scholarly journals Biomimetic Nanomaterials Triggered Ferroptosis for Cancer Theranostics

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyu Zhang ◽  
Yanling Ma ◽  
Jipeng Wan ◽  
Jia Yuan ◽  
Diqing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Tumor Targeting ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Cancer Nanomedicine ◽  
Dependent Form ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Biomimetic Nanomaterials ◽  
Cancer Theranostics

Ferroptosis, as a recently discovered non-apoptotic programmed cell death with an iron-dependent form, has attracted great attention in the field of cancer nanomedicine. However, many ferroptosis-related nano-inducers encountered unexpected limitations such as immune exposure, low circulation time, and ineffective tumor targeting. Biomimetic nanomaterials possess some unique physicochemical properties which can achieve immune escape and effective tumor targeting. Especially, certain components of biomimetic nanomaterials can further enhance ferroptosis. Therefore, this review will provide a comprehensive overview on recent developments of biomimetic nanomaterials in ferroptosis-related cancer nanomedicine. First, the definition and character of ferroptosis and its current applications associated with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy for enhancing cancer theranostics were briefly discussed. Subsequently, the advantages and limitations of some representative biomimetic nanomedicines, including biomembranes, proteins, amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and biomineralization-based ferroptosis nano-inducers, were further spotlighted. This review would therefore help the spectrum of advanced and novice researchers who are interested in this area to quickly zoom in the essential information and glean some provoking ideas to advance this subfield in cancer nanomedicine.

scholarly journals Nanoengineered photoactive theranostic agents for cancer

Nanophotonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishant K. Jain ◽  
Bavya M. Chathoth ◽  
Vinil S. Bhaskar ◽  
Himanshu Meena ◽  
Rajendra Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Cancer Nanomedicine ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Photoactive Materials ◽  
Theranostic Agents ◽  
Cancer Theranostics ◽  
Site Selective ◽  
Active Cancer

Abstract Cancer has gained much attention because of slow development of advanced diagnostics and therapeutic strategies. So far, conventional procedures like surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy are only available options for cancer treatment which have various limitations. To overcome the limitations of conventional procedures, nanodiagnostics, and therapeutics are emerging approaches for localized diagnosis and treatment of cancer nowadays. So far, various bio-mimicking and stimuli active cancer theranostic platforms have been established but they are limited only for animal studies and their clinical translational progress is slow. Among various cancer theranostics platforms, photoresponsive systems have shown promising outcomes for cancer theranostics applications due to their specific physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, multifunctionality etc. Moreover, these photothermal agents in combination with diagnostics probes and surface functional targeting moieties demonstrate their synergistic response for site selective imaging and ablating cancer cells/tumor. Photoactive principles are rife and with increasing access to light irradiation setups, more the discovery of photoactive products, more would be the success reaped in cancer battle. This review highlights recent developments in cancer nanotheranostics with a special focus on photoactive functional nanotheranostics. Moreover, the challenges involved in clinical translation of photoactive materials along with their application in vivid areas of cancer nanomedicine and elucidate the future implications on photoactive therapy have been addressed here.

scholarly journals Persistent luminescence nanoparticles for cancer theranostics application

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nian Liu ◽  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Xia Sun ◽  
Xiaolian Sun ◽  
Junpeng Shi
Keyword(s):  
Uv Light ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Persistent Luminescence ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
High Penetration ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Cancer Theranostics

AbstractPersistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) are unique optical materials that emit afterglow luminescence after ceasing excitation. They exhibit unexpected advantages for in vivo optical imaging of tumors, such as autofluorescence-free, high sensitivity, high penetration depth, and multiple excitation sources (UV light, LED, NIR laser, X-ray, and radiopharmaceuticals). Besides, by incorporating other functional molecules, such as photosensitizers, photothermal agents, or therapeutic drugs, PLNPs are also widely used in persistent luminescence (PersL) imaging-guided tumor therapy. In this review, we first summarize the recent developments in the synthesis and surface functionalization of PLNPs, as well as their toxicity studies. We then discuss the in vivo PersL imaging and multimodal imaging from different excitation sources. Furthermore, we highlight PLNPs-based cancer theranostics applications, such as fluorescence-guided surgery, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, drug/gene delivery and combined therapy. Finally, future prospects and challenges of PLNPs in the research of translational medicine are also discussed.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Rapid Synthesis of Non-proteinogenic Amino Acids from Proteinogenic Amino Acids Derivatives via Direct Photo-Mediated C–H Functionalization

