scholarly journals Epidemiology and Clinical Management of Rheumatic Autoimmune Diseases in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingzi Zhu ◽  
Jixin Zhong ◽  
Lingli Dong
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Clinical Prognosis ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cochrane Library

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been in pandemic for more than 1 year, with serious negative effects produced worldwide. During this period, there have been a lot of studies on rheumatic autoimmune diseases (RADs) combined with COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to review and summarize these experiences. Pubmed, Web of science, Embase and the Cochrane library were searched from January 15, 2020 to July 15, 2021 using RADs and COVID-19 related keywords. Based on a comprehensive review of studies covering 16 countries, the prevalence of COVID-19 does not necessarily increase in RADs patients compared to the general population. In RADs population infected with COVID-19, a high proportion of female patients (54.44~95.2%), elderly patients (≥50y, 48~75.88%), and patients with pre-existing comorbidities (respiratory, 4.8~60.4%; endocrine, 8.52~44.72%; cardiovascular, 15.7~64.73%) were observed, although, this does not appear to have a decisive effect on disease severity. Many anti-rheumatic treatments have been extensively evaluated for their efficacy of treating COVID-19 in RADs patients, with TNF-α inhibitors and IL-6 receptor antagonist receiving more positive reviews. However, there is no conclusive information for most of the therapeutic regimens due to the lack of high-level evidence. Inflammatory markers or neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio may be applied as indicators for clinical prognosis or therapeutic regimens adjustment. Thus, more research is still needed to address the prevalence, treatment, and clinical monitoring of RADs patients in COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals The Genetic Polymorphism of TNF-α Associated with the Anti-TNF-α Therapy Used for COVID-19 Patients – Another Possible Approach

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e47411121576
Author(s):  
Luciano Barreto Silva ◽  
Guilherme Marinho Sampaio ◽  
Rodolfo Scavuzzi Carneiro Cunha ◽  
Caroline Isabele Félix Muniz ◽  
Alexandrino Pereira Santos Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Pubmed Central ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Objective: This work aimed of to review the implications of anti-TNF-α therapy in COVID-19 patients associated with the genetic polymorphism (TNF-α polymorphisms in the region-308) of this pertinent cytokine  Methodology: Electronic searches were carried out on PUBMED Central, BVS/BIREME, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library with the aid of key-words. Results: Twenty-six articles were collected. Anti-TNF-α therapy was interpreted and evaluated. Conclusions: Although scarce information is available in the current literature, anti- TNF-α therapy seems to be a viable clinical approach for hospitalized COVID-19 patients who do not need oxygen supply. The genetic polymorphisms, although relevant, may be useful for further researched to assess the clinical response in different research groups.

Neuroimaging Outcomes in Studies of Cognitive Training in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 472-486
Author(s):  
Lucy Beishon ◽  
Kannakorn Intharakham ◽  
David Swienton ◽  
Ronney B. Panerai ◽  
Thompson G. Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Early Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Background: Cognitive Training (CT) has demonstrated some benefits to cognitive and psychosocial function in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and early dementia, but the certainty related to those findings remains unclear. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms by which CT improves cognitive functioning may help to understand the relationships between CT and cognitive function. The purpose of this review was to identify the evidence for neuroimaging outcomes in studies of CT in MCI and early Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Methods: Medline, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library were searched with a predefined search strategy, which yielded 1778 articles. Studies were suitable for inclusion where a CT program was used in patients with MCI or AD, with a structural or functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) outcome. Studies were assessed for quality using the Downs and Black criteria. Results: Medline, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library were searched with a predefined search strategy, which yielded 1778 articles. Studies were suitable for inclusion where a CT program was used in patients with MCI or AD, with a structural or functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) outcome. Studies were assessed for quality using the Downs and Black criteria. Conclusions: CT resulted in variable functional and structural changes in dementia, and conclusions are limited by heterogeneity and study quality. Larger, more robust studies are required to correlate these findings with clinical benefits from CT.

scholarly journals The value of lncRNAs as prognostic biomarkers on clinical outcomes in osteosarcoma: a meta-analysis

