further immunosuppressive mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment. Here, we sensitize non-responding tumors from patients with lung cancer to PD1-blockade therapy using highly cytotoxic expanded natural killer (NK) cells. We uncover that NK cells expanded from patients with lung cancer dismantle the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by maintaining strong antitumor activity against both PDL1+ and PDL1− patient tumors. In the process, through a contact-independent mechanism involving interferon γ, expanded NK cells rescued tumor killing by exhausted endogenous TILs and upregulated the tumor proportion score of PDL1 across patient tumors. In contrast, unexpanded NK cells, which are susceptible to tumor-induced immunosuppression, had no effect on tumor PDL1. As a result, combined treatment of expanded NK cells and PD1-blockade resulted in robust synergistic tumor destruction of initially non-responding patient tumors. Thus, expanded NK cells may overcome the critical roadblocks to extending the prodigious benefits of PD1-blockade therapy to more patients with lung cancer and other tumor types.

scholarly journals Non-coding RNAs: new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for esophageal cancer

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (26) ◽  
pp. 43571-43578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobin Hou ◽  
Jiaxin Wen ◽  
Zhipeng Ren ◽  
Guoliang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
New Biomarkers

scholarly journals Proteomic-Based Approaches for the Study of Cytokines in Lung Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángela Marrugal ◽  
Laura Ojeda ◽  
Luis Paz-Ares ◽  
Sonia Molina-Pinelo ◽  
Irene Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Invasion And Metastasis ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
New Biomarkers ◽  
Cell Signaling Pathways ◽  
Proteomic Techniques

Proteomic techniques are currently used to understand the biology of different human diseases, including studies of the cell signaling pathways implicated in cancer progression, which is important in knowing the roles of different proteins in tumor development. Due to its poor prognosis, proteomic approaches are focused on the identification of new biomarkers for the early diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted treatment of lung cancer. Cytokines are proteins involved in inflammatory processes and have been proposed as lung cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets because it has been reported that some cytokines play important roles in tumor development, invasion, and metastasis. In this review, we aim to summarize the different proteomic techniques used to discover new lung cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Several cytokines have been identified as important players in lung cancer using these techniques. We underline the most important cytokines that are useful as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. We also summarize some of the therapeutic strategies targeted for these cytokines in lung cancer.

scholarly journals Clinical Effect of Lung Qi-Diffusing and Tumor-Clearing Decoction in the Treatment of Advanced Lung Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Limei Qin
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Clinical Effect ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Advanced Lung Cancer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Conventional Chemotherapy

Objective: The main purpose of this study is to explore the efficacy of lung qi-diffusing and tumor-clearing decoction in the treatment of advanced lung cancer. Methods: Eight patients with advanced lung cancer in Inner Mongolia Baicaotang Qin’s Zhong Meng Medical Hospital from February 2017 to October 2020 were randomly selected and divided into two groups, a control group and a study group, by the digital table method. The control group was treated with conventional chemotherapy, while the study group was treated with lung qi-diffusing and tumor-clearing decoction on this basis. The therapeutic effects of the two groups were observed. Results: The improvement in symptoms of the patients in the study group was higher than that of the reference group, and the incidence of adverse reactions was lower among patients in the study group compared to the reference group, P < 0.05. The serum immunological indexes, CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+, of study group were higher than those of the reference group, and the quality-of-life score of the study group was higher than that of the reference group, P < 0.05. Conclusion: The clinical effect of lung qi-diffusing and tumor-clearing decoction in the treatment of patients with advanced lung cancer is significant. It effectively improves the immune indicators and reduces adverse reactions.

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