scholarly journals COVID-19 Is a Multi-Organ Aggressor: Epigenetic and Clinical Marks

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mankgopo Magdeline Kgatle ◽  
Ismaheel Opeyemi Lawal ◽  
Gabriel Mashabela ◽  
Tebatso Moshoeu Gillian Boshomane ◽  
Palesa Caroline Koatale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Viral Replication ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Clinical Manifestation ◽  
Epigenetic Events ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Control And Management

The progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), resulting from a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, may be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Several viruses hijack the host genome machinery for their own advantage and survival, and similar phenomena might occur upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Severe cases of COVID-19 may be driven by metabolic and epigenetic driven mechanisms, including DNA methylation and histone/chromatin alterations. These epigenetic phenomena may respond to enhanced viral replication and mediate persistent long-term infection and clinical phenotypes associated with severe COVID-19 cases and fatalities. Understanding the epigenetic events involved, and their clinical significance, may provide novel insights valuable for the therapeutic control and management of the COVID-19 pandemic. This review highlights different epigenetic marks potentially associated with COVID-19 development, clinical manifestation, and progression.

scholarly journals The Role of Epigenetics in Arterial Calcification

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan-Shan Wu ◽  
Xiao Lin ◽  
Ling-Qing Yuan ◽  
Er-Yuan Liao
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Arterial Calcification ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Arterial calcification is highly prevalent and correlated with cardiovascular mortality, especially in patients with ESRD or diabetes. The pathogenesis of arterial calcification is multifactorial, with both genetic and environmental factors being implicated. In recent years, several mechanisms contributing to arterial calcification have been proposed. However, these can only explain a small proportion of the variability in arterial calcification, which is a major obstacle for its prevention and management. Epigenetics has emerged as one of the most promising areas that may fill in some of the gaps in our current knowledge of the interaction between the environmental insults with gene regulation in the development of diseases. Epigenetics refers to heritable and acquired changes in gene transcription that occur independently of the DNA sequence. Well-known components of epigenetic regulation include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs. Epigenetics research in the regulation of arterial calcification has only recently been elucidated. In this review, we will summarise recent progress in epigenetic pathways involved in arterial calcification and discuss potential therapeutic interventions based on epigenetic mechanisms.

Immune System Dysregulation and Schizophrenia

2018 ◽  
pp. 179-196
Author(s):  
Laura Stertz ◽  
Consuelo Walss-Bass
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Immune System Regulation ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Schizophrenia is a common disease with a lifetime prevalence of 1% and a complex etiopathogenesis, probably involving multiple and heterogeneous genetic and environmental factors. Stress and immune system reactivity are implicated in both the pathogenesis and exacerbation of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. Exposure to environmental stressors in genetically susceptible individuals may alter brain processes and potentially have long-term consequences leading to the onset of schizophrenia. Here we discuss the role that genetic architecture, in combination with environmental stimuli, plays in immune system regulation and the development of schizophrenia, and review recent and accumulating evidence of associations between immune system genes with schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Role of genetic and environmental factors in DNA methylation of lipid metabolism

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen He ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
Wenjing Hou ◽  
Cheng Hu
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Heritability of Initiation and Duration of Breastfeeding Behavior

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 575-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Colodro-Conde ◽  
Juan F. Sánchez-Romera ◽  
Juan R. Ordoñana
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding ◽  
Natural Way

Breastfeeding is considered the best and most natural way of feeding infants during the first months of life. Breastfeeding has multiple short- and long-term benefits for the health of the mother and babies, and from an evolutionist standpoint, it would be a behavior worth preserving throughout time. The aim of the present study was to explore the relative influence of genetic and environmental factors in this behavior. Three hundred and ninety pairs of adult female twins provided information about whether they breastfed their children and for how long. Three variables were analyzed: initiation and duration for the first baby, and mean duration for the complete offspring. Polychoric correlations were consistently higher for monozygotic twins, supporting a role for genetic factors (0.49 vs. 0.22 for initiation; 0.44 vs. 0.22 for duration in the first newborn; and 0.52 vs. 0.31 for duration on average). Model-fitting analyses found that in the best-fitting model, variance was explained by additive genetic and non-shared environmental factors, with estimated heritabilities ranging from 0.39 to 0.52 in the measures studied. The rest of the variance would be due to unique environmental factors. We conclude that genetic factors have a significant impact on the complex behavior of breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Association Study among Comethylation Modules, Genetic Polymorphisms and Clinical Features in Mexican Teenagers with Eating Disorders: Preliminary Results

