scholarly journals Non-coding RNAs: new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for esophageal cancer

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (26) ◽  
pp. 43571-43578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobin Hou ◽  
Jiaxin Wen ◽  
Zhipeng Ren ◽  
Guoliang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
New Biomarkers

scholarly journals Long Non-Coding RNAs in Lung Cancer: The Role in Tumor Microenvironment

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Dai ◽  
Ting Liu ◽  
Yan-Yang Liu ◽  
Yingying He ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Advanced Lung Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Precise Diagnosis ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
New Biomarkers

The development of various therapeutic interventions, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, have effectively induced tumor remission for patients with advanced lung cancer. However, few cancer patients can obtain significant and long-lasting therapeutic effects for the limitation of immunological nonresponse and resistance. For this case, it’s urgent to identify new biomarkers and develop therapeutic targets for future immunotherapy. Over the past decades, tumor microenvironment (TME)-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have gradually become well known to us. A large number of existing studies have indicated that TME-related lncRNAs are one of the major factors to realize precise diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Herein, this paper discusses the roles of lncRNAs in TME, and the potential application of lncRNAs as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for immunotherapy in lung cancer.

scholarly journals Drug Resistance in Osteosarcoma: Emerging Biomarkers, Therapeutic Targets and Treatment Strategies

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2878
Author(s):  
Claudia Maria Hattinger ◽  
Maria Pia Patrizio ◽  
Leonardo Fantoni ◽  
Chiara Casotti ◽  
Chiara Riganti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Acquired Drug Resistance ◽  
Unselected Patient ◽  
Dismal Prognosis ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
High Grade Osteosarcoma

High-grade osteosarcoma (HGOS), the most common primary malignant tumor of bone, is a highly aggressive neoplasm with a cure rate of approximately 40–50% in unselected patient populations. The major clinical problems opposing the cure of HGOS are the presence of inherent or acquired drug resistance and the development of metastasis. Since the drugs used in first-line chemotherapy protocols for HGOS and clinical outcome have not significantly evolved in the past three decades, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic biomarkers and targeted treatment strategies, which may increase the currently available spectrum of cure modalities. Unresponsive or chemoresistant (refractory) HGOS patients usually encounter a dismal prognosis, mostly because therapeutic options and drugs effective for rescue treatments are scarce. Tailored treatments for different subgroups of HGOS patients stratified according to drug resistance-related biomarkers thus appear as an option that may improve this situation. This review explores drug resistance-related biomarkers, therapeutic targets and new candidate treatment strategies, which have emerged in HGOS. In addition to consolidated biomarkers, specific attention has been paid to the role of non-coding RNAs, tumor-derived extracellular vesicles, and cancer stem cells as contributors to drug resistance in HGOS, in order to highlight new candidate markers and therapeutic targets. The possible use of new non-conventional drugs to overcome the main mechanisms of drug resistance in HGOS are finally discussed.

scholarly journals Long non-coding RNAs in brain tumors

NAR Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Katsushima ◽  
George Jallo ◽  
Charles G Eberhart ◽  
Ranjan J Perera
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis ◽  
Current State ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

Abstract Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to be central players in the epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. There is an accumulation of evidence on newly discovered lncRNAs, their molecular interactions and their roles in the development and progression of human brain tumors. LncRNAs can have either tumor suppressive or oncogenic functions in different brain cancers, making them attractive therapeutic targets and biomarkers for personalized therapy and precision diagnostics. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge of the lncRNAs that have been implicated in brain cancer pathogenesis, particularly in gliomas and medulloblastomas. We discuss their epigenetic regulation as well as the prospects of using lncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in patients with brain tumors.