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenchao Zhang ◽  
Xiaolei Ren ◽  
Lin Qi ◽  
Chenghao Zhang ◽  
Chao Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Clinicopathological Features ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Human Osteosarcoma ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Abstract Background In recent years, emerging studies have demonstrated critical functions and potential clinical applications of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in osteosarcoma. To further validate the prognostic value of multiple lncRNAs, we have conducted this updated meta-analysis. Methods Literature retrieval was conducted by searching PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library (last update by October 2, 2019). A meta-analysis was performed to explore association between lncRNAs expression and overall survival (OS) of osteosarcoma patients. Relationships between lncRNAs expression and other clinicopathological features were also analyzed respectively. Results Overall, 4351 patients from 62 studies were included in this meta-analysis and 25 lncRNAs were identified. Pooled analyses showed that high expression of 14 lncRNAs connoted worse OS, while two lncRNAs were associated with positive outcome. Further, analysis toward osteosarcoma clinicopathologic features demonstrated that overexpression of TUG1 and XIST indicated poor clinical parameters of patients. Conclusions This meta-analysis has elucidated the prognostic potential of 16 lncRNAs in human osteosarcoma. Evidently, desperate expression and functional targets of these lncRNAs offer new approaches for prognosis and therapy of osteosarcoma.

S-1 and Capecitabine for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1144-1152
Author(s):  
Ping Huang ◽  
Zhenfen Wang ◽  
Qian Liu ◽  
Guohao Cai
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Advanced Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
The Third ◽  
Hand Foot Syndrome ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Colorectal cancers common tumors that develop in the large intestines. The incidence of colorectal cancer is second only to gastric and esophageal cancers. Both S-1 and capecitabine are the third-generation fluorouracil-based chemotherapeutic drugs. We hope to summarize the therapeutic effects of tecotae and capecitabine in patients with colorectal cancer through this Meta-analysis. We performed a meta-analysis of the findings in the current literature. We performed a systematic review of outcomes associated with S-1 and capecitabine used to treat advanced colorectal cancer based on findings from both English and Chinese publications listed in PubMed, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, EBSCO, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. End-points included ORR, DCR, OS, and PFS; adverse events (grades 1–2 and 3–4) were also evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3. A total of 12 studies were eventually included, involving a total of 3,375 patients. Of this group, 1,683 and 1,692 patients underwent treatment with S-1 or capecitabine, respectively. There were no greatly differences with respect to ORR, DCR, or OS; however, PFS was bettered in the group of S-1 compared to those treated with capecitabine. The incidence of leukopenia, diarrhea and anorexia were all higher among those in S-1 group compared to the capecitabine group, but a higher incidence of hand-foot syndrome was linked with use of capecitabine. Use of S-1 for the treatment of colorectal cancer may result in superior outcomes when compared to use of capecitabine.

scholarly journals Clinical simulation with dramatization: gains perceived by students and health professionals

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Cristina Negri ◽  
Alessandra Mazzo ◽  
José Carlos Amado Martins ◽  
Gerson Alves Pereira Junior ◽  
Rodrigo Guimarães dos Santos Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
National Library ◽  
Electronic Library ◽  
Clinical Simulation ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Latin American And Caribbean

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify in the literature the gains health students and professionals perceive when using clinical simulation with dramatization resources. Method: integrative literature review, using the method proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). A search was undertaken in the following databases: Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Web of Science, National Library of Medicine, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, The Cochrane Library, Scopus, Scientific Electronic Library Online. Results: 53 studies were analyzed, which complied with the established inclusion criteria. Among the different gains obtained, satisfaction, self-confidence, knowledge, empathy, realism, reduced level of anxiety, comfort, communication, motivation, capacity for reflection and critical thinking and teamwork stand out. Conclusion: the evidence demonstrates the great possibilities to use dramatization in the context of clinical simulation, with gains in the different health areas, as well as interprofessional gains.