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3210
Author(s):  
Germán Alberto Nolasco-Rosales ◽  
José Jaime Martínez-Magaña ◽  
Isela Esther Juárez-Rojop ◽  
Thelma Beatriz González-Castro ◽  
Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zarate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Gene Correlation ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Eating disorders are psychiatric disorders characterized by disturbed eating behaviors. They have a complex etiology in which genetic and environmental factors interact. Analyzing gene-environment interactions could help us to identify the mechanisms involved in the etiology of such conditions. For example, comethylation module analysis could detect the small effects of epigenetic interactions, reflecting the influence of environmental factors. We used MethylationEPIC and Psycharray microarrays to determine DNA methylation levels and genotype from 63 teenagers with eating disorders. We identified 11 comethylation modules in WGCNA (Weighted Gene Correlation Network Analysis) and correlated them with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and clinical features in our subjects. Two comethylation modules correlated with clinical features (BMI and height) in our sample and with SNPs associated with these phenotypes. One of these comethylation modules (yellow) correlated with BMI and rs10494217 polymorphism (associated with waist-hip ratio). Another module (black) was correlated with height, rs9349206, rs11761528, and rs17726787 SNPs; these polymorphisms were associated with height in previous GWAS. Our data suggest that genetic variations could alter epigenetics, and that these perturbations could be reflected as variations in clinical features.

Application of artificial neural networks to link genetic and environmental factors to DNA methylation in colorectal cancer

Epigenomics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Coppedè ◽  
Enzo Grossi ◽  
Angela Lopomo ◽  
Roberto Spisni ◽  
Massimo Buscema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Muscle Plasticity in Fish

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Prasanthi Koganti ◽  
Jianbo Yao ◽  
Beth M. Cleveland
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Muscle Plasticity ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
And Function

Growth rates in fish are largely dependent on genetic and environmental factors, of which the latter can be highly variable throughout development. For this reason, muscle growth in fish is particularly dynamic as muscle structure and function can be altered by environmental conditions, a concept referred to as muscle plasticity. Myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) like Myogenin, MyoD, and Pax7 control the myogenic mechanisms regulating quiescent muscle cell maintenance, proliferation, and differentiation, critical processes central for muscle plasticity. This review focuses on recent advancements in molecular mechanisms involving microRNAs (miRNAs) and DNA methylation that regulate the expression and activity of MRFs in fish. Findings provide overwhelming support that these mechanisms are significant regulators of muscle plasticity, particularly in response to environmental factors like temperature and nutritional challenges. Genetic variation in DNA methylation and miRNA expression also correlate with variation in body weight and growth, suggesting that genetic markers related to these mechanisms may be useful for genomic selection strategies. Collectively, this knowledge improves the understanding of mechanisms regulating muscle plasticity and can contribute to the development of husbandry and breeding strategies that improve growth performance and the ability of the fish to respond to environmental challenges.

scholarly journals Early Embryo Exposure to Assisted Reproductive Manipulation Induced Subtle Changes in Liver Epigenetics with No Apparent Negative Health Consequences in Rabbit

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 9716
Author(s):  
Ximo García-Domínguez ◽  
Gianfranco Diretto ◽  
David S. Peñaranda ◽  
Sarah Frusciante ◽  
Victor García-Carpintero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Multiple Ovulation ◽  
Metabolic Outcomes ◽  
Embryonic Exposure ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Epigenetic Events

Embryo manipulation is a requisite step in assisted reproductive technology (ART). Therefore, it is of great necessity to appraise the safety of ART and investigate the long-term effect, including lipid metabolism, on ART-conceived offspring. Augmenting our ART rabbit model to investigate lipid metabolic outcomes in offspring longitudinally, we detected variations in hepatic DNA methylation ART offspring in the F3 generation for embryonic exposure (multiple ovulation, vitrification and embryo transfer). Through adult liver metabolomics and proteomics, we identified changes mainly related to lipid metabolism (e.g., polyunsaturated fatty acids, steroids, steroid hormone). We also found that DNA methylation analysis was linked to changes in lipid metabolism and apoptosis genes. Nevertheless, these differences did not apparently alter the general health status. Thus, our findings suggest that ART is likely to be a player in embryo epigenetic events related to hepatic homeostasis alteration in adulthood.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document