scholarly journals Association Between Waist Circumference and the Prevalence of (Pre) Hypertension Among 27,894 US Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Yu Sun ◽  
Yang Hua ◽  
Hua-Yi-Yang Zou ◽  
Qiang Qu ◽  
Yue Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
Young Group ◽  
Cubic Spline ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Cross Sectional

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the association between waist circumference and the prevalence of (pre) hypertension.Methods: Cross-sectional data from the 2007–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. The historical trend of abdominal obesity was assessed by the Cochran–Armitage trend test. After preprocessed by the multiple imputation strategy, we used generalized additive models to assess the association of waist circumference with systolic/diastolic blood pressure and performed correlation analysis by the Spearman correlation coefficient. Moreover, we used multivariable logistic regression (non-adjusted, minimally adjusted, and fully adjusted models), restricted cubic spline, and sensitivity analysis to investigate the association between waist circumference and (pre) hypertension.Results: A total of 27,894 participants were included in this study. In the fully adjusted model, waist circumference was positively associated with (pre) hypertension with odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 1.28 (1.18–1.40) in the young group and 1.23 (1.15–1.33) in the old group. Restricted cubic spline showed a higher prevalence of (pre) hypertension with the increase of waist circumference. In the subgroup analysis, waist circumference showed a robust trend across all BMI categories with odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 3.33 (1.29–8.85), 1.35 (1.17–1.57), 1.27 (1.13–1.41), and 1.09 (1.01–1.17) in underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese individuals, respectively.Conclusion: This study highlighted waist circumference as a significant biomarker to evaluate the risk of (pre) hypertension. Our results supported the measure of waist circumference regardless of BMI when evaluating the cardiometabolic risk related to fat distribution.

scholarly journals Prevalence of internalizing disorders, symptoms, and traits across age using advanced nonlinear models

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hanna M. van Loo ◽  
Lian Beijers ◽  
Martijn Wieling ◽  
Trynke R. de Jong ◽  
Robert A. Schoevers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Internalizing Disorders ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Most epidemiological studies show a decrease of internalizing disorders at older ages, but it is unclear how the prevalence exactly changes with age, and whether there are different patterns for internalizing symptoms and traits, and for men and women. This study investigates the impact of age and sex on the point prevalence across different mood and anxiety disorders, internalizing symptoms, and neuroticism. Methods We used cross-sectional data on 146 315 subjects, aged 18–80 years, from the Lifelines Cohort Study, a Dutch general population sample. Between 2012 and 2016, five current internalizing disorders – major depression, dysthymia, generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, and panic disorder – were assessed according to DSM-IV criteria. Depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, neuroticism, and negative affect (NA) were also measured. Generalized additive models were used to identify nonlinear patterns across age, and to investigate sex differences. Results The point prevalence of internalizing disorders generally increased between the ages of 18 and 30 years, stabilized between 30 and 50, and decreased after age 50. The patterns of internalizing symptoms and traits were different. NA and neuroticism gradually decreased after age 18. Women reported more internalizing disorders than men, but the relative difference remained stable across age (relative risk ~1.7). Conclusions The point prevalence of internalizing disorders was typically highest between age 30 and 50, but there were differences between the disorders, which could indicate differences in etiology. The relative gap between the sexes remained similar across age, suggesting that changes in sex hormones around the menopause do not significantly influence women's risk of internalizing disorders.

scholarly journals Dose response association of objective physical activity with mental health in a representative national sample of adults: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paquito Bernard ◽  
Isabelle Doré ◽  
Romain Ahmed Jérôme ◽  
Gabriel Hains-Monfette ◽  
Kingsbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Representative National Sample