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 5270
Author(s):  
Zhenbo Yuan ◽  
Xuanzhong Liu ◽  
Changmei Liu ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Yijian Rao
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Powerful Method ◽  
Rapid Synthesis ◽  
Conservation Of Energy ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Recent Developments

Non-proteinogenic amino acids have attracted tremendous interest for their essential applications in the realm of biology and chemistry. Recently, rising C–H functionalization has been considered an alternative powerful method for the direct synthesis of non-proteinogenic amino acids. Meanwhile, photochemistry has become popular for its predominant advantages of mild conditions and conservation of energy. Therefore, C–H functionalization and photochemistry have been merged to synthesize diverse non-proteinogenic amino acids in a mild and environmentally friendly way. In this review, the recent developments in the photo-mediated C–H functionalization of proteinogenic amino acids derivatives for the rapid synthesis of versatile non-proteinogenic amino acids are presented. Moreover, postulated mechanisms are also described wherever needed.

Absorption of L-alanine and other dissolved nutrients by the spines of Paracentrotus lividus (Echinoidea)

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 1031-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. de Burgh ◽  
A. B. West ◽  
F. Jeal
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Direct Absorption ◽  
Dissolved Nutrients ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Modern Analytical

The possibility that marine invertebrates might obtain part of their nutritional requirements by direct absorption of dissolved molecules through the epidermis has recently received considerable attention. This revival of interest in a field which had been virtually abandoned since the early part of the century was led by the findings of Stephens & Schinske (1957, 1958, 1961). Modern analytical techniques have revealed that the amount of dissolved nutrients in coastal waters is much greater than was formerly realized; total amino acids have been recorded in concentrations of up to 10-4 mole/litre in south-east Alaskan waters (Schell, 1974) and 7 x 10-5 mole/litre off Helgoland (Bohling, 1970). Direct absorption of amino acids has been conclusively established in several phyla (see reviews by Stephens, 1968,1972), and one of the major aims of current research is to show that dissolved organic molecules taken up from available concentrations could be of nutritional significance. Recent developments concerning the possible roles of uptake in marine ecosystems have been reviewed by West, de Burgh & Jeal (1977).

Tourism public-private partnership (PPP) projects: an exploratory-sequential approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Ghanem ◽  
Ibrahim Elshaer ◽  
Samar Saad
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Stakeholder Management ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Sequential Approach ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to address the absence of a thorough understanding of commitment in tourism public-private partnerships (PPP) by exploring antecedents of PPP commitment and their underpinning relationships in regard to the destination management system (DMS). Design/methodology/approach An empirical investigation of the case of the Egyptian DMS, a PPP which was forsaken by the government partner and which subsequently failed. Qualitative and quantitative approaches are used for a comprehensive overview of the researched phenomena pertaining to external and internal stakeholders. Findings The results indicated that stakeholder management, relational capital, perceived benefits and stakeholder capabilities could influence intentions to commit to a tourism PPP project. Also, the latter three factors were found to mediate the relationship between stakeholder management and long-term PPP commitment. The results also shed light on the important aspects of non-contractual, interpersonal relationships between internal and external PPP stakeholders. Originality/value This research pioneers inquiries on the commitment of Tourism PPP/DMS projects and its possible drivers in a non-Western context. Also, this study contributes to knowledge by exploring the relationship within and between internal (partners) and external (e.g. local service providers) stakeholder groups and provided evidence on the crucial role of both on long-term PPP commitment and success. The current study has a few significant contributions to the PPP literature regarding the commitment and success of PPP in the complicated environments in which tourism PPP projects are operated. Moreover, this study offers essential information and practices for improving partner relationships with external stakeholders.

ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in the Synthesis of Fluorinated β-Amino Acids

ChemInform ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (37) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Jose Luis Acena ◽  
Antonio Simon-Fuentes ◽  
Santos Fustero
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Recent Developments

scholarly journals A Review: Electrospinning and Electrospinning Nanofibre Technology, Process & Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 528-538
Author(s):  
Somesh S. Bhagure ◽  
Dr. Adarsh R. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Early History ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Thin Fiber ◽  
Filtration Membranes ◽  
Technology Process ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Catalytic Supports ◽  
Remarkable Progress

Electrospinning is a versatile and viable technique for ultra-thin fiber generation. Remarkable progress has been made with regard to the development of Electrospinning methods and the engineering of Electrospinning Nanofibre to suit or enable different applications. We aim to provide a comprehensive overview of Electrospinning, including principles, methods, materials and applications. We begin with a brief introduction to the early history of Electrospinning, followed by a discussion of its principle and its typical apparatus. Subsequently, we discuss the applications of electrospun Nanofibre, including their use as smart mattresses, filtration membranes, catalytic supports, energy harvesting / conversion / storage components, and photonic and electronic devices, as well as biomedical scaffolds. We highlight the most relevant and recent developments in the application of electrospun Nanofibre by focusing on the most representative examples.

scholarly journals Tribology of 2D Nanomaterials: A Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul С. Uzoma ◽  
Huan Hu ◽  
Mahdi Khadem ◽  
Oleksiy V. Penkov
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Solid Lubricants ◽  
Friction Behavior ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Frictional Coefficients ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The exfoliation of graphene has opened a new frontier in material science with a focus on 2D materials. The unique thermal, physical and chemical properties of these materials have made them one of the choicest candidates in novel mechanical and nano-electronic devices. Notably, 2D materials such as graphene, MoS2, WS2, h-BN, and Black Phosphorus have shown outstanding lowest frictional coefficients and wear rates, making them attractive materials for high-performance nano-lubricants and lubricating applications. The objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive overview of the most recent developments in the tribological potentials of 2D materials. At first, the essential physical, wear, and frictional characteristics of the 2D materials including their production techniques are discussed. Subsequently, the experimental explorations and theoretical simulations of the most common 2D materials are reviewed in regards to their tribological applications such as their use as solid lubricants and surface lubricant nano-additives. The effects of micro/nano textures on friction behavior are also reviewed. Finally, the current challenges in tribological applications of 2D materials and their prospects are discussed.

International Law Concentrate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilias Bantekas ◽  
Efthymios Papastavridis
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International System ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Peaceful Settlement ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
The Law ◽  
Settlement Of Disputes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Domestic Law

Each Concentrate revision guide is packed with essential information, key cases, revision tips, exam Q&As, and more. Concentrates show you what to expect in a law exam, what examiners are looking for, and how to achieve extra marks. International Law Concentrate provides a comprehensive overview of international law and includes key information, key cases, revision tips, and exam questions and answers. Topics covered include the nature of international law and the international system, sources of international law, and the law of treaties. The book also looks at the relationship between international and domestic law. It considers personality, statehood, and recognition, as well as sovereignty, jurisdiction, immunity, and the law of the sea. The book describes state responsibility and looks at peaceful settlement of disputes. Finally, it looks at the use of force and human rights.

scholarly journals Tribology of 2D Nanomaterials: A Review

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 897
Author(s):  
Paul C. Uzoma ◽  
Huan Hu ◽  
Mahdi Khadem ◽  
Oleksiy V. Penkov
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Solid Lubricants ◽  
Friction Behavior ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Frictional Coefficients ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The exfoliation of graphene has opened a new frontier in material science with a focus on 2D materials. The unique thermal, physical and chemical properties of these materials have made them one of the choicest candidates in novel mechanical and nano-electronic devices. Notably, 2D materials such as graphene, MoS2, WS2, h-BN and black phosphorus have shown outstanding lowest frictional coefficients and wear rates, making them attractive materials for high-performance nano-lubricants and lubricating applications. The objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive overview of the most recent developments in the tribological potentials of 2D materials. At first, the essential physical, wear and frictional characteristics of the 2D materials including their production techniques are discussed. Subsequently, the experimental explorations and theoretical simulations of the most common 2D materials are reviewed in regards to their tribological applications such as their use as solid lubricants and surface lubricant nano-additives. The effects of micro/nano textures on friction behavior are also reviewed. Finally, the current challenges in tribological applications of 2D materials and their prospects are discussed.

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