Long non-coding RNAs as possible therapeutic targets in protozoa, and in Schistosoma and other helminths

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert O. Silveira ◽  
Helena S. Coelho ◽  
Murilo S. Amaral ◽  
Sergio Verjovski-Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

scholarly journals Non-Coding RNA in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Mechanisms, Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1763-1777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Wen Wang ◽  
Zhong Liu ◽  
Zhong-Song Shi
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Cerebral Ischemic ◽  
Functional Rnas ◽  
The Brain

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of functional RNAs that regulate gene expression in a post-transcriptional manner. NcRNAs include microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs. They are highly expressed in the brain and are involved in the regulation of physiological and pathophysiological processes, including cerebral ischemic injury, neurodegeneration, neural development, and plasticity. Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and physical disability worldwide. Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) occurs when brain blood flow stops, and that stoppage results in reduced oxygen and glucose supply to cells in the brain. In this article, we review the latest progress on ncRNAs in relation to their implications in AIS, as well as their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. We also review ncRNAs acting as possible therapeutic targets in future precision medicine. Finally, we conclude with a brief discussion of current challenges and future directions for ncRNAs studies in AIS, which may facilitate the translation of ncRNAs research into clinical practice to improve clinical outcome of AIS.

scholarly journals miRNA-mRNA integrative analysis in primary myelofibrosis CD34+ cells: role of miR-155/JARID2 axis in abnormal megakaryopoiesis

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (13) ◽  
pp. e21-e32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruggiero Norfo ◽  
Roberta Zini ◽  
Valentina Pennucci ◽  
Elisa Bianchi ◽  
Simona Salati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Primary Myelofibrosis ◽  
Integrative Analysis ◽  
Cd34 Cells ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Differential Gene ◽  
New Biomarkers

Key Points Differential gene and miRNA expression analysis in PMF granulocytes identifies new biomarkers and putative therapeutic targets. Activation of the miR-155/JARID2 axis in PMF CD34+ cells results in overproduction of MK precursors.

scholarly journals Extracellular Chaperones as Novel Biomarkers of Overall Cancer Progression and Efficacy of Anticancer Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 6009
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Anna Krawczyk ◽  
Agata Pospieszynska ◽  
Małgorzata Styczewska ◽  
Ewa Bien ◽  
Sambor Sawicki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Immune System Regulation ◽  
New Biomarkers ◽  
Shock Proteins

Exosomal heat shock proteins (Hsps) are involved in intercellular communication both in physiological and pathological conditions. They play a role in key processes of carcinogenesis including immune system regulation, cell differentiation, vascular homeostasis and metastasis formation. Thus, exosomal Hsps are emerging biomarkers of malignancies and possible therapeutic targets. Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) are patients aged 15–39 years. This age group, placed between pediatric and adult oncology, pose a particular challenge for cancer management. New biomarkers of cancer growth and progression as well as prognostic factors are desperately needed in AYAs. In this review, we attempted to summarize the current knowledge on the role of exosomal Hsps in selected solid tumors characteristic for the AYA population and/or associated with poor prognosis in this age group. These included malignant melanoma, brain tumors, and breast, colorectal, thyroid, hepatocellular, lung and gynecological tract carcinomas. The studies on exosomal Hsps in these tumors are limited; however; some have provided promising results. Although further research is needed, there is potential for future clinical applications of exosomal Hsps in AYA cancers, both as novel biomarkers of disease presence, progression or relapse, or as therapeutic targets or tools for drug delivery.

scholarly journals Long Noncoding RNAs Involved in the Endocrine Therapy Resistance of Breast Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiko Takeiwa ◽  
Kazuhiro Ikeda ◽  
Yuichi Mitobe ◽  
Kuniko Horie-Inoue ◽  
Satoshi Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Endocrine Therapy ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Therapy Resistance ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Endocrine Therapy Resistance ◽  
New Biomarkers

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides that do not encode proteins. Recent studies have demonstrated that numerous lncRNAs are expressed in humans and play key roles in the development of various types of cancers. Intriguingly, some lncRNAs have been demonstrated to be involved in endocrine therapy resistance for breast cancer through their own mechanisms, suggesting that lncRNAs could be promising new biomarkers and therapeutic targets of breast cancer. Here, we summarize the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs related to the endocrine therapy resistance of breast cancer.

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