Although higher physical activity (PA) levels are associated with better mental health, previous findings about the shape of the dose–response relationship between PA and mental health are inconsistent. Furthermore, this association may differ according to sedentary levels. We investigated the cross-sectional dose-response associations between objectively measured PA and mental health in a representative national sample of adults. We also examined whether sedentary time modified the PA - mental health associations. Based on 2007-2013 Canadian Health Measures Survey data, PA and sedentary time were measured using accelerometry among 8150 participants, aged 20 to 79 years. Generalized additive models with a smooth function were fitted to examine associations between minutes per day of moderate and vigorous PA (MVPA), light PA (LPA), daily steps (combined or not with sedentary time) and self-rated mental health. A significant curvilinear relationship between average daily minutes of MVPA and mental health was observed, with increasing benefits up to 50 minutes/day. For LPA, a more complex shape (monotonic and curvilinear) was found. For daily steps, inverted U-shaped curve suggested increasing benefits until a plateau between 5000 and 16000 steps. The MVPA-LPA combination was significantly associated with mental health but with a complex pattern. The tested PA-sedentary time combinations showed that increasing sedentary time decreased the positive PA-mental health associations. Non-linear dose-response patterns between the PA modalities and self-reported mental health were observed. Optimal doses of daily minutes of MVPA, LPA, MVPA combined with LPA and daily steps are independently associated with better mental health in adults. The results also suggest that PA-mental health associations could be hampered by daily sedentary time.

scholarly journals Cardiometabolic Risk Factor in Obese and Normal Weight Individuals in Community Dwelling Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8925
Author(s):  
Hyunsoo Kim ◽  
Kijeong Kim ◽  
Sohee Shin
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to investigate the cardiometabolic risk factors (CRFs) in community dwelling men based on a combination of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). This cross-sectional study was based on 867 males between the ages of 20 and 71 years. Subjects were categorized into 4 groups by BMI and WC (Group 1, BMI < 25 kg/m2 and WC < 90 cm; Group 2, BMI < 25 kg/m2 and WC > 90 cm; Group 3, BMI > 25 kg/m2 and WC < 90 cm; and Group 4 BMI > 25 kg/m2 and WC > 90 cm). The proportion of subjects with a normal weight with high WC was 3.2%. Among normal weight men with the high range of WC, significantly high Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CI were found for hypertriglyceridemia (3.8, 1.8–8.2) and high blood glucose (3.2, 1.5–6.9). The probability that the general obesity group (Group 3) had one CRF was around twice that of the reference group (Group 1) (1.9 to 2.1 times), but Group 2 had probability more than 4 times higher (4.3 to 4.6 times). In community dwelling adult men, normal weight with high waist circumference was associated with the highest cardiometabolic risk. In conclusion, follow-up screening of those with high WC may be necessary to detect and prevent cardiometabolic diseases, particularly for men with a normal weight.

scholarly journals Association between platelet count and osteoarthritis in women older than 50 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 1759720X2091286
Author(s):  
Yu-Jin Kwon ◽  
Il-Hyun Koh ◽  
Kwangho Chung ◽  
Yong-Jae Lee ◽  
Hyoung-Sik Kim
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial disease involving inflammatory processes. Platelets play important roles in both hemostasis and the inflammatory response; however, the relationship between platelet count and OA is unclear. Our aim was to evaluate the association between platelet count and knee and hip OA in Korean women. Methods: In this cross-sectional designed study, we included a total of 6011 women aged ⩾50 years from the 2010–2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Knee and hip OA were defined as Kellgren–Lawrence grade ⩾2 and presence of knee or hip pain, respectively. Platelet counts were divided into quartiles as follows: Q1, 150–212 (103/µl); Q2, 213–246 (103/µl); Q3, 247–283 (103/µl); and Q4, 284–450 (103/µl). Multiple logistic-regression analysis was conducted to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to determine the optimal platelet count cut-off with which to discriminate participants with knee and/hip OA versus those without OA. Results: Of the 6011 participants, 1141 (18.1%) had knee or hip OA. The mean age of participants without OA was 60.6 years, and that of participants with OA was 68.0 years. Compared with the lowest quartile, odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for OA were 1.08 (0.84–1.39) for Q2, 0.94 (0.73–1.23) for Q3, and 1.35 (1.08–1.69) for Q4 after adjusting for confounders. The prevalence of OA was significantly higher with platelet counts ⩾288 × 103/µl, compared with platelet counts <288 × 103/µl. Conclusion: High platelet counts within the normal range are significantly associated with knee and hip OA.