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Concordance of Whole Slide Imaging and Light Microscopy: A Systematic Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Goacher ◽  
Rebecca Randell ◽  
Bethany Williams ◽  
Darren Treanor
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Whole Slide Imaging ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Diagnostic Concordance ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Context.—Light microscopy (LM) is considered the reference standard for diagnosis in pathology. Whole slide imaging (WSI) generates digital images of cellular and tissue samples and offers multiple advantages compared with LM. Currently, WSI is not widely used for primary diagnosis. The lack of evidence regarding concordance between diagnoses rendered by WSI and LM is a significant barrier to both regulatory approval and uptake. Objective.—To examine the published literature on the concordance of pathologic diagnoses rendered by WSI compared with those rendered by LM. Data Sources.—We conducted a systematic review of studies assessing the concordance of pathologic diagnoses rendered by WSI and LM. Studies were identified following a systematic search of Medline (Medline Industries, Mundelein, Illinois), Medline in progress (Medline Industries), EMBASE (Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands), and the Cochrane Library (Wiley, London, England), between 1999 and March 2015. Conclusions.—Thirty-eight studies were included in the review. The mean diagnostic concordance of WSI and LM, weighted by the number of cases per study, was 92.4%. The weighted mean κ coefficient between WSI and LM was 0.75, signifying substantial agreement. Of the 30 studies quoting percentage concordance, 18 (60%) showed a concordance of 90% or greater, of which 10 (33%) showed a concordance of 95% or greater. This review found evidence to support a high level of diagnostic concordance. However, there were few studies, many were small, and they varied in quality, suggesting that further validation studies are still needed.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary intervention, with or without co-interventions, on inflammatory markers in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 765-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjana J Reddy ◽  
Elena S George ◽  
Stuart K Roberts ◽  
Audrey C Tierney
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Context Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a spectrum of liver disorders, ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), with inflammation acting as a key driver in its pathogenesis and progression. Diet has the potential to mediate the release of inflammatory markers; however, little is known about the effects of various diets. Objective This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary interventions on cytokines and adipokines in patients with NAFLD. Data Sources The electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library were searched for clinical trials investigating dietary interventions, with or without supplementation, on cytokines and adipokines in NAFLD patients. Data Extraction Basic characteristics of populations, dietary intervention protocol, cytokines, and adipokines were extracted for each study. Quality of evidence was assessed using the American Dietetic Association criteria. Data Analysis Nineteen studies with a total of 874 participants were included. The most frequently reported inflammatory outcomes were C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), adiponectin, and leptin. Hypocaloric, isocaloric, or low-fat diets significantly (P < 0.05) lowered levels of CRP, TNF-α, and adiponectin. The addition of nutraceutical or pharmacological supplementation to dietary interventions appeared to elicit additional benefits for all of the most frequently reported inflammatory markers. Conclusions Hypo- or isocaloric diets alone, or with co-interventions that included a nutraceutical or pharmacological supplementation, appear to improve the inflammatory profile in patients with NAFLD. Thus, anti-inflammatory diets may have the potential to improve underlying chronic inflammation that underpins the pathophysiological mechanisms of NAFLD. In the absence of any known liver-sensitive markers, the use of cytokines and adipokines as a surrogate marker of liver disease should be further investigated in well-controlled trials.

scholarly journals Influence ofDPYDGenetic Polymorphisms on 5-Fluorouracil Toxicities in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Li ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Hong-Mei Zhang ◽  
Yin-Peng Huang ◽  
Tian-Yi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Stratified Analysis

Our meta-analysis aggregated existing results from relevant studies to comprehensively investigate the correlations between genetic polymorphisms in dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) gene and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) toxicities in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The MEDLINE (1966∼2013), the Cochrane Library Database (Issue 12, 2013), EMBASE (1980∼2013), CINAHL (1982∼2013), Web of Science (1945∼2013), and the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) (1982∼2013) were searched without language restrictions. Meta-analyses were conducted with the use of STATA software (Version 12.0, Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA). Seven clinical cohort studies with a total of 946 CRC patients met our inclusion criteria, and NOS scores of each of the included studies were ≥5. Our findings showed thatDPYDgenetic polymorphisms were significantly correlated with high incidences of 5-FU-related toxicity in CRC patients. SNP-stratified analysis indicated that there were remarkable connections of IVS14+1G>A, 464T>A, and 2194G>A polymorphisms with the incidence of marrow suppression in CRC patients receiving 5-FU chemotherapy. Furthermore, we found that IVS14+1G>A, 496A>G, and 2194G>A polymorphisms were correlated with the incidence of gastrointestinal reaction. Ethnicity-stratified analysis also revealed thatDPYDgenetic polymorphisms might contribute to the development of marrow suppression and gastrointestinal reaction among Asians, but not among Caucasians. The present meta-analysis suggests thatDPYDgenetic polymorphisms may be correlated with the incidence of 5-FU-related toxicity in CRC patients.

scholarly journals Regulation of miRNA content. Part 1. Editing miRNA. Тailing miRNA

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-324
Author(s):  
A.E. Abaturov ◽  
V.L. Babуch
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Structure ◽  
Posttranscriptional Regulation ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Transcriptional Elongation ◽  
Transcription Control ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Molecular Effects ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Mirna Content

This scientific review presents the processes of regulation of miRNA content. To write the article, information was searched using Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Global Health, The Cochrane Library, CyberLeninka databases. The article presents the characteristics of the processes of microRNA editing and microRNA tailing, which regulate the content of microRNA through the transcription control. It is emphasized that editing is the most important mechanism of posttranscriptional regulation of microRNA that occurs with the help of RNA-specific adenosine deaminase. The article shows that editing leads to a change in the secondary structure of the microRNA mo­lecule and the deviation of the process of microRNA maturation. It is shown that microRNA tailing is a posttranscriptional elongation of the tail of the molecule by adding nucleotides to the 3’-end of RNA. It has been found that uridinylation is a very common posttranscriptional process that regulates gene expression. The effect of uridinylation on microRNA biogenesis has been demonstrated on the example of the miR let-7 family, which inhibits proliferation and promotes cell differentiation. It has been established that another type of microRNA tailing, namely adeny­lation, most often contri­butes to the stabilization of the molecule, but in some cases can lead to microRNA degradation. Thus, the regulation of miRNA content is carried out by editing miRNA, microRNA tailing. Due to editing, the secondary structure of the microRNA molecule changes and the microRNA maturation process deviates. MicroRNA tailing is a post-transcriptional elongation of the tail of the molecule by ad­ding nucleotides to the 3’-end of RNA by polyuridinylation or poly­a­denylation. Uridinylation affects the processing and degradation of miRNA precursors with different molecular effects, which in some cases contribute to the development of diseases.

scholarly journals Evaluación de la calidad de vida según el estado nutricional del paciente paliativo adulto: revisión sistemática

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester Aracil-Lavado ◽  
Carmina Wanden-Berghe ◽  
Javier Sanz-Valero
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
Revisión Sistemática ◽  
Literatura Latinoamericana ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Objetivo: Revisar la literatura científica relacionada con la calidad de vida según el estado nutricional del paciente paliativo adulto.Método: Análisis crítico de los trabajos recuperados mediante revisión sistemática. Los datos se obtuvieron de la consulta directa y acceso, vía Internet, a las siguientes bases de datos bibliográficas del ámbito de las ciencias de la salud: MEDLINE (vía PubMed), The Cochrane Library, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINHAL), Web of Science y la Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS). Se consideró adecuado el uso de los Descriptores “Quality of life”, “Nutritional Status” y “Palliative care”, utilizando los filtros: «Humans», «Adult» y «Comparative Study» o «Clinical Trial». Fecha de la búsqueda: noviembre de 2016.Resultados: Tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se aceptaron 4 estudios para su revisión y análisis crítico. Al evaluar la calidad de los artículos seleccionados para la revisión mediante el cuestionario CONSORT, las puntuaciones oscilaron entre 11 y 20 sobre una puntuación máxima de 25.Conclusiones: El seguimiento nutricional de los enfermos estaba relacionado directamente con la mejora del estado nutricional, y se correspondía con el incremento de la calidad de vida. Sería deseable utilizar cuestionarios específicos y validados para evaluar la calidad de vida según el estado nutricional que permitirán minimizar cualquier tipo de subjetividad del paciente. Serían necesarios futuros estudios, con una adecuada población, que aclaren la relación directa entre el estado nutricional y la calidad de vida en los enfermos paliativos.

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