scholarly journals Nested Socio-Ecological Maps as a Spatial Planning Instrument for Estuary Conservation and Ecosystem-Based Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Galván ◽  
Araceli Puente ◽  
José A. Juanes
Keyword(s):  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Ecological Change ◽  
Cumulative Impacts ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
Zostera Noltei

Estuaries are socio-ecological systems that can be represented as a holistic combination of biotic and abiotic conditions in spatially explicit units defined by: (i) the ecotope, as the integration of the physiotope (abiotic-homogeneous units) and the biotope (biotic-homogeneous units), and (ii) the anthrotope, synthesizing data on human drivers of ecological change. Nested physiotopes were identified in an estuary using a hierarchical approach that integrates information about eight abiotic, and biologically meaningful, variables. The biotope of Zostera noltei was delimited using a potential distribution model of species and overlapped with the physiotope map to characterize the ecotopes. The anthrotope was estimated as the cumulative impacts of anthropic activities over the ecotopes. The diversity of Z. noltei ecotopes was compared with the anthrotope map to estimate the potential impacts of human pressures on this species. The hierarchical methodology and resulting maps provide flexible and interdisciplinary tools for conservation, management, education and research.

scholarly journals Potential distribution of a climate sensitive species, the White-winged Snowfinch Montifringilla nivalis in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 522-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATTIA BRAMBILLA ◽  
JAIME RESANO-MAYOR ◽  
RAPHAËL ARLETTAZ ◽  
CHIARA BETTEGA ◽  
ANAÏS BINGGELI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Distribution ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
National Responsibility ◽  
Average Annual Temperature ◽  
Minor Portion ◽  
A Minor

SummaryThe White-winged Snowfinch Montifringilla nivalis nivalis is assumed to be highly threatened by climate change, but this high elevation species has been little studied and the current breeding distribution is accurately known only for a minor portion of its range. Here, we provide a detailed and spatially explicit identification of the potentially suitable breeding areas for the Snowfinch. We modelled suitable areas in Europe and compared them with the currently known distribution. We built a distribution model using 14,574 records obtained during the breeding period that integrated climatic, topographic and land-cover variables, working at a 2-km spatial resolution with MaxEnt. The model performed well and was very robust; average annual temperature was the most important occurrence predictor (optimum between c.-3°C and 0°; unsuitable conditions below -10° and above 5°). The current European breeding range estimated by BirdLife International was almost three times greater than that classified as potentially suitable by our model. Discrepancies between our model and the distribution estimated by BirdLife International were particularly evident in eastern Europe, where the species is poorly monitored. Southern populations are likely more isolated and at major risk because of global warming. These differences have important implications for the supposed national responsibility for conservation of the species and highlight the need for new investigations on the species in the eastern part of its European range.

Spatial Risk Distribution of Dengue Based on the Ecological Niche Model of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Central Mexican Highlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 728-737
Author(s):  
Raymundo Ordoñez-Sierra ◽  
Carlos Alberto Mastachi-Loza ◽  
Carlos Díaz-Delgado ◽  
Angela P Cuervo-Robayo ◽  
Carlos Roberto Fonseca Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Ecological Niche Model ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Niche Model ◽  
Spatial Risk ◽  
Precipitation Seasonality ◽  
Risk Distribution

Abstract Dengue is the most important viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes, predominantly Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (L.) (Diptera:Culicidae). Forty percent of the world’s population is at risk of contracting the disease, and a large area of Mexico presents suitable environmental conditions for the life cycle of Ae. aegypti. In particular, the Central Mexican Highlands have a high population density, increasing the risk of transmission and propagation of dengue. In the present study, the potential distribution of Ae. aegypti was modeled under an ecological niche approach using the maximum entropy technique with the aim of determining the spatial risk distribution of dengue. The final model of five variables (minimum temperature of the coldest month |Bio6|, precipitation of the wettest month |Bio13|, precipitation seasonality |Bio15|, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and relative humidity) contributed to more than 90% of the model’s performance. The results of the potential distribution model were then compared with the number of dengue cases per locality during the 2009–2015 period considering four suitability of presence categories. Category 4 corresponded with the highest suitability of presence (0.747 to 1) and the greatest risk of dengue (odds ratio [OR] = 103.27; P < 0.001). In conclusion, the present ecological niche model represents an important tool for the monitoring of dengue and the identification of high-risk areas.

A preliminary study of regeneration in wild populations of threatened endemic Hawaiian palms (Pritchardia; Arecaceae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melany H. Chapin ◽  
Mike Maunder ◽  
Katherine E. Horak
Keyword(s):  
Seed Predation ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Ecological Change ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Human Colonization ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Term Management

Island floras have been subject to catastrophic changes since human colonization; the Hawaiian Islands exemplify this pattern of species decline and ecological change. Archaeological and historic findings support the former existence of coastal, lowland and interior Pritchardia dominated forests. Wild Pritchardia populations are highly fragmented and exhibit poor or absent regeneration in the wild. This study records seed predation, goat grazing, pig damage, and human harvesting on six wild populations of three species and outlines requirements for the long-term management of wild populations. Only one population of the six studied was found to contain seedlings. Recommended conservation management strategies are outlined.

Ecological constraints and distribution of the primitive and enigmatic endemic Mexican butterflyBaronia brevicornis(Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc Legal ◽  
Oscar Dorado ◽  
Salima Machkour-M’Rabet ◽  
Roxanne Leberger ◽  
Jérôme Albre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Ecological Constraints ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
Occurrence Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Ancient Lineage ◽  
Close Relatives

AbstractBaronia brevicornisSalvin (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) is one of the most enigmatic butterflies in the world and possibly represents the most ancient lineage among the superfamily Papilionoidea. Its geographic distribution is remote from that of all its potential close relatives and many of its biological and ecological characteristics are unique among the suborder Rhopalocera. One of its particularities is that the occurrence plots of this species seem to be independent, each representing individual populations, despite the fact that the host plant:Acacia cochliacanthaHumboldt and Bonpland ex Willdenow (Fabaceae), is one of the most common Mexican Fabaceae species. Our results show that noB. brevicornispopulations occur if the host plant does not cover at least two-thirds of the locality. Even in the most favourable zones, the landscape occupancy of the butterfly does not exceed 2.5% of the available habitat even when its host plant covers 50% of the area. The average density of adults was 840 individuals/ha in favourable habitats, frequently on areas of around 3 ha, below of 1400 m. Using the BIOMOD2 package and the largest available set of abiotic conditions for Mexico implemented in the WorldClim database, we propose a revised potential distribution and discuss the results of our model with field occurrence data. Evolutionary and conservation issues are discussed in the light of our results.

scholarly journals El Modelling potential distribution of the endemic ringtail (Bassariscus astutus saxicola) on an island in the Gulf of California

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Arnaud ◽  
Sarahi Sandoval ◽  
Jonatgan G. Escobar-Flores ◽  
Rigel Sansores Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Species Distribution Model ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Thermal Refuge ◽  
Heat Load Index ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Bassariscus Astutus ◽  
Auc Value ◽  
Elevation Model

Objective: Analyze the topography of the island with a digital elevation model (DEM) at 30 m spatial resolution and generate the first distribution model for an endemic carnivore from the islands of the Gulf of California. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study employed the Maxent species distribution model to find the distribution of the ringtail in its habitat on Espíritu Santo Island. In 2015–2016, through four surveys, ringtails were trapped in eight glens on the west of the island. A total of 74 individuals were captured, with nine recaptures. Results: The variables with the greatest contributions to the models were elevation, contributing 71.6%; heat load index 15% and ruggedness 11.8%. The model predicts > 0.5 probabilities of presence of this carnivore in 3,018 hectares of the island. We obtained a high AUC value (0.928), which indicates that the model is accurate, and subsequently confirmed it with a value of pAUC = 1.917. Study Limitations/Implications: The habitat of the ringtail (Bassariscus astutus saxicola) was little known mainly because it is an endemic species. And there was not a published article that will show its distribution within the island. Conclusions: This model shows that topographic variables are useful to explain the potential distribution of the ringtail, mainly because the topography is related to sites that can offer thermal refuge, abundance of food, and escape routes from predators, among other features.

scholarly journals “Walking in Two Worlds”: Towards an Indigenist Ecological Systems Model for Group Therapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian Fish ◽  
Glenn Hirsch ◽  
Moin Syed
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Counseling Psychology ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Ecological Change ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Indigenous Epistemologies ◽  
Systems Model ◽  
Ecological Systems Model

Walking in two worlds is a common metaphor Indigenous peoples use to describe their experiences navigating the differences between Indigenous and Western epistemological and ontological worldviews across various contexts. Despite wide support for this phenomena, there have been few attempts to address Indigenous-Western cultural incongruities through structural changes in counseling psychology, though we are well-equipped as a profession to do so. Thus, we propose for counseling psychology to move towards an Indigenist Ecological Systems Model (IESM; MASKED, 2018) as an integrative framework for promoting Indigenous epistemologies and ontologies in science and practice. We provide a brief overview of IESM and a direct application of the model through a case illustration of Walking in Two Worlds, a psychotherapy group for Indigenous peoples. With IESM, we describe creating an Indigenous-informed clinical intervention that leverages Indigenous epistemologies and ontologies, prompting real ecological change. We conclude with implications IESM has for counseling psychology.