Gender Differences in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Metabolically Healthy Normal Weight Adults with Central Obesity

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (05) ◽  
pp. 309-315
Author(s):  
Katarína Šebeková ◽  
Melinda Csongová ◽  
Radana Gurecká ◽  
Zora Krivošíková ◽  
Jozef Šebek
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

AbstractWe investigated whether metabolically healthy normal weight adults with central obesity display worse cardiometabolic profile compared with their centrally lean counterparts. This retrospective, cross-sectional study, comprised 1 135 subjects (64% females) aged 18-to-81 years, presenting ≤2 components of metabolic syndrome. They were classified as centrally lean (waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)<0.5 and waist circumference<80 cm in females and<94 cm in males) or presenting central obesity (WHtR ≥0.5, regardless of waist circumference). Data on blood pressure, glucose homeostasis, lipid profile, renal function, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), uric acid, adiponectin, leptin, and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products were compared between the groups, separately in males and females. 5.7% of males and 6.9% of females presented WHtR ≥0.5. Compared with centrally lean subjects, those with central obesity had higher BMI-adjusted fasting plasma glucose (p<0.001), and leptin levels (p<0.05); females also presented higher blood pressure (p<0.001), while males had higher hsCRP concentrations (p=0.021). These changes associated with significantly higher BMI-adjusted odds to present fasting plasma glucose >5.6 mmol/l in both genders, higher odds to present hsCRP >3 mg/l in males, and those to present elevated blood pressure in females. Our analysis suggests that in metabolically healthy normal weight subjects WHtR ≥0.5 might indicate “early increased health risk”.

scholarly journals Spine Curvature Analysis between Participants with Obesity and Normal Weight Participants: A Biplanar Electromagnetic Device Measurement

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel González-Sánchez ◽  
Jin Luo ◽  
Raymond Lee ◽  
Antonio I. Cuesta-Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Thoracic Kyphosis ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Global Coordinate System ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electromagnetic Device

To analyse and compare standing thoracolumbar curves in normal weight participants and participants with obesity, using an electromagnetic device, and to analyse the measurement reliability.Material and Methods. Cross-sectional study was carried out. 36 individuals were divided into two groups (normal-weight and participants with obesity) according to their waist circumference. The reference points (T1–T8–L1–L5and both posterior superior iliac spines) were used to perform a description of thoracolumbar curvature in the sagittal and coronal planes. A transformation from the global coordinate system was performed and thoracolumbar curves were adjusted by fifth-order polynomial equations. The tangents of the first and fifth lumbar vertebrae and the first thoracic vertebra were determined from their derivatives. The reliability of the measurement was assessed according to the internal consistency of the measure and the thoracolumbar curvature angles were compared between groups.Results. Cronbach’s alpha values ranged between 0.824 (95% CI: 0.776–0.847) and 0.918 (95% CI: 0.903–0.949). In the coronal plane, no significant differences were found between groups; however, in sagittal plane, significant differences were observed for thoracic kyphosis.Conclusion. There were significant differences in thoracic kyphosis in the sagittal plane between two groups of young adults grouped according to their waist circumference.

scholarly journals Association of plasma chromium with metabolic syndrome among Chinese adults: a case-control study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sijing Chen ◽  
Li Zhou ◽  
Qianqian Guo ◽  
Can Fang ◽  
Mengke Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
High Waist Circumference ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Backgroud Chromium has been suggested playing a role in alleviating diabetes, insulin resistance and lipid anomalies, but the effect on MetS in humans remains controversial. Methods We conducted a matched case-control study in a Chinese population, involving 2,141 MetS cases and 2,141 healthy controls, which were 1:1 matched by age (±2 years) and sex. Plasma chromium was measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results Plasma chromium levels were lower in MetS group than in control group (median: 4.23 μg/L and 4.46 μg/L, respectively, P < 0.001), and progressively decreased with the number of MetS components ( P for trend <0.001). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for MetS across increasing quartiles of plasma chromium levels were 1 (reference), 0.84 (0.67-1.05), 0.76 (0.61-0.95), and 0.62 (0.49-0.78), respectively ( P for trend < 0.001). For the components of MetS (high waist circumference, high triglycerides and high blood glucose), the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of the highest quartiles were 0.77 (0.61-0.95), 0.67 (0.55-0.80), and 0.53 (0.44-0.64), respectively ( P for trend < 0.05). Conclusions Our results indicated that plasma chromium levels were inversely associated with MetS in Chinese adults. The association may be explained by the relations between plasma chromium levels and high waist circumference, and the triglycerides and blood glucose levels.

scholarly journals Distributional Regression Techniques in Socioeconomic Research on the Inequality of Health with an Application on the Relationship between Mental Health and Income

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 4009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Silbersdorff ◽  
Kai Sebastian Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Mental Health Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
German Socioeconomic Panel ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Distributional Regression

This study addresses the much-discussed issue of the relationship between health and income. In particular, it focuses on the relation between mental health and household income by using generalized additive models of location, scale and shape and thus employing a distributional perspective. Furthermore, this study aims to give guidelines to applied researchers interested in taking a distributional perspective on health inequalities. In our analysis we use cross-sectional data of the German socioeconomic Panel (SOEP). We find that when not only looking at the expected mental health score of an individual but also at other distributional aspects, like the risk of moderate and severe mental illness, that the relationship between income and mental health is much more pronounced. We thus show that taking a distributional perspective, can add to and indeed enrich the mostly mean-based assessment of existent health inequalities.

Normal weight obesity among young adults in Trinidad and Tobago: prevalence and associated factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherrita Ramsaran ◽  
Rohan G. Maharaj
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Weight Obesity

Abstract Background: Patients with normal weight obesity (NWO) have a normal body mass index (BMI) but elevated body fat percentage (BF%), thereby increasing their risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. The purpose of this research was to determine the prevalence of NWO and its associated factors in a sample of young adults in Trinidad and Tobago (T&T). Methods: A cross sectional study involving a convenience non-voluntary sample of participants with a normal BMI of 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 was conducted. The following information was collected: history, basic anthropometric measurements, including BF% via the Tanita Ironman Body Composition Analyzer (BC554), physical examination and basic blood investigations. Participants were divided into two groups; normal BF% (<23.1% males, <33.3% females) and elevated BF% (≥23.1% males, ≥33.3% females). Results: Two hundred and thirty-six students participated, F:M (2.1:1), aged 18–28 years [Mean 21.33 (SD 2.5)], mean BMI 21.66 (SD 1.9). A response rate of 80.3%. The prevalence of NWO for this population was 19.9% [95% confidence interval (CI) 15.1–25.7]. Males 14.4% (95% CI 10.3–19.7) and females 5.5% (95% CI 3.1–9.5). Variables with a statistically significant association with NWO included gender, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), systolic blood pressure (BP), the ratio of total cholesterol (TC) to high density lipoprotein and in females, the presence of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) (p<0.05). Binary logistic regression revealed that predictors of NWO were male gender and waist circumference. Conclusions: One in five of this young adult population was found to have NWO. Long-term studies are recommended to study the full implications of these findings.

scholarly journals Chewing Discomfort According to Dental Prosthesis Type in 12,802 Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Jae-Hyun Lee ◽  
Da Hye Kim ◽  
Yong-Gyu Park ◽  
Su Young Lee
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Prosthesis ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Dental Prostheses ◽  
Fixed Dental Prostheses

This study examined the prevalence of self-perceived chewing discomfort depending on the type of dental prosthesis used in South Korean adults. The subjects were 12,802 people over 20 years of age who participated in a health interview and dental examination. Chewing discomfort was examined using a self-assessed report with a structured questionnaire. Using multivariable logistic regression analysis, adjusted odds ratios were evaluated along with their 95% confidence intervals (α = 0.05). After adjusting for covariates, including age, gender, smoking, drinking, hypertension, diabetes, body mass index, education, income, and toothbrushing frequency, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for chewing discomfort in groups without a dental prosthesis, with fixed dental prostheses, with removable partial dentures, and with removable complete dentures were 1 (reference), 1.363 (1.213–1.532), 2.275 (1.879–2.753), and 2.483 (1.929–3.197), respectively. The association between the prevalence of chewing discomfort and the type of dental prosthesis used was statistically significant even after adjusting for various confounders (p < 0.0001). The type of dental prosthesis was related to chewing discomfort among South Korean adults.

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