scholarly journals Estimating the impact of climate change on the potential distribution of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins with species distribution model

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12001
Author(s):  
Jinbo Fu ◽  
Linlin Zhao ◽  
Changdong Liu ◽  
Bin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Species Distribution Model ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Ensemble Model ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Sousa Chinensis ◽  
The Impact

As IUCN critically vulnerable species,the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) have attracted great public attention in recent years. The threats of human disturbance and environmental pollution to this population have been documented extensively. However, research on the sensitivity of this species to climate change is lacking. To understand the effect of climate change on the potential distribution of Sousa chinensis, we developed a weighted ensemble model based on 82 occurrence records and six predictor variables (e.g., ocean depth, distance to shore, mean temperature, salinity, ice thickness, and current velocity). According to the true skill statistic (TSS) and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), our ensemble model presented higher prediction precision than most of the single-algorithm models. It also indicated that ocean depth and distance to shore were the most important predictors in shaping the distribution patterns. The projections for the 2050s and 2100s from our ensemble model indicated a severe adverse impact of climate change on the Sousa chinensis habitat. Over 75% and 80% of the suitable habitat in the present day will be lost in all representative concentration pathway emission scenarios (RCPS) in the 2050s and 2100s, respectively. With the increased numbers of records of stranding and deaths of Sousa chinensis in recent years, strict management regulations and conservation plans are urgent to safeguard the current suitable habitats. Due to habitat contraction and poleward shift in the future, adaptive management strategies, including designing new reserves and adjusting the location and range of reserves according to the geographical distribution of Sousa chinensis, should be formulated to minimize the impacts of climate change on this species.

scholarly journals On the taxonomy of Latonigena auricomis (Araneae, Gnaphosidae), with notes of geographical distribution and natural history

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Jorge ◽  
Nicolás López Carrión ◽  
Cristian Grismado ◽  
Miguel Simó
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
New Records ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
First Time

The male of Latonigena auricomis Simon, 1893 is described for the first time and the female is redescribed. New records are provided for Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay. Notes on the natural history and a potential distribution model of the species are presented in the Neotropical Region.

scholarly journals The South-American distribution and southernmost record of Biomphalaria peregrina—a potential intermediate host of schistosomiasis

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Rumi ◽  
Roberto Eugenio Vogler ◽  
Ariel Aníbal Beltramino
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
South America ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
South American ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Southern Patagonia

Schistosomiasis remains a major parasitic disease, endemic in large parts of South America. Five neotropical species of Biomphalaria have been found to act as intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni in natural populations, while others have been shown to be susceptible in experimental infections, although not found infected in the field. Among these potential intermediate hosts, Biomphalaria peregrina represents the most widespread species in South America, with confirmed occurrence records from Venezuela to northern Patagonia. In this study, we report the southernmost record for the species at the Pinturas River, in southern Patagonia, which finding implies a southward reassessment of the limit for the known species of this genus. The identities of the individuals from this population were confirmed through morphological examination, and by means of two mitochondrial genes, cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S-rRNA. With both markers, phylogenetic analyses were conducted in order to compare the genetic background of individuals from the Pinturas River with previously genetically characterized strains of B. peregrina from various South-American locations. In addition, we produced a potential distribution model of B. peregrina in South America and identified the environmental variables that best predict that distribution. The model was estimated through a maximum entropy algorithm and run with occurrence points obtained from several sources, including the scientific literature and international databases, along with climatic and hydrographic variables. Different phylogenetic analyses with either the COI or 16S-rRNA sequences did not conflict, but rather gave very similar topological organizations. Two major groups were identified, with sequences from the Pinturas River grouping together with haplotypes from subtropical and temperate regions. The model developed had a satisfactory performance for the study area. We observed that the areas with higher habitat suitability were found to be mainly linked to subtropical and temperate regions of South America between 15° and 45° south latitude, with different moderate- and low-suitability areas outside this range. We also identified the coldest temperatures as the main predictors of the potential distribution of this snail. Susceptibility surveys would be required to evaluate if southern populations of B. peregrina still retain their potential as intermediate hosts of S. mansoni